Academic Planner

JMG 213E
TECHNIQUES IN
GEOGRAPHY
Academic Session 2015/2016
WEBEX SESSION CLASS
Webex Session

DATES

Time

1
2
3
4
5
6
Students need to fill in the date and time of webex sessions. Please refer to the
video conference time table provided for Academic Session 2015/2016.

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JMG 213E/4 TECHNIQUES IN GEOGRAPHY

COURSE MANAGER :

DR. IZHAM MOHAMAD YUSOFF

INTRODUCTION
This course JMG 213(E) Techniques in Geography is an introductory
course for students majoring (or minoring) in Geography, consists of five
principal section :
Part I
Part II
Part III
Part IV
Part V

Map making processes

Topographic map interpretations
Cartography
Remote Sensing
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

This course is structured using Map Use & Analysis authored by John
Campbell (2001) as the main text. Additional materials are sourced from
Geographic Information Systems and Science (Longley et.al, 2001) and
Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation. (Lillesand and Kiefer, 1979).

COURSE CONTENT
Part I

Map making processes (Chapter 1, 2 & 3)

Different types of maps
Mapping the earth
Map projections

Part II

Topographic map interpretations (Chapter 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8)

Direction determination and map orientation
Terrain representation and contour interpretation
Distance measurement and area determination
Topographic features

Part III Cartography (Chapter 2, 3, 4 & 13)

Cartograms and special purpose maps
Graphs and charts
Linear, areal and surface symbols
Networks
Shape and point patterns
Part IV Remote Sensing (Chapter 11 & 12)
Foundations of remote sensing
Aerial photography
Introduction to airphoto interpretation
Remote sensing from space

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Part V Geographic information systems (Chapter 14)

Introduction to geographic information systems
Geographic information systems applications
Geographic information systems components
Geographic information systems data collection
* Chapters above are numbered based on Contents of the provided text book
- Page iii, (Campbell, 2001).
COURSE ASSESSMENT
Students registered for this course are required to sit for the final examination
at the end of the academic session, submitting one graded assignments,
under go continuous assessment test and hands-on test - both during
intensive course.

(a)

The Final Examination (60%)

The final examination paper will consists of a practical and theoretical
components covering all the five parts of the course.

(b) The graded assignments (20%)

Assignments: Individual projects will be assigned to illustrate the
theory/principles taught in the lectures and must be submitted to be
graded (compulsory). Although the emphasis is on the substance of the
material submitted, presentation will be considered for grading. LATE
submission will not be accepted. You can work together on the
assignments/exercises but the write-up and the work you submitted
MUST be your own.
Assignment Topic
To what extend does GIS benefits the contribution of Cartography,
Remote Sensing and Aerial Photogrammetry technologies towards
producing high quality maps and its interpretations in Malaysia? State
your reason and examples based on (1) one of the sub-topics below:
a)
b)
c)
d)

Storm water modelling

Demographic analysis
Military operation
Tourism

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Your assignment must be organized based on the following subsections:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Introduction
Study Area
Literature Review
Methodology
Analysis
Conclusions
References

Due date for the submission of the assignments is on 11th March 2016.

(c)

Continuous Assessment/Test (10%)

In order to access your knowledge of the Present Techniques in
Geography a continuous assessment test will be carried out during the
intensive course.

(d) Practical during intensive course (10%)

Students are required to sit for hands-on test to access the ability to
perform spatial data analysis and processing using ArcGIS software.

INTENSIVE COURSE
There will be series of tutorials, lab session and hands-on test during your
visit for Intensive Course in USM, scheduled from 19th January 2016 till 7th
February 2016. Manuals will be provided for hands-on training session.

WEBEX SESSION
There are SIX allocated webex session slots as stated below :
Webex Session
1
2
3
4
5
6

Discussion Topic
Map projections
Terrain representation and contour interpretation
Maps and graphs
Airphoto interpretation
Geographic information systems data collection
Revision (VC1 to VC5)

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Detailed contents of the Webex Session

Webex Session No. 1
Topic: Map projections
Reference: Campbell, 2001 Chapter 1, 2 and 3
Discussions
projection surfaces
plane, cone and cylinder

gnomonic, streographic and ortographic positions

orientation of a projection surface
regular cylindrical
regular conic
transverse cylindrical
polar azimuthal
oblique cylindrical
oblique azimutal

globe characteristics
conformality, equivalence, distance and direction

projection effects
Mercator, simisoidal, azimuthal equidistant
the Miller cylindrical, the Robinson, the Winkel Tripel

projection selection
Mercator
Lambert
ortographic

Webex Session No. 2

Topic: Terrain representation and contour interpretation
Reference: Campbell, 2001 Chapter 6, 7 and 8
Discussions

contour lines and spot heights

hill shading
physiographic diagrams
block diagrams
contour interpretation
characteristics
elevation estimation
profiling and vertical exaggeration
drawing a profile
slope determination
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Webex Session No. 3

Topic: Maps and graphs
Reference: Campbell, 2001 Chapter 9 and 10
Discussions

line graphs
variables, types of scales
multiple line graphs, silhoutte graphs
accumulative line graphs (the Lorenz curves)
line graphs using index values
logarithmic line graphs

surface graphs
bar charts
symbols and scales

pie charts

area and volumetric diagrams

graduated circles (proportional circle symbols)
realistic figures

special diagrams
scatter diagrams
population profile
circular graphs (climatographs)
triangular graphs

Webex Session No. 4

Topic: Aerial photo and Remote Sensing
Reference: Campbell, 2001 Chapter 11, 12 and 13
Discussions

aerial photo products

prints, photomosaics and orthophoto maps
photo interpretation fundamentals (visual clues)
shape
shadow
site
size
tone
pattern
texture

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airphoto scales
small-scale (1:60,000 or smaller)
medium-scale (1:12,000 to 1:60,000)
large-scale (larger than 1:12,000)

basic photo interpretation equipment

stereoscope: lens steoscope, mirror stereoscope,
zoom streoscope
transparent dot grid overlay
polar planimeter
electronic digitizer system
electronic image analyzer

remote sensing imagery

example of remote sensing systems

aerial photo / remote sensing interpretation utilization

geologic and soil mapping
land use and land information systems
agricultural and forestry applications
water resources applications
(water pollution, lake eutrophication, flood damage)
urban and regional planning applications
environmental impact assessment
wildlife ecology applications
archeological and historical sites studies

Webex Session No. 5

Topic: Geographic information systems (GIS) data collection
Reference: Campbell, 2001 Chapter 13 and 14
Discussions

the four basic data types

points, lines, polygons (areas), surfaces

georeferencing (locational information) and labeling of atrribute codes

data collection workflow
planning, preparation and digitizing

primary geographic data capture methods

raster data capture
digital remote-sensing images
digital saerial photographs
scanned maps
digital elevation models from maps

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vector data capture

global position system (GPS) measurements
survey measurements
topographic maps
placenames (toponymy) databases

manual digitizing basic steps

map document
digitizing well-distributed control points
level of generalization
data capture
check for errors and editing

Webex Session No. 6

Topic: Revision (VC1 - VC5)
Reference: Campbell, 2001

STUDY ADVICE
1.

Do not stress if you have a poor command of the English language.

2.

Make an effort to understand the main points and ideas contained in

a paragraph.

3.

Make an organised note about each topic learned.

4.

Practise often.

5.

Converse in English daily.

6.

Do not panic. Life is a struggle and NEVER GIVE UP.

25Ogos2015

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