ACUTE

UPPER
RESPIRATOR
Y
INFECTION
(AURI)
Prepared by:

De vera,marjorie
Resurreccion, Carls Burg
Mapiscay, Ma. Richel Samson, Aiza
 Nicolas, Jean Therese Santos,
Mark Francis
Paloma, Ronie Talaue, Tyrone Jig
Pascual, Angelie Tanseco, Ma. Shiela
Pascual, Genalyn Tolentino, Ryan Joe

Prepared to:
Mr. Felix Aquino,RN
INTRODUCTION
We the Group A3 of College of Nursing in Norzagaray College was
conducted an interview in Norzagaray Municipal Hospital at OPD as part of
our case study.

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

This group case study provides goals and objectives which can be used
as an instrument in assessing the patient’s health status and in his present
conditions:

• Use to obtain a complete health data and can be used in follow up care.
• Impart knowledge by conducting health teaching about the necessary
information pertaining in the disease condition.
• Understands the course and essence of the chosen care study.

OVERVIEW

Upper respiratory tract infection (URI) is a nonspecific term used to

describe acute infections involving the nose, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx,
trachea, and bronchi. The prototype is the illness known as the common cold,
which will be discussed here, in addition to pharyngitis, sinusitis, and
tracheobronchitis. Influenza is a systemic illness that involves the upper
respiratory tract and should be differentiated from other URIs.

Viruses cause most URIs, with rhinovirus, parainfluenza virus, coronavirus,

adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, coxsackievirus, and influenza virus
accounting for most cases. Human metapneumovirus is a newly discovered
agent causing URIs. Group a beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS) cause 5% to
10% of cases of pharyngitis in adults. Other less common causes of bacterial
pharyngitis include group C beta-hemolytic streptococci, Corynebacterium
diphtheriae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Arcanobacterium haemolyticum, Chlamydia
pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and herpes simplex virus. Streptococcus
pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the most
common organisms that cause the bacterial superinfection of viral acute sinusitis.
3
Less than 10% of cases of acute tracheobronchitis are caused by Bordetella
pertussis, B. parapertussis, M. pneumoniae, or C. pneumoniae.

Types of Acute URI

•Acute viral rhinitis
•Acute otitis media
• Acute tonsillo-pharyngitis
• Others (Otitis externa, otitis media with effusion mastoiditis, rhinosinusitis)

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

1. Nose
The nose is composed of an external and an internal portion:
- External Portion: protrudes from the face and is supported by the
nasal bones and cartilages. The anterior nares (nostrils) are the
external openings of the nasal cavities.
- Internal Portion: hollow cavity separated into the right and left
cavities by a narrow vertical divider, the septum.

- serves as a passageway for air to pass to and from the lungs.

- It filters impurities and humidifies and warms the air as it is inhaled.
- It is responsible for olfaction (smell) because the olfactory receptors
are located in the nasal mucosa.
 2. Sinuses
The sinuses are small cavities that are lined with mucous membrane
within the bones of the skull.
3. Pharynx
The pharynx, or throat carries foods and liquids into the digestive tract and
also carries air into the respiratory tract.
4. Larynx
The larynx or voice box is located between the pharynx and trachea. It is
the location of the Adam's apple, which in reality is the thyroid gland and
houses the vocal cords.
5. Trachea
The trachea or windpipe is a tube that extends from the lower edge of the
larynx to the upper part of the chest and conducts air between the larynx
and the lungs.
6. Lungs
The lungs are the organ in which the exchange of gasses takes place. The
lungs are made up of extremely thin and delicate tissues. At the lungs, the
bronchi subdivides, becoming progressively smaller as they branch
through the lung tissue, until they reach the tiny air sacks of the lungs
called the alveoli. It is at the alveoli that gasses enter and leave the blood
stream.
7. Bronchi
The trachea divides into two parts called the bronchi, which enter the
lungs.
8. Bronchioles
The bronchi subdivide creating a network of smaller branches, with the
smallest one being the bronchioles. There are more than one million
bronchioles in each lung.
9. Avleoli
The alveoli are tiny air sacks that are enveloped in a network of capillaries.
It is here that the air we breathe is diffused into the blood, and waste
gasses are returned for elimination.

Biographic data
Name: AA
Age: 2 years old
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: September 9, 2007
Civil status: Children
Address: Norzagaray Bulacan
Religion: Catholic

Nursing History
Past health history
Upon interview the patient’s was asked about past history of illness of her
son, she told us that her son has no other diseases from past except from some
fevers, cough and cold. According to the patient mother she gave medication of
paracetamol when her son is ill. The mother also give him vitamins. He has no
known allergies and never been hospitalized. Her mother told that patient AA
does have a complete immunization in Barangay Bangkal Norzagaray Bulacan.

Present health history

Prior to admission the patient’s mother told us that patient AA is developed
on and off fever since January 16, 2010 with cough and cold since January 18,
2010, she self medicated with Neozep and Dolan. However she noticed no
changes and experienced high fever and chill. They brought him to the hospital
for further medication and management. He was then diagnosed with AURI; the
physician prescribed him with Neozep or Dolan, Amoxicillin 4ml three times a day
and Carbocisteine 4ml three times a day.The mother also told that she thinks
patient AA get his illness because of changeable weather.

Family health history

There are history of hypertension in both mother and father side of the
patient.

ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING

Before Illness During Illness Interpretation
and Analysis
Nutrition He eats 3 times a He eats only I. Before, he eats
day: rice, biscuits and milk. rice, vegetables,
vegetables, and and meats three
meats. times a day, and
when he got ill he
only eat biscuits
and milk.
A. Patients who
has illness may
have an
inadequate dietary
intake.
Ref. Brunner and
Suddart’s Medical
Surgical
Nursing,11th
edition,volume 1,
page 83.
Elimination Urine: 5 times a Urine: once a day I. Before, he
day Stool: once every urinate 5 times a
Stool: everyday two days day and eliminate
bowel once a day,
and when he got ill
he urinate once a
day and eliminate
bowel once in
every two days.
A. Decrease
elimination is due
to decrease food
intake.
Ref. Kozier and
Erb’s
Fundamentals of
Nursing, 8th
edition, volume 2,
page 1288.

Exercise Active playing Not active I. Before, he was

actively playing
and when he got ill
he is not active
and weakness.
A. Adequate
exercise prevents
pooling of
secretions in the
bronchi and
bronchioles,
decreasing
breathing effort
and risk of
infection.
Ref. Kozier and
Erb’s
Fundamentals of
Nursing, 8th
edition, volume 2,
page 1114.

Rest and Sleep He sleep 8hrs in He sleep almost I. Before, he sleep

the night and 2 6hrs of intermittent 8hrs in the night
naps in the sleep and 4 naps and 2 naps in the
 afternoon. in the afternoon. afternoon and
when he got ill he
have almost 6hrs
of intermittent
sleep and 4 naps
in the afternoon.
A. Respiratory
condition can
disturb an
individual’s sleep.
Shortness of sleep
breath often
makes difficult,
and people who
have nasal
congestion or
sinus drainage
may have trouble
breathing and
hence may find it
difficult to sleep.
Ref. Kozier and
Erb’s
Fundamentals of
Nursing, 8th
edition, volume 2,
page 1170.

Hygiene He takes bath Never take a bath, I. Before, his

everyday by his his mother wipe mother take him to
mother. him a wet clean bath everyday and
towel. when he got ill he
only wipe a wet
clean towel by his
mother.
A. Ill people may
not have the
motivation or
energy to attend
hygiene.
Ref. Kozier and
Erb’s
Fundamentals of
Nursing, 8th
edition, volume 1,
page 742.
Substance use Vitamins: Poten- His mother gave I. Before, he takes
cee him Neozep syrup vitamins (Poten-
and Dolan. cee) everyday and
when he got ill he
takes Neozep
syrup, Dolan, and
continues his
vitamins.
A. Medication/
drugs administer
in order to treat,
cure or for
prevention of a
certain disease.
Ref. Kozier and
Erb’s
Fundamentals of
Nursing, 8th
edition, volume 2,
page 830.