Q - Sources of Energy

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SOURCES OF ENERGY
TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS AND THEIR ANSWERS

Q.1.
What is a good source of energy.
Ans.
A good source of energy is one which : (i) is

economical, (ii) is easy to store and transport, (iii) is
easily available, and (iv) could do large amount of
work per unit volume or mass.
Q.2.
What is good fuel?
Ans.
A good fuel is one which : (i) could liberate large

amount of heat per unit mass, (ii) does not produce
toxic gases or ash, (iii) is easily available and easy to
store and transport, and (iv) is economical.
Q.3.
If you could use any source of energy for heating

your food, which one would you use and why?
CBSEPracticalSkills.com
Ans.
I will use LPG or CNG gas. It is because, (i) it is

easily combustible, (ii) it does not produce any
harmful gases or ash, (iii) it produces large amount
of heat per unit volume, and (iv) it is economical.
Q.4.
Why are we looking at alternate sources of

energy?
Ans.
The conventional sources of energy such as coal,

petroleum products, natural gas, etc., produce lot of
pollution and will exhaust in another 50 to 100 years,
leaving us without any reliable sources of energy.
Thus, there is a need for alternate sources of energy.
Q.5.
Which one of the following is not an example of

bio-mass energy source?
Ans.
(a) Wood
(b) Gobar gas
(c) Nuclear energy
(d) Coal
(c) The nuclear energy is not an example of bio-mass

energy.
Q.6.
What are the disadvantages of fossil fuels?
Ans. (a) Fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum on

burning produce large amount of polluting gases
which are damaging our environment. Coal on
burning leaves behind lot of ash.
(b) Fossil fuels can exhaust within a time span of 50
to 100 years.
(c) Fossil fuels are not easily available and have to be
transported from far off places. This makes the
fuel expensive.
Q.7.
On what basis would you classify energy sources

as :
(a) Renewable and non-renewable?
(b) Exhaustible and inexhaustible?
Ans. (a) The sources of energy such as trees and bio-mass

which can be regenerated over a reasonable time
span are called renewable sources of energy.
The sources of energy such as coal, petroleum and
natural gas which cannot be regenerated over a
reasonable time span such as 10 to 20 years, are

called non-renewable sources of energy.
(b) The sources of energy in which
the rate of
depletion is larger than the rate of regeneration are

called exhaustible source of energy. For example,
fossil fuels are exhaustible sources of energy.
The sources of energy in which rate of depletion
is equal to or less than the rate of regeneration, are
called inexhaustible sources of energy. For
example, biomass, forests, if properly harvested
are inexhaustible sources of energy.
Q.8.
How has the traditional use of wind and water

energy been modified for our convenience?
Ans.
The kinetic energy possessed by the fast flowing

water or wind is made to run the turbines of electric
generator, where it is converted into mechanical
energy. This mechanical energy is then used to drive
the armature of the generators, where it is converted
into electric energy.
The electric energy so produced is then transmitted

to different places in the country with the help of
transmission wireless. The electric energy is then put
to various uses, depending upon the requirement.
Q.9.
Compare and contrast fossil fuels and the Sun as

direct sources of energy.
Ans.
Fossil fuels as source
Sun as source of
of energy
energy
1. Fossil energy can be
Suns energy can be
used any time during
used only during day
day or night.
time.
2. The stock of fossil

energy is limited.
3. Fossil energy is non-
Suns energy is
unlimited.
Solar energy is
renewable. It takes
renewable source of
millions of year to
energy.
produce fossil fuel.

4. Fossil fuel produces a
Solar energy is totally
lot of pollution.
pollution free.
5. Fossil fuels release
Q.10.
Solar energy is due to
energy when they are
the nuclear fusion
burnt in air or oxygen.
reaction.
What are the qualities of an ideal source of

energy ?
Ans.
An ideal source of energy should be :

(i) able to produce adequate amount of useful energy,
(ii) convenient to use,
(iii) easy to transport and store,
(iv) capable of delivering desired amount of energy at
a steady rate for long period of time,
(v) easily accessible,
(vi) economical.
Q.11.
A solar water heater cannot be used to get hot

water on:
Ans.
Q.12.
(a) a sunny day
(b) a cloudy day
(c) a hot day
(d) a windy day.
(b) a cloudy day is the correct option.

Most of the sources of energy we use, represent
stored solar energy. Which of the following is not
ultimately derived from the Suns energy ?
Ans.
Q.13.
(a) geothermal energy,
(b) wind energy,
(c) nuclear energy,
(d) bio-mass.
(c) nuclear energy is the correct option.

Can any source of energy be pollution free ? Why
or why not ?
Ans.
Only hydrogen gas as a source of energy is pollution

free. It is because, the product formed is water which
does not cause any pollution.
Q.14.
Compare and contrast bio-mass and hydroelectricity as sources of energy.
Ans.
Bio-mass
Hydroelectricity
1. Energy is produced
in the form of heat.
1. Solar energy is
produced due to fusion
of hydrogen atoms in
the core of Sun.
2. The chemical energy 2. Solar energy is

in biomass changes
produced due to
into heat energy.
nuclear fusion and does

not need air or oxygen.
3. It is a dirty source of
3. Solar energy consists
energy and causes lot
of light rays, ultraviolet
of environmental
rays, Xrays, infra-red
pollution.
rays and radio rays.
4. It requires very small 4. Hydrogen atoms on

space for generation.
fusion do not produce

harmful products.
5. No investment is
5. Solar energy reaching
required in its
the earth is in the
generation.
diffused form.
Q.15.
What are the limitations of extracting energy

from :
(a) the wind, (b) the waves, (c) the tides.
Ans. (a) 1. Wind farms can be established only at few

1
places where wind speed is more than 15 kmh

for most part of the year.
2. It requires a very large land area and that too

infertile. It is because good land is required for
cultivation.
3. Speed of wind is not uniform and hence the
quality of electric energy generated is not
consistent.
(b) Sea waves have enormous kinetic energy.
However, no workable technology has been
developed so far to extract this energy.
(c) Tidal energy can be extracted only at few places
where there are narrow bays and the water level
rises and falls appreciably.
Q.16.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of

using a solar cooker? Are there places where
solar cookers will have limited utility.
Ans.
Advantage :
(i) The solar radiant heat is free of cost
(ii) The solar radiant heat does not cause any
pollution
(iii) Solar cooker is very easy and cheap to construct.
Disadvantages :
(i) It is slow to cook food. Normally, it takes 2 to 4
hours to cook rice
(ii) It does not work during night or on cloudy days.
(iii) It is a quite bulky and needs adjustments after
every hour so as to capture maximum of solar
energy.
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The places on the earth where bright sunlight is

only for a few hour a day are unfit for cooking
food in solar cooker.
Q.17.
What are the environmental consequences of the

increasing demand for energy? What steps would
you suggest to reduce energy consumption.
Ans.
Exploiting any source of energy invariably disturbs

the ecological balance and the environment. The
fossil fuels used as source of energy pollute the
atmosphere and cause global warming. This in turn
are changing weather patterns and crop cycles. This
may lead to droughts, crops failure or melting of
polar ice caps.
Using wind energy or water energy requires
enormous amount of land. It also disturbs the local
eco-system and displaces lot of people.
The only way out of this mess is that we should
conserve the energy as far as possible and stop its
wasteful use. For example, for covering short
11
distances we should either walk on foot or use

bicycles. In homes we should switch on the different
devices only when absolutely necessary. Similarly,
we must develop better machines which consume
least possible energy.
Q.18.
Why are we looking at alternate sources of

energy?
Ans.
The conventional sources of energy such as coal,

petroleum products, natural gas, etc., produce lot of
pollution and will exhaust in another 50 to 100 years,
leaving us without any reliable sources of energy.
Thus, there is a need for alternate sources of energy.
Q.19.
Hydrogen has been used as a rocket fuel. Would

you consider it cleaner than CNG? Why or why
not ?
Ans.
It is a cleaner than CNG.

The product of combustion of hydrogen is only
water, which is non-polluting. The product of
combustion of CNG is carbon dioxide and water.
12
Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, which cuases

global warming.
Q.20.
Why is the solar cooker covered with a plane

glass?
Ans.
The glass plate will allow the solar energy to pass

through it as it is transparent to the radiant heat of
smaller wavelength. However, when the object with
blackened surface gets hot within the box and
radiates out radiant heat, the glass will not allow
these radiations to pass through, as they are of longer
wavelength. Thus, radiant solar energy is trapped
within the solar cooker on account of plate glass.
Q.21.
What are the limitations of energy that can be

obtained from the ocean?
Ans.
Following are the two ways in which useful energy

from water of ocean can be obtained :
(i) Tidal energy : This energy is formed by rising and
falling water in tides.
(ii) Ocean thermal energy : This energy is possessed
by the difference in temperature between warm
13
surface water heated by sun and colder water

found at ocean depths.
Q.22.
Ans.
Q.23.
Ans.
What is geothermal energy?

The interior regions of earths crust are very hot. The
temperature is so high that even rocks are in molten
state. If this heat is utilized as a source of energy, it
is called geothermal energy.
What are the advantages of nuclear energy?
The nuclear energy when used in controlled manner
can be advantageous in the following ways :
(i) In curing of diseases like cancer.
(ii) Radio-isotopes used in various fields like
industry, agriculture, science etc.
(iii) Preservation of food i.e., potatoes can be
preserved for long periods by exposure to r-rays.
(iv) In determining age of archaeological remains of
wood by carbon-dating.
Q.24.
Name two energy sources that you would consider

to be renewable. Give reasons for your choice.
14
Ans.
The two renewable sources of energy are trees and

bio-mass because these can be regenerated over a
reasonable time.
Q.25.
Give the names of energy sources that you would

consider to be exhaustible. Give reasons for your
choice.
Ans.
The energy sources that is considered to be

renewable is fossil fuel because its depletion is more
than the rate of regeneration.
15

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CBSEPracticalSkills.

TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS AND THEIR ANSWERS

What is a good source of energy.

A good source of energy is one which : (i) is

What is good fuel?

A good fuel is one which : (i) could liberate large

If you could use any source of energy for heating

I will use LPG or CNG gas. It is because, (i) it is

Why are we looking at alternate sources of

The conventional sources of energy such as coal,

Which one of the following is not an example of

(b) Gobar gas

(c) Nuclear energy

(c) The nuclear energy is not an example of bio-mass

What are the disadvantages of fossil fuels?

Ans. (a) Fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum on

On what basis would you classify energy sources

Ans. (a) The sources of energy such as trees and bio-mass

reasonable time span such as 10 to 20 years, are

depletion is larger than the rate of regeneration are

How has the traditional use of wind and water

The kinetic energy possessed by the fast flowing

The electric energy so produced is then transmitted

Compare and contrast fossil fuels and the Sun as

Fossil fuels as source

1. Fossil energy can be

Suns energy can be

used any time during

used only during day

2. The stock of fossil

produce fossil fuel.

Solar energy is totally

5. Fossil fuels release

Solar energy is due to

energy when they are

the nuclear fusion

burnt in air or oxygen.

What are the qualities of an ideal source of

An ideal source of energy should be :

A solar water heater cannot be used to get hot

(a) a sunny day

(b) a cloudy day

(c) a hot day

(d) a windy day.

(b) a cloudy day is the correct option.

(a) geothermal energy,

(b) wind energy,

(c) nuclear energy,

(c) nuclear energy is the correct option.

Only hydrogen gas as a source of energy is pollution

Compare and contrast bio-mass and hydroelectricity as sources of energy.

2. The chemical energy 2. Solar energy is

into heat energy.

nuclear fusion and does

3. Solar energy consists

energy and causes lot

of light rays, ultraviolet

rays, Xrays, infra-red

rays and radio rays.

4. It requires very small 4. Hydrogen atoms on

fusion do not produce

5. Solar energy reaching

the earth is in the