TRANSPORTATION LAW

COURSE SYLLABUS
nd
2 SEMESTER, SY 2015-2016
Maritime Commerce
I.

Vessels
A. Meaning; status; registration
a. Sections 3 (b) and 12 (a) of P.D. No. 474
b. Sections 3 (f) and 10 of R.A. No. 9295
c. Sections 12 and 14 of E.O. 125-A
d. Article 585 of Commercial Code (CCom)
e. Section 810 of Tariff and Customs Code
B. Acquisition of vessels
a. Articles 573 and 574 of CCom
b. Article 712 of CC
c. Judicial and voluntary sale (Articles 576-582 of CCom)
Rubiso v. Rivera, October 30, 1917

II.

Persons participating in Maritime Commerce

A. Shipowners and ship agents (Articles 585 of CCom)
(Read the cases under Limited Liability Rule)
NDC v. CA, 164 SCRA 593
Phil-Am General v. CA, 273 SCRA 262
Heirs of Amparo De Los Santos v. CA, 186 SCRA 649
Yu v. Ossorio, June 14, 1922
B. Captains and masters of vessel
i. Qualifications
ii. Powers (Articles 610 and 611 of CCom)
iii. Duties (Articles 612, 622-625 of CCom)
Inter-Orient Maritime v. NLRC, 235 SCRA 268
Wildvalley Shipping v. CA, October 6, 2000
iv. Prohibited Acts (Articles 613, 615, 617, 621, 580, and 583 of CCom)
v. Liabilities (Article 614-615, 619-620 of CCom)
Sweet Lines v. CA, 121 SCRA 769
C. Harbor pilots
Far Eastern Shipping v. CA, 297 SCRA 30
D. Officers and crew (Art. 627-633 of CCom)
i. Sailing mate (Articles 627-631 of CCom)
ii. Second mate (Articles 632 and 633 of CCom)
iii. Crew or sailors (Article 634 of CCom)
1. Duties and liabilities (Article 635 of CCom)
2. Rights (Articles 644-645, 636-638, 640-641, 643, 647 of CCom)
Singa Ship v. NLRC, 276 SCRA 201
Madrigal v. Ogilvie, October 30, 1958
E. Supercargoes (Articles 649 and 651 of CCom)
F. Complement of the ship (Article 648 of CCom)

III.

Limited Liability Rule (Articles 586-590 of CCom)

A. Abandonment (article 587 of CCom)
B. When applicable (Articles 587, 590, 837, 643 of CCom)
C. Exceptions
Yangco v. Laserna, 73 Phil. 330
Chua Yek Hong v. IAC, 166 SCRA 183
Monarch Insurance v. CA, June 8, 2000
Aboitiz Shipping v. New India Insurance, 488 SCRA 563
Yeung Sheung Exchange v. Urrutia, 12 Phil. 747
D. How claims are satisfied
Aboitiz Shipping v. General Accident, 217 SCRA 359

IV.

Risk, Damages, and Accidents in Maritime Commerce

A. Averages (Articles 806-816, 665-677, 732 of CCom)
i. Definition (Article 806 of CCom)
ii. Ordinary or Petty Expenses (Article 807 of CCom)
iii. Simple or Particular Average (Articles 809 and 810 of CCom)
iv. General Average
1. Requisites, inclusions (Article 811 of CCom)
2. Formalities (Articles 813 and 814 of CCom)
3. Jettison (Articles 815-816 of CCom)
4. Jason Clause (Rule D, York-Antwerp Rules)
Philippine Home Assurance v. CA, 257 SCRA 468
Standard Oil Co. v. Castelo, October 18, 1921
Magsaysay, Inc. v. Agan, January 31, 1955
International Harvester v. Hamburg American, July 29, 1918
Compagnie de Commerce v. Hamburg American, March 31, 1917
B. Maritime Protest
i. When proper
a. Arrival under stress (Article 612 of CCom)
b. Shipwreck (Articles 612, 624, and 840-843 of CCom)
c. Hurricane (Article 624 of CCom)
d. Maritime collision (Article 835 and 836 of CCom)
C. Collision (Articles 827-839)
i. Doctrine of Inscrutable Fault
ii. Rules on Collision of Vessels (Articles 826-828, 830-832 of CCom)
iii. Doctrine of Error in Extremis
Lopez v. Duruelo, October 22, 1928
Manila Steamship v. Abdulhaman, 100 Phil. 32
Smith Bell v. CA, 197 SCRA 201
Mecenas v. CA, 180 SCRA 83
Luzon Stevedoring Corp. v. CA, 156 SCRA 169
D. Salvage Law (Act. No. 2616)
i. Definition (Section 1)
ii. Requirements for Compensation (Section 1)
iii. Amount of Reward or Compensation (Section 10)
iv. Who is entitled to reward (Sections 12 and 13)
Barrios v. Go Thong, 7 SCRA 535

V.

Special Contracts of Maritime Commerce

A. Charter Party (Articles 652-692 of CCom)
i. Kinds
ii. Effects
iii. Formal and substantial requirements (Article 652 of CCom)
iv. Right to Rescind (Article 688 and 689 of CCom)
Planters Products v. CA, 226 SCRA 476
Caltex v. Sulpicio Lines, 315 SCRA 709
B. Bill of Lading (Articles 350-375, 709-718 of CCom)
i. Definition
Compania Maritima v. Insurance Co. of Northern America, 12 SCRA 213
ii. Functions or 3-fold character of a BL
Telengtan Bros. v. CA, September 21, 1994
Keng Hua Paper Products v. CA, 286 SCRA 257
Belgian Overseas Chartering v. Phil. First Ins. Co., June 5, 2002
Macam v. CA, August 25, 1999
iii. Kinds of BL
Magellan Manufacturing v. CA, 201 SCRA 102
iv. Period for bringing a claim (Article 366 of CCOm, Articles 1144, 1145, and 1148 of
CC)
Roldan v. Lim Ponzo, 37 Phil. 285
New Zealand v. Chua Joy, 97 Phil. 646
C. Loans on Bottomry and Respondentia (Articles 719-736 of CCom)

VI.

Carriage of Goods by Sea Act (COGSA)

A. Coverage
American Insurance v. Compania Maritima, 21 SCRA 998
B. Procedure in case of loss or damage of cargo (Section 3 (6))
C. Prescriptive period (Section 3 (6))
i. Failure to give notice EE Elser v. CA, Nov 29, 1954
ii. Failure to bring action Maritime Agencies v. CA, 187 SCRA 346
iii. In collision cases Maritime Co. v. CA, 164 SCRA 593
iv. In case of damage caused by delay of late delivery Mitsui v. CA, 287 SCRA 366
v. Effect of extrajudicial demand DOLE v. Maritime Co., 148 SCRA 118
vi. Insurer exercising the right of subrogation Fil. Merchants v. CA, 179 SCRA 638
vii. Claim against insurance proceeds Mayer Steel v. CA, 274 SCRA 432
viii. Interruption of period
F.H. Stevens v. Nordeutscher Lloyd, 6 SCRA 180
Universal Shipping v. IAC, 188 SCRA 170
D. Limit of Carriers Liability (section 4 (5) (1))