Author

(year) Topic of the article, Name

of the Journal, vol issue no (APA)
1 A reference for professionals :
Developing adoloscence. (2002).
Retrieved 7 February 2016, from
https://www.apa.org/pi/families/resourc
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S.No

2 Garre, J. (2016). Cognitive Development

and its Relevancy in Youth Development.
Competent Youth. Retrieved 7 February
2016, from
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3 Sanz-de-Galdeano, A., & Vuri, D. (2004).
Does Parental Divorce Affect
Adolescents' Cognitive Development?
Evidence from Longitudinal Data.
Papers.ssrn.com. Retrieved 7 February
2016, from
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abstract_id=569164&download=yes
4 Behrman, J., Hoddinott, J., Maluccio, J.,
Soler-Hampejsek, E., Behrman, E., &
Martorell, R. et al. What Determines
Adult Cognitive Skills? Impacts of PreSchooling, Schooling and Post-Schooling
Experiences in Guatemala. SSRN
Electronic Journal.
doi:10.2139/ssrn.947480

5 Paxson, C., & Schady, N. Cognitive

Development Among Young Children in
Ecuador: The Roles of Wealth, Health,
and Parenting. SSRN Electronic Journal.
doi:10.2139/ssrn.753548

6 Rahele, H. Z. (2013). FACTORS PLAY IN

CHILDREN'S COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT.
Arabian Journal of Business and
Management Review (Oman Chapter),
2(6), 30-32. Retrieved from
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7 Mayo, Sandra, and Patricia J. Larke.
"Multicultural Education Transformation
in Higher Education: Getting Faculty to
"buy In"" Journal of Case Studies in
Education 1 (2011): 1-9. ProQuest
Business Collection . Web. 2 Feb. 2016.

8 Porco, M. (2003). Factors affecting the

cognitive moral development of
undergraduate accounting students:
Ethics education, internships,
volunteerism, and Beta Alpha Psi.
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9 Parks, J., & , V. (2012). The Importance

of Teaching Multiculturalism & Diversity -
Hatch. Hatch. Retrieved 2 February 2016,
from
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10 Ameny, G. Why Multicultural Education Is
more important In higher education now
than ever: A Global Perspective.
Retrieved 2 February 2016, from
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M. Why Multicultural Education is More
Important in Higher Education Now than
Ever.pdf
11 Townsend, P., & Wan, C. (2007). The
impact of multicultural experience in the
development of socio-cultural adaptation
for international business students.
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12 McCarthy, E., Sen, A., & Garrity, B.
(2012). CROSS-BORDER EDUCATION:
FACTORS INFLUENCING CANADIAN
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14 Gay, G. (2004). Importance of

multicultural education. Retrieved 2
February 2016, from
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Major finding in bullet points (Please avoid writing sentence)

1. Congnitive competence includes ability to reason effectively, problem solve, think abstractly and reflect, and plan
for the future.
2. Level of maturity and development
3. Professionals directly impact the cognitive development
4. The type of course they undertake during their college life
5. Learning disablities, emotinal distress like anxiety and depression negatively effects cogntitve functioning
1. Cognitive development is 'change in cognitive structures' and 'increasing complexity of awareness, including
perceiving, conceiving, reasoning, and judging, through adaptation to the environment and assimilation of
information'
2. Zone of proximal development and 'scaffolding' ( the idea to push the earner to next logical step )
3. Role of adults and mentors.
- Framing overall goals, nurturing their ideas, assist in evolving theories, support and encouragement
-provide guidance
Long term and short term effects of Parental divorce on cognitive development in youth.
- impact of parental divorce doesnot significantly differ across groups of adolescents.
- parental divorce does not have a negative causal effect on teenagers' cognitive development
- parental divorce does not appear to be more detrimental in the long run
than in the short run.

1. Adult males perform significantly better on the tests of adult cognitive skills than do adult females.
2. Schooling attainment has a significant and substantial impact on adult reading-comprehension
cognitive skills but probably not a significant impact on adult nonverbalcognitive skills.
3.Both pre-schooling and post-schooling experiences have substantial positive significant impacts
on adult cognitive skills.
4.Age also has significant positive impact with diminishing returns on adult reading-comprehension cognitive skills,
probably because of learning with experience.

The role of wealth , health and Parenting in cognitive development in youth.

A.Health
a. Haemoglobin levels ( High, better the development )
b. Nutrition level
B. Wealth ( Directly related)
C. Parenting
a. Parental responsitivity and punitiveness
b. Education of parents
c. Mother's age
d. Parent's cognitive abitilty ( directly related to child's cognitive abitlity if inherited)
Role of playing games in cognitve development
1. Companionship with others
2. Activation of thinking and intellignce
3. Responsibility, responsiveness, adaptability , development of leadership

A. Why Multicultural education?

1. Multi-perspective critical thinking
2. Potential to increase retention
3. Classroom dynamics
4.Networking, improved student responses, research opportunities and incentives, and consultant opportunities
5.Discipline specific multicultural content enrichment ideas
6. Nurture sensititvity,tolerance and mutual respect
7.The promotion of the values of diversity and equal opportunity for all people through understanding of the
contributions and perspectives of people of differing race, ethnicity, culture, language, religion, gender, sexual
orientation, and physical abilities and disabilities.
8. Social change
9. (Benefits from teaching perspective)
a. Content integration
b. [enhanced awareness of] knowledge construction,
c. Prejudice reduction
d. equity pedagogy, and
e. An empowering school culture.
Factors affecting cognitive development:
1.Internship experiences
2. Member in cultural/co-curricular societies
3.Volunteerism
4. Participation in student government
5. Attendance at religious affiliated teaching institutions

Effect of Multi-cultural education

1.Improve positive socialization behaviors among children
2.Positive self-regard in ones own culture and positive attitudes toward the culture of others
3.Promote close working relationships among the school, home, and community

Advantages of multi-cultural education

1. Cultural pluralism
2. Increases positive relationship
3. Decreases stereotyping and prejudices
4. increases creative problem solving skills
5.understanding and learning to negotiate cultural diversity among nations

Impact of multicultural education in personality development:

1. Intercultural social skills
2.Emphasise cultural understanding and synthesis based on trust and mutual appreciation of differences
3.Factors affecting multicultural education: cultural environment, the length of time spent in that environment and
the quality of multicultural experience
4. Stages of adaptation to multicultural environment: honeymoon, culture shock and finally adjustment to the host
culture environment

Factors effecting choice of global education:

1. Cost of education, academic superiority in host nation, student experience, language proficiency, employment
opportunities, and lack of educational opportunities in home country.
2. Push-pull factors (knowledge and awareness, recommendations from family and friends, cost issues, environment
issues, social links, and geographical proximity).

Facots affecting cognitive development:

1. Biological Factors
a. Sense Organs
b. Intelligence
c. Heredity
d. Maturation
2.Environmental factors
a. Learning opportunities
b.Economic status
c.Learning opportunities
d. play
e.Various type of stimuli

Contents of multicultural education :

1.learning climate, instructional delivery, leadership and evaluation
2. Subject and skill based learning

Varible used in the article

1. Level of maturity
2. Learning disabilities
3. emotional disturbances
4. college life

1. Adults and mentors

2. encouragement and support
of ideas

1. parental divorce
2 cognitive development

1. Adult reading-coprehension
cognitive skills
2. Adult non-verbal cognitive
skiils
3. Life-cycle stage experiences
a. Pre-schooling experience
b. Post-schooling experiece (
tenure in skilled occupations ,
migration to a different city ,
age
4. Initial conditions
a. Wealth and parental
schooling attaintment in
childhood
b. Genetic and other
endowments

Research model or tools used in Limitations or scope for future

the article
research mentioned in the article

1. Cognitive development
Regression Analysis
2. Parenting - mother's health ,
cognitive ability of parents
3. Wealth - poorer children
4. Health - haemoglobin levels,
nutrition levels

1. Play therapy
2. Good morals and social traits
3. games

1. Multicultural education
2. Personality development
3. Diversity

1. Multicultural education
2. Cognitive development
3. Ethics
4. External environment

1. Multicultural environment
2. Cultural diversity
3. Relationships -
Positive,negative

1. Multicultural environment
2. Cultural diversity
3. Relationships -
Positive,negative

1. Stages of adaption
2. Multicultural education
3. Cultural understanding
4.Factors
5. Cognitive development

1. International education
2. Factors effecting choice of
International education

1. Factors
2. Cognitive development
3. Biological and
environmental factors

1.The theory of "the assimilation"

or "the melting pot"
2.Conceptual framework of the
global view of Multicultural
environment

1. Multicultural education
2. Learning
3. Diversity