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13/04/2016

GLOBOCAN 2012

GLOBOCAN 2012
Data Sources and Methods

INDIA

Data sources and methods (summary) - Indice of quality (C5)


Incidence
Data: high quality regional (coverage lower than 10%).
Method: estimated as the weighted average of the local rates.
Mortality
Data: other sources (cancer registries, verbal autopsy surveys etc.)
Method: estimated from national incidence estimates by modelling, using country-specific survival.
Methods (detailed)
Incidence
We first estimated the urban and rural populations by state, sex and age in 2005 and 2012 by applying the estimated
urban:rural ratios in 2005 and 2012 (source UN) to the estimated total population of India in 2005 and 2012 respectively
(source UN), and partitioning these by state, sex- and age- using proportions from the 2001 census.
The national incidence was estimated as follows:
1. Incidence rates for the North-Eastern region (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, Meghalaya
and Sikkim states) were computed using population weighted average of the rates observed in Dibrugarh District,
Kamrup urban disrict, Mizoram and Sikkim states for the period (2006-2008, source NPCR) and applied to the
corresponding 2012 population.
2. For the other states of India, two sets of sex- and site-specific urban to rural (U:R) ratios of age-standardised rates
were prepared. One using the mortality rates from the Million Deaths Study for the digestive tract cancers
(oesophagus, stomach, colorectal, liver and pancreas) and another one using pooled Chennai, Mumbai and
Poona versus Ambilikai (Dindigul district), Aurangabad and Barshi cancer registries for the remaining cancer
sites.
3. Site, sex and age-specific incidence rates around 2005 for urban areas were computed as the population
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13/04/2016

GLOBOCAN 2012

weighted average in four geographic regions:


1. North: Delhi, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Chandigarh, Uttaranchal, Haryana and Uttar
Pradesh states using rates observed in Delhi.
2. East: West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand and Orissa states using rates observed in Kolkata (2006-2007,
source NPCR).
3. Central-West: Gujarat, Rajasthan, Daman & Diu, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chattisgarh and Dadra &
Nagar Haveli states using the population weighted average of the rates recorded in Bhopal, Mumbai,
Nagpur and Pune cancer registries.
4. South: Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Lakshadweep, Pondicherry and Andaman &
Nicobar Islands states using the population weighted average of the rates recorded in Bangalore and
Chennai cancer registries.
4. The corresponding region-specific rural incidence rates for 2005 using U:R ratios of ASR calculated in step (2)
were computed, except for breast (C50) and cervical (C53) cancers for which age-specific U:R ratios were used.
5. We applied the rural rates estimates (around 2005) to their corresponding estimated 2012 population assuming
constant rates. The four sets of urban rates around 2005 were projected to 2012 using sex- and site-specific
estimated annual percent changes (EAPC) of ASR computed using data from Chennai, Delhi and Mumbai cancer
registries for the period 1998-2007. These projected urban rates were applied to their corresponding estimated
2012 populations.
The overall incidence estimate for India for 2012 is the sum of the Eastern states and of the other rural and urban states.
Mortality
National cancer mortality was estimated using 5-year relative survival by site (all ages) in rural and urban Indian cancer
registries (Sankar et al, 2009) applied to the estimated 2012 rural and urban incidence, and a combined urban+rural 5year relative survival to the estimated 2012 incidence in the Eastern States. The number of cancer deaths (all ages) was
partitioned by age using proportions from Bhopal, Chennai and Kolkata (2003-2007) cancer mortality data. For gallbladder
cancer (C23-24) and melanoma of skin (C43), incidence to mortality ratios were computed using data from Bhopal,
Chennai and Kolkata cancer registry incidence and mortality data.
References:
National Cancer Registry Programme, Indian Council of Medical Research, Three-year Report of of Population
Based Cancer Registries 2006-2008, Bangalore, 2010 (available at http://www.ncrpindia.org/index.aspx, accessed
08-04-2013).
Cancer Incidence in Sri Lanka in 2000. Cancer Institute, Maharagama, Sri Lanka. National Cancer Control
Programme, 2007.
Dikshit R, Gupta PC, Ramasundarahettige C, Gajalakshmi V, Aleksandrowicz L, Badwe R, Kumar R, Roy S,
Suraweera W, Bray F, Mallath M, Singh PK, Sinha DN, Shet AS, Gelband H, Jha P; Million Death Study
Collaborators. Cancer mortality in India: a nationally representative survey. Lancet. 2012 May 12;379 (9828):180716.

Section of Cancer Surveillance (IARC). The map was extracted from the CIA World Fact Book.
IARC, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France - Tel: +33 (0)4 72 73 84 85 - Fax: +33 (0)4 72 73 85 75
IARC 2013 - All Rights Reserved - Email: www@iarc.fr

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