-

1 -1 :

.

2-1 :
-1 :
(
) ( ).
-2 :

.
-3 :


.
- 4 :

.

3-1 :
:
-1 .
-2 .
-5 .

1-3-1 :
-1 (:)LAN
(
)
.
-2 (: )WAN

.
-3 :

.

2-3-1 :
-1 :




.
-2 /:
""
" "
.

3-3-1 :
-1(Bus):

.

-2(Star):

-3(Ring):
( )

.

4-1 :

) (OSI
. :

.1 : .
.2 :
.
.3 : .
.4 :
.
.5 :
.
.6 : .
.7 :
.

5-1
Repeater -1:

)(Repeater

Physical

.

.


Hub -2 :
Port
hub .
Bridge -3:
LAN
routing table
.
Switch -4:
bridge
Data-link OSI Model Hub
switch 8 8
2 6 . Broadcast
Router -5 :
Network OSI
Model :-
) (Operate Logical Address IP address Gateway -6
OSI Model


.

6-1
1-6-1
-1 ( )Network Card ( )
-2 Twisted Pair HUB
-3 RJ45
-4 ( HUB )
-5 Windows XP

2-6-1

8
RJ

 -
:

U.T.B

Hub

Hub