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Name _______________________________________________________ Date

________________

Chapter 3
Student Version
Chapter 3 Objectives:

Explain how rules are used to facilitate communication.


Explain the role of protocols and standards organizations in facilitating
interoperability in network communications.
Explain how devices on a LAN access resources in a small to medium-sized
business network.

Required Materials:
Reading Organizer
Packet Tracer Activities: 3.2.4.6 Packet Tracer - Investigating the TCP-IP and OSI Models in
Action Instructions

3.3.3.3 Packet Tracer - Explore a Network Instructions


Labs: 3.0.1.2
3.2.3.6
3.2.4.7
3.3.3.4
3.4.1.1

Class Activity - Let's just talk about this... Instructions


Lab - Researching Networking Standards
Lab - Researching RFCs
Lab - Using Wireshark to View Network Traffic
Class Activity Guaranteed to Work Instructor Planning Document

Chapter Test

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Robb Jones
Chapter 3

Frederick County Career & Tech Center, MD

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Points__________ / __244___

Name__________________________________________________________ Date
________________

Chapter 3
Reading Organizer
Student Version

Note: the Reading Organizer has weighted scoring. Any question with the word
explain or define in it is expected to have a longer answer and is worth two
points each.
After completion of this chapter, you should be able to:

Explain how rules are used to facilitate communication.


Explain the role of protocols and standards organizations in facilitating
interoperability in network communications.
Explain how devices on a LAN access resources in a small to medium-sized
business network.

3.1 Rules of Communication


1. All communication methods have three elements in common, these are?
a. sender
b. source
c. Media
2. List the common computer protocols.
a. Message ecoding
b.Message formatting and ecapalation
c. size
d.timing
e.encoding
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3. The first step to sending a message is encoding it. What is encoding?

4. How is decoding different from encoding?

5. What is encapsulation?
Taking the letter and putting it into an envelope

6. Explain how long messages or large frames are handled in a network to ensure
delivery?

7. Explain the following terms.


a. Message Timing

b. Access Method determines a person can send a message

c. Collision when people talk in the same time,


d. Flow Control affects the timing and speed of determined

e. Response Timeout Hosts on the network have rules that specify the
response time and what to do when there is no response

8. Explain the following terms.


a. Unicast Sending from one to - one

b. Multicast Host uses One- To -Many

c. Broadcast If everyone needs to know

3.2 Network Protocols and Standards


9. Explain what a protocol suite is and what devices implement or use them?
Group of related protocol thats necessary to commit a protocol function
implemented by hosts
10. What is a protocol stack?
Individual protocols in the suite is implemented

Cisco Semester 1 Introduction to Networks 5.0


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Robb Jones
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11. In a protocol stack the protocols are viewed in terms of layers. How do these
layers interact with each other?
The ones on the top are depended on the ones
on the bottom in a stack

12. What do the lower layers in the protocol stack focus on?
a. moving data over the network
b. Providing serves to the upper layers
12. What do the upper layers in the protocol stack focus on?
The contents of the message being sent

13. What are the three layers in the protocol stack?


a. Physical
b. content
c. rules
14. For devices to successfully communicate, a network protocol suite must
describe precise requirements and interactions. What do networking protocols
define?
A common format with a set of rules for devices to communicate

15. List some common networking protocols.


a. IP
b. THCP
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c. HTTP
16. Describe some of the processes networking protocols are responsible for.
a. How the message is formatted
b. the process of which the devices share information of pathways with other
networks
c.How and when error messages are shared between devices ta pass bet
d. set up and terminations of the data transfor sessions
17. Explain in detail how the following protocols operate. (in detail means more than
one sentence)

Application Protocol - Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Transport Protocol - Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Internet Protocol IP

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Robb Jones
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Network Access Protocols

18. The protocols IP, HTTP, and DHCP are all part of the Internet protocol suite
known as:

19. The TCP/IP protocol suite is an open standard. Explain what that means.

20. Explain what a standards-based protocol is.

21. Explain in detail why its important to have standard based protocols.

22. Explain in detail what proprietary protocols are.

23. Is Ciscos EIGRP routing protocol proprietary or non-proprietary?

24. The IP suite is a suite of protocols required for transmitting and receiving
information using the Internet. It is commonly known as ___________________.
25. What year was the TCP and IP protocols formalized?

26. What year did Cisco launch its first routing innovation?

27. Explain the protocol steps involved in during the communication process after
a remote computer requests a webpage from a web server.
a.

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b.

c.

d.

e.

f.
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g.

h.

28. Fill in the correct protocols.

Cisco Semester 1 Introduction to Networks 5.0


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Robb Jones
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Frederick County Career & Tech Center, MD

29. Standards organizations are usually __________________________,


_________________________ established to develop and promote the concept of open
standards.
30. Explain the function and responsibility of each of the following standards
organizations.
a. The Internet Society (ISOC)

b. The Internet Architecture Board (IAB)


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c. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

d. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) pronounced Itriple-E

e. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

f. The Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA)

g. The Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA)


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h. The International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunication Standardization


Sector (ITU-T)

i. The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)

j. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)

31. The IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.11 standards are significant IEEE standards in
computer networking. Explain why.
a. 802.3
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b. 802.11

32. Match the standards organization to its correct description.

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Robb Jones
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Frederick County Career & Tech Center, MD

33. Explain the benefits to using a layered model to describe network protocols
and operations.
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a.

b.

c.

d.

34. There are two basic types of networking models. Explain both:
a. Protocol model

b. Reference model

35. What are the two most commonly used network models when discussing
network functionality?
Cisco Semester 1 Introduction to Networks 5.0
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Robb Jones
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a.
b.
36. Fill in the correct information to complete the two network models.

37. Explain what happens at each of the OSI model layers.


a. Application Layer

b. Presentation Layer

c. Session Layer
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d. Transport Layer the transport diffence segments and reassembles them


in between end devices

e. Network Layer
Provides services that exchange the indivisual pieces of data over the
network

f. Data Link Layer


Protocal describe methods for data frams over a device of common media

g. Physical Layer
describe nechanical and eleconical and procedional means to activate

38. Explain what happens at each of the TCP/IP model layers.


a. Application Layer
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resoesent data to the user plus encoding

b. Transport Layer
supports communicate between diverse networks

c. Internet Layer
determines the best path through the network

d. Network Access Layer


control hardware device and media

39. Match the following terms to their definitions.


Data Link
Presentation
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Manages data exchange


Bit Transmission

Session

Data Representation

Network

Exchanges frames between devices

Physical

Provides a data path or route

Application

Exchanges frames between devices

Network Access

Segments, transfers, and reassembles data

Transport

Determines the best path through a network

Internet

Organizes dialog manages data exchange

3.3 Moving Data in the Network


40. What is segmentation?
Breaking more data in smaller pieces

41. What are two primary benefits to segmenting data over a network?
a.Sending smaller pieces many convo can go on at a time

b. increase the liability

42. The process used to interleave the pieces of separate conversations together
on the network is called?
Multi-Plexing

43. What is the downside to using segmentation and multiplexing to transmit


messages across a network? Extra layer of complicaty
Cisco Semester 1 Introduction to Networks 5.0
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44. As application data is passed down the protocol stack on its way to be
transmitted across the network media, various protocols add information to it at
each level. This is commonly known as?
In caplsulation
45. Explain what data encapsulation is.
Adds additional header to data before transmittion

46. How does de-encapsulation differ from encapsulation?


De-encapulation detaches the header while encapsulation adds a header

47. Fill in the blanks on the graphic with the correct PDU name.

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48. OSI model describes the processes of encoding, formatting, segmenting, and
encapsulating data for transmission over the network. What happens at the
network layer and data link layer?
Theyre responsible the data resource to the reciver

49. A Layer 3 or Network layer IP address has two parts, list and explain both.
a. _______prefix used by router__________________________ b. ___________________host delivers the packet________________ -

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Robb Jones
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50. An IP packet contains two IP addresses, list and explain both.


Physical

logical
b. ___________________________________ -

51. What is the purpose of a data link address?

Dns
Or matbe a\entered in the thing manually

52. What are other names for a data link address?


a.
b.
c.
53. Which two addresses are required to send data to another host on the same
network?
a.
b.
54. How can a source host can learn the numeric destination IP address of another
host?
a.
b.
55. What is Address Resolution Protocol or ARP used for?
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To descover mac adress

56. Explain in detail how Address Resolution Protocol or ARP works?

57. Explain how a host sends a message to another host located on the same
network?

58. Explain how a host sends a message to a remote network?

Cisco Semester 1 Introduction to Networks 5.0


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Robb Jones
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Frederick County Career & Tech Center, MD

59. If no default gateway address is configured in the host TCP/IP settings, or if the
wrong default gateway is specified, what happens to messages addressed to hosts
on remote networks?

60. How does a local host learn the MAC address of its default gateway router?

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