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PositiveIsolationEnggcyclopedia

Enggcyclopedia

CALCULATORS

PROCESS DESIGN
EQUIPMENTS
INSTRUMENTATION
PIPING
SOLVED EXAMPLES
CONTRACTORS & SUPPLIERS

PIPING SPECIAL PIPING FITTINGS

Positive Isolation
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The primary objective of positive isolation is to

provide a safe environment for performing
maintenance, repair or replacement operations
on process facilities.
Positive isolation while performing maintenance
or repair activities on process facilities means
that,
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All the hazardous energy sources must be

identi ed
All hazardous energies must be isolated at the
source
Residual energies must be eliminated.
Positive isolation can be provided to equipments
or piping items for maintenance purpose using
various arrangements depending on following
factors,
# rating of the piping
Process uid type - hydrocarbon, utility, toxic
service, non-hazardous etc.
Operational status of the system - shutdown
and depressurized or still in service
Following schematics present a few possible

arrangements for performing positive isolation.

For a system which is shutdown, depressurized

and hydrocarbon free this arrangement can be
followed for providing positive isolation to
individual devices within the depressurized
system. This arrangement simply uses a
removable piping spool and spectacle blind or
blind spade to positively isolate the system after
shutdown and depressurization.
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For a
system
which is
still in
service,
some of
the
devices
within the
system
need to be positively isolated sometimes for
maintenance or repair. In such a case a block
valve is needed to isolate the process side still in
service from equipment requiring maintenance. A
spectacle blind is used to further isolate toxic or
hydrocarbon uids from entering the
maintenance side of the valve and a bleed valve is
commonly used to drain/vent the uids trapped
between block valve and the blind. For lower #
rating systems only a single block valve is used. A
block and bleed valve assembly can be used
instead of separately installing individual valves.

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Systems still in service, which have either high

pressure or toxic or high hydrocarbon containing
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service are referred to as systems with critical

service. For such systems two block valves are
required for additional isolation between
operational process side and device requiring
maintenance. A bleed is used to drain/vent the
uids trapped between the two block valves. A
blind or a spade is used to provide additional
positive isolation. Commonly a double block and
bleed valve assembly is used for this purpose
instead of separately installing individual valves.

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8 Blind or Spectacle Blind
An '8 blind' or a 'spectacle blind'
is a piping

Single Bock and Bleed valve

assembly
Single block and bleed valves
are used to achieve positive

Double Block and Bleed valves

Double block and bleed valves
are used to achieve positive

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double block and bleed

positive isolation

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8 Blind or Spectacle Blind
An '8 blind' or a 'spectacle blind' is
a piping

Single Bock and Bleed valve

assembly
Single block and bleed valves are
used to achieve positive

Double Block and Bleed valves

Double block and bleed valves are
used to achieve positive

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