Verification Manual

CRC Bridging Members in an

Exterior Load-Bearing Wall

CRC 150 Bridging Members in an Exterior Load-Bearing Wall

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SteelSmart System 7.0 SP2

Table of Contents
1. Objective ...........................................................................................................................3
2. Modeling using SteelSmart System....................................................................................4
3. Check of Safety ..................................................................................................................5
3.1 Design for Axial Compressive Load ................................................................................5
3.1.1 Allowable Compressive Strength for Global Buckling ................................................5
3.1.2 Check of Safety for Axial Compression .....................................................................8
3.2 Design for Flexural Moment .........................................................................................9
3.2.1 Allowable Flexural Strength for Initiation of Yielding ................................................9
3.2.2 Check of Safety for Flexure ................................................................................... 11
3.3 Check of Combined Axial Force and Flexural Moment .................................................. 12
3.4 Design of Connections ................................................................................................ 12
4. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................... 12
5. Verification of SteelSmart System ................................................................................... 13

CRC 150 Bridging Members in an Exterior Load-Bearing Wall

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1. Objective
The objective of this verification sample is to check the safety of using Cold-Rolled Channel
(CRC150) as a typical bridging system for an exterior load-bearing wall.
This check should be based on the following parameters:
Design Code: 2012 IBC w/ AISI S100-07/ S2-10
Design Method: ASD
Design Load Combination is D + 0.75L + 0.45W
Wall height = 12 ft
Wall stud section: 600S162-33 mil, 33Ksi
Stud spacing = 24 in.
Bridging members are located @ 48 in. o.c.
Lateral bracing spacing is considered equal to the bridging members spacing
Torsional bracing spacing is considered equal to the bridging members spacing
Bridging members are anchored at 12 ft
Wind load intensity (Iw) = 34 psf
Dead load = 400 lbs
Live load = 600 lbs
Figure 1 shows the setup of the load-bearing wall studs with the CRC150 bridging members.

Figure 1 Setup of Wall Studs with CRC 150 Members

CRC 150 Bridging Members in an Exterior Load-Bearing Wall

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2. Modeling using SteelSmart System

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3. Check of Safety
3.1 Design for Axial Compressive Load
3.1.1 Allowable Compressive Strength for Global Buckling
3.1.1.1 Properties of Section
A

= gross area
= 0.1296 in.2
Cw = warping constant
= 0.001038 in.6
Ix
= moment of inertia about x-axis
= 0.03899 in.4
J
= Saint-Venant torsional constant
= 0.0001384 in.4
Rx = radius of gyration about x-axis
= 0.5485 in.
Ry = radius of gyration about Y-axis
= 0.1449 in.
Ro = polar radius of gyration
= 0.6217 in.
= factor calculated by Equation C4.1.2-3
= 0.8329
3.1.1.2 Nominal Global Buckling Stress (Fn)
KxLx/ Rx = slenderness ratio about x-axis
= 24/0.5485 = 43.755
KyLy/ Ry = slenderness ratio about y-axis
= 24/0.1449 = 165.645
(KL/ R)gov = governing slenderness ratio
= greater of (KxLx/ Rx) and (KyLy/ Ry)
= 165.645
Fe1
= elastic flexural buckling stress
=

2E

(Eq. C4.1.1-1)

2
KL R gov

2
= 29500 = 10.61 ksi

165.645 2

ex

= elastic flexural buckling stress about x-axis

=

2E

K x L x

(Eq. C3.1.2.1-11)

R x 2

2
= 29500 = 152.08 ksi

43.755 2

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= torsional buckling stress

=
=

Fe2

2 ECW
1
GJ

2
ARo
K t Lt 2
1
0.1296 0.6217

2 29500 0.001038
11300 0.0001384

24 2

= 41.7 ksi

= elastic torsional or flexural-torsional buckling stress

=

1
ex t
2

1
152.08 41.7
2 0.8329

ex t 2 4 ex t

= minimum of Fe1 and Fe2

= 10.61 ksi

=
=

(Eq. C4.1.2-1)

Fe

Fn

(Eq. C3.1.2.1-9)

152.08 41.72 4 0.8329 152.08 41.7 = 39.4 ksi

Fy

(Eq. C4.1-4)

Fe
33
= 1.763 > 1.5 (elastic buckling)
10.61

= 0.877 Fy
2
c

(Eq. C4.1-3)

= 0.877 33 = 9.3 ksi

2

1.764

3.1.1.3 Flat Widths of Cross-Section Elements

Considering (B) the flange width, (t) the thickness, (R) the inside bend radius at the corners, and
the rest of dimensions shown in (Figure 3); the flat widths of the elements subjected to
compressive stresses are calculated as follows:

W1

B
R

W2
t

Figure 2 Elements of the CRC 150 Section

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W1

= B (t + R)
= 0.50 - (0.0566+0.0849) = 0.3585 in.
= A 2 (t + R)

W2

= 1.50 - 2 (0.0566+0.0849) = 1.217 in.

3.1.1.4 Effective Area of Stud at Uniform Stress Fn = 9.30 ksi
Element (1)
Element (1) is classified as a uniformly compressed unstiffened element, thus, the plate buckling
coefficient (K) used for the calculation of the effective width of (W1) is taken in accordance with
Section B3.1 (a) AISI S100-12 as 0.43.
The effective width of (W1) can be calculated in accordance with Section B2.1 (a) AISI S100-12 as
follows:Fcr = K

2
12 (1 ) W1

2E

(Eq. B2.1-5)
2

2
= 0.43 29500 0.0566 = 285.77 ksi
2

12 (1 0.3 ) 0.3585

=
=

Fn
Fcr

(Eq. B2.1-4)

9.30
= 0.18 < 0.673
285.77

be-Flange = effective width of (W1)

= W1
= 0.3585 in.

(Eq. B2.1-1)

Element (2)
Element (2) is classified as a uniformly compressed stiffened element, thus, the effective width of
(W2) is determined in accordance with Section B2.1 (a) AISI S100-12 as follows:
K
= plate buckling coefficient
=4
Fcr

=K

2 W
12 (1 ) 2
2E

(Eq. B2.1-5)

2
2
= 4 29500 0.0566 = 230.68 ksi
2

12( 1 0.3 ) 1.217

Fn
Fcr

9.30
= 0.20 < 0.673
230.68

(Eq. B2.1-4)

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be-web

= effective width of (W2)

= W2
= 1.217 in.

(Eq. B2.1-1)

Effective Area
Ae

= effective area of the section

= gross area = 0.1296 in2

3.1.1.5 Allowable Compressive Strength

Pn

Pall

= nominal axial compression strength of the CRC 150 member for global buckling
= AeFn
(Eq. C4.1-1)
= 0.1296*9.30 = 1.205 kips
= allowable compression strength of the CRC 150 member for global buckling
= Pn/c
= 1.205/1.8 = 0.670 kip

3.1.2 Check of Safety for Axial Compression

Pact-stud

= axial force in the wall stud for the (D + 0.75L + 0.45W) load combination
= 400 + 0.75*600 = 850 lbs = 0.85 kip
Pact-sb
= axial force in a single brace
= 0.02 Pact-stud
(Section B3.1 AISI S211-07)
= 0.02*0.85 = 0.017 kip
Pact-anchorage = total axial force in the CRC member at anchorage
= 0.5 Pact-sb(L/ Stud Spacing), where L is the distance of anchorage of bridging
members
= 0.5*0.017*(12/2) = 0.051 kip < (Pall = 0.670 kip) OK

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3.2 Design for Flexural Moment

3.2.1 Allowable Flexural Strength for Initiation of Yielding
3.2.1.1 Effective Widths Calculation - Iteration #1
The effective properties of stud are calculated by loading this stud by a stress gradient (tensioncompression) which has a value of (Fy) at the top fiber of its compression flange (Figure 3).
Ftop= 50 ksi

F1
Yc.g.0

F3

Fbot= 50 ksi

F2

Figure 3 Stress Distribution on Cross-Section at Initiation of Yielding Iteration #1

Element (1)
Element (1) is classified as a uniformly compressed unstiffened element, thus, the plate buckling
coefficient (K) used for the calculation of the effective width of (W2) is taken in accordance with
Section B3.1 (a) AISI S100-12 as 0.43.
The effective width of (W1) is then calculated in accordance with Section B2.1 (a) AISI S100-12 as
follows:
Fcr = K

2
12 (1 ) W1

2E

(Eq. B2.1-5)
2

2
= 0.43 29500 0.0566 = 285.77 ksi
2

12 (1 0.3 ) 0.3585

f1 = compression stress at the centerline of (W1)

= D Ycgo 0.5t F

D Ycgo

= 1.5 0.75 0.0566/ 2 33 = 31.75 ksi

=
=

1.5 0.75

f1
Fcr

(Eq. B2.1-4)

31.75
= 0.333 < 0.673
285.77

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be-Flange = effective width of (W1)

= W1
(Eq. B2.1-1)
= 0.3585 in.
Element (2)
Element (2) is classified as a stiffened element under stress gradient (compressioncompression), thus, the plate buckling coefficient (K) used for the calculation of the effective
width of (W2) is calculated in accordance with Section B2.3 (a) AISI S100-12 as follows:
f1

= compression stress at the upper end of (W2)

Ycgo t R
Fy
=

Y
cgo

= 0.75 0.0566 0.0849 33 = 26.774 ksi

f2

0.75

= tension stress at the lower end of (W2)

D Ycgo t R
Fy
= -

D Ycgo

= - 1.5 0.75 0.0566 0.0849 33 = -26.774 ksi

1.5 0.75

= |f2/ f1|
(Eq. B2.3-1)
= |-26.774/26.744| = 1
K
= 4 + 2(1 + )3 + 2(1 + )
(Eq. B2.3-2)
3
= 4 + 2(1 + 1) + 2(1 + 1) = 24.0
The effective width of (W2) is then calculated in accordance with Section B2.1 (a) AISI S100-12 as
follows:Fcr

=K

2 W
12 (1 ) 2
2E

(Eq. B2.1-5)
2

2
= 24 29500 0.0566 = 1384.083 ksi
2

12 (1- 0.3 ) 1.217

f1
Fcr

26.774 = 0.139 < 0.673

1384.083

(Eq. B2.1-4)

be-web

= effective width of (W2)

= W2
= 1.217 in.
3.2.1.2 Effective Section Modulus
Sxe

(Eq. B2.1-1)

= the effective section modulus

= full section modulus = Sx
= 0.052 in.3

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3.2.1.3 Strength Increase from Cold-Work of forming

= Area of cornersin compression flange

Totalarea of compression flange

Bc

Fyc

0.157rmeant
0.157rmeant W 1t

0.157 * (0.0849 0.5 * 0.0566) * 0.0566

= 0.331
0.157 * (0.0849 0.5 * 0.0566) * 0.0566 0.3585* 0.0566

= 0.192 (Fuv /Fyv) -0.068

= 0.192 (45/33) 0.068
= 0.1938
= 3.69(Fuv /Fyv) -0.819(Fuv /Fyv)2 -1.79
= 3.69 (45/33) - 0.819 (45/33)2 1.79
= 1.718
= Bc

Fy v

Fya

(Eq. A7.2-3)

(Eq. A7.2-2)

R t

= 1.718

(Eq. A7.2-4)

33

0.1938
0.0849
0.0566

= 52.44

= CFyc + (1-C)Fyf
= 0.331 52.44+(1-0.331) 33
= 39.46 Ksi < Fuv

(Eq. A7.2-1)

3.2.1.4 Allowable Flexural Strength

By reloading the section with a stress gradient having a maximum of 39.46 ksi (= Fya), the section
remained fully effective, therefore; the allowable flexural strength can be calculated as follows:
Mn
= nominal flexural strength of the CRC 150 member at initiation of yielding
= SxFya
(Eq. C3.1.1-1)
= 0.052 39.46 = 2.05 kips.in.
Mall
= allowable flexural strength of the CRC 150 member at initiation of yielding
= Mn / b
= 2.05/1.67 = 1.23 kips.in.
3.2.2 Check of Safety for Flexure
Mact

= actual bending moment on the CRC member for the (D + 0.75L + 0.45W) load
combination
= 1.5 IW (S.F.) WL (S.S.) (B.S.) m
(Equation D3.2.1-3, AISI S100-12)

= 1.5 (34/144000) 0.45 24 48 0.6767

= 0.124 kip.in < (Mall = 1.23 kips.in.) OK

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3.3 Check of Combined Axial Force and Flexural Moment

Pact-anchorage
Pall

M act
Should be 1.0
M all

0.051 0.124

0.177 1.0 Safe member

0.67 1.23

3.4 Design of Connections

Using BridgeClip (1 screw) [attached to bridging member using (1) #10 screw);
Mall-c = allowable flexural strength of clip in resisting the lateral pressure
= 0.18 kip.in.
Mact-c = required allowable flexural strength of clip in resisting the lateral pressure
= 0.124 kip.in. (See Section 3.2.2) < (Mall-c = 0.18 kip.in.) OK
Tall-c
= allowable tensile strength of clip
= 0.075 kip
Tact-c
= required allowable tensile strength of clip
= Pact-sb
= 0.017 kip (See Section 3.1.2) < (Tall-c = 0.075 kip) OK
(Tact-c/Tall-c) + (Mact-c/Mall-c) = (0.017/0.075) + (0.124/0.18) = 0.915 < 1.0 Safe Clip
Vall-sc = allowable shear strength of the (1) #10 screw connecting the 33-mil clip to the 54-mil
bridging member (calculations not shown)
= 0.376 kip
Vact-sc = actual shear force on the (1) #10 screw connecting the clip to the bridging member
= Pact-sb
= 0.017 kip (See Section 3.1.2) < Vall-sc Safe connection of clip to bridging member
Act/All = Vact-sc/Vall-sc
= 0.017/0.376 = 0.045

4. Conclusion
It is safe to use [CRC150 member + BridgeClip (1 screw)] as a bridging system for this loadbearing wall.

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5. Verification of SteelSmart System

CRC 150 Bridging Members in an Exterior Load-Bearing Wall

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