SECTION DD: Solutions For SAT Math Workshop

MATH WORKSHOP
SOLUTIONS

I. Data Analysis

27, 33, 40, 44, 50, 68

For 40 to be the median temperature, it must be in

the middle. Therefore, there must be another
temperature which is less than or equal to 40. All of
the answer choices except for (D) are less than 40.

SAMPLE PROBLEM: (C) The battery that costs

the least amount per hour of duration will be the
battery that is lowest on the price and highest on
time. One way of interpreting the graph is by
plotting a line through each point. The point with
the lowest price and highest time will have a line
with the lowest slope.

Price (dollars)

A
B

4. (B) 5 Find all points that are higher than 22 on

the Fuel Efficiency vertical axis. Then, of those
points, find the points that are higher than 2,500
pounds. Since the horizontal axis for Weight is in
hundreds of pounds, this will be all points that are to
the right of 25.

Time (hours)

As shown on the graph above, the line through the

point C has the lowest slope.
1. (D) Find the average of the set of data.

2468
5
4

To decrease the standard deviation, replace the first

number with a number closer to the average. The
only answer choice that is closest to the average of 5
is (D) 4.
2. (A) 500 Since there are 27,000 employed men
and 48,000 employed people all together, there must
be 21,000 employed women. There are 21,000
employed women and 21,500 women in total.
Therefore, there are 500 unemployed women.
3. (D) 42 Since the question is dealing with
median, the temperatures should be put in order
from least to greatest.

DD-1

As shown on the graph above, there are five points

which meet the requirements.
5. (C) Between 2 and 4 hours, the line was flat,
implying that the car was not moving. This
automatically eliminates (A) and (B), which assume
that the car is moving. The line was also flat at the
100 mile mark, when the total distance is 250 miles,
so Jing was still 150 miles away from Mirror Lake.
Looking at the answer choices, (C) is the correct
choice.

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SECTION DD: Solutions For SAT Math Workshop

6. (D) There are two lines on the graph representing

gross farming income and production expenses.
Look through each answer choice and evaluate its
accuracy. (A) is incorrect, since the solid line
representing income was at its minimum in 1990,
not 2004 (14 years afterwards). (B) is incorrect,
since the production expenses (dotted line) were also
at a minimum in 1990, not 2002 (12 years later). (C)
is incorrect, since the slope of the solid line between
2002 and 2004 is lower and the slope of the same
line between 2006 and 2008, implying that percent
increase in income was greater in the latter period,
not the former. (D) is correct, since from 2008 to
2010 (18 to 20 years after 1990), the solid line
(income) fell much more rapidly than the dotted line
(expenses), which barely fell. This implies that
percent decrease in income was much greater in this
time period. The answer is (D).
7. (A) The graph shown implies that the amount of
lemonade in the pitcher decreases over time.
Looking at the answer choices, (B) and (D) are
eliminated since in both those situations, lemonade
is poured into the pitcher, rather than out of it. After
some time, the line goes flat, implying that someone
stopped pouring lemonade out of the pitcher. Then,
finally, the last part of the line has a steep slope,
implying that lemonade was poured out at a faster
rate than before. Look through the answer choices
and (A) is the only correct choice.
8. (B) Look at the graph to find September 2005 on
the x axis. From that point, look up to where it
intersects the curve at 20. (B) is the answer.

10. (A) Breaking even means that cost and revenue

are the same. In the graph, this implies the
intersection between the two lines C(x) and R(x).
The lines intersect at x = 10. Look at the x axis label.
This number is in thousands, so 10,000 mousepads
were produced. The answer is (A).
11. (D) A fixed cost for a function corresponds with
the y- intercept, or where y is when x = 0. The
constant production cost is the slope of the line C(x).
The question asks for the fixed cost, and the yintercept is at 30, or $30,000. Thus, (D) is the
answer.
12. (C) The cost of each mouse is the slope of the
y 2 y1
line R(x) . Find the slope of the line,
which
x 2 x1
cost
for this problem equals
number of mousepads
which is 10, indicating that the cost per mousepad is
$10. The answer is (C).

II. Rounding and Approximating

SAMPLE PROBLEM: (C) 0.424 In the number
0.423658, the digit 3 is in the thousandths place.
When rounding, look at the digit to the right of the
digit being rounded. If it is 5 or higher the digit is
rounded up. Since the digit to the right of the 3 is 6,
the digit is rounded up to 4. This makes the number
0.424.
1. (B)

1
8

First, round the 50.2 to 50. Then, round

the 0.49 to 0.5 or

9. (D) To find the average, find the number of boats
sold each month from January to April 2006. The
number of boats is 6, 15, 20 and 30 respectively for
each of the four months. To find the average, add the
number together and divide by 4, which should give
71
3
the average
or 17 . This corresponds with (D).
4
4

DD-2

1
. Next, round the 199.8 to 200.
2

This results in

1
2 = 25 = 1
200 200 8

50

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SECTION DD: Solutions For SAT Math Workshop

2. (C) 10

First, round the 97.942 to 100. Then,

1
round the 0.261 to 0.25 or . Next, round the 0.51
4
1
to 0.5 or . This results in
2
1
1
100
4
4 100 10
2
1

1



4
2

100

III. Fraction / Reciprocal

Problems
SAMPLE PROBLEM: (C) To add or subtract
fractions, find a common denominator. The easiest
way is to multiply the denominators together, and
then multiply the numerator of the first fraction by
the denominator of the second fraction and the
numerator of the second fraction by the denominator
of the first fraction.

12
6
12( x 2) 6( x 2)

( x 2) ( x 2)
( x 2)( x 2)
Therefore, the answer is (C).
1. (D) I & III A reciprocal of a number is equal to
1 divided by that number.
Statement I is correct, because the reciprocal of 3 is
1
13=
3
Statement II is not correct, because the reciprocal of
1
is
17
1
1 = 17
17
Statement III is correct, because the reciprocal of
3 is
3
1 3
1 3 =

=
3 3 3

DD-3

2. (A) Find the value of all the complex fractions by

multiplying the numerator by the reciprocal of
the denominator.

1
5x 5x
1( )
4
4
4
5x
x
4 4x
x( )
(B)
5
5
5
4
1
1
1
4x
4x

1( )
(C)
1
5
5
5
5
1( )
4x
4x
4x
5
x
x
x
4 4x

x( )
(D)
1
5
5
5
5
1( )
4
4
4
5
(A)

If x>0, the largest fraction is (A).

IV. Scientific Notation Problems

SAMPLE PROBLEM: (D) (2 107) + (5 106)
First, write 25,000,000 in scientific notation. Do this
by moving the decimal point 7 spaces to the left,
resulting in 2.5 107. Split up the 2 and 0.5 to
(2 107) + (0.5 107)
Move the decimal point 1 space to the right in (0.5
107), converting it to (5 106). Therefore,
2.5 107 = (2 107) + (5 106).
1. (B) 5.9 109 Convert inches to kilometers by
dividing the number of inches by 3.9 104.

2.3 1014
3.9 104
First, divide the 10s by subtracting the exponents.
2.3 1014 2.3
1010
=
4
3.9
3.9 10
Then, divide the fraction to get a decimal.

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SECTION DD: Solutions For SAT Math Workshop

2.3
1010 0.59 1010
3.9
Last, move the decimal one space to the right to
convert 0.59 1010 to 5.9 109.
2. (A) 9 First, simplify the left side by making the
1st terms integers. Since the decimals will be moved
to the right, the exponents will be subtracted.
15 10m 4
5 107
3 10k 2
Now, divide the left side, remembering to subtract
the exponents.
5 10(m 4) (k 2) = 5 107
Since both sides of the equation are equal, it follows
that

SP: (A) To solve for y, move all other variables to

the other side of the equation.
5y + n = m
5y = m n
y=

mn
. Therefore, the answer is (A).
5

1. (A) The question asks for an expression that

equals r. To solve, r must be isolated from the other
variables S and t, but this cannot be done directly
when S =

rt 3
. To start:
r t

S(r t) = rt 3 to get rid of the fraction.

Multiply out S(r t) to obtain

Sr St = rt 3

(m 4) (k 2) = 7
Now, distribute the negative sign and solve.
m4k+2=7
mk2=7
mk =9
3. (D) $5,000 Find the per capita expenditure by
dividing 1.2 1012 by 240 million. To make the
division simpler, convert 240 million into scientific
notation.

Now, separate r from everything else.

Move every expression that doesnt have r to the
opposite of every expression that does have r.
Sr rt = St 3

Factor out r from the left side.

240,000,000 = 2.4 108

Now, divide.

Divide both sides by S t to obtain r =

1.2 1012
= 0.5 104
8
2.4 10

Last, multiply 0.5 and 104 to convert the number out

of scientific notation.
0.5 104 = 5,000

V. Simplifying Expressions
Solutions

DD-4

r(S t) = St 3

St 3
. The
S t

answer is (A).
2. (C) To simplify this expression, find the GCD of
both fractions. This would simply become (1 x)(x
1). The expression now becomes the following:

4( x 1)
4(1 x)
+
.
(1 x)( x 1) ( x 1)(1 x)

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DD-4

SECTION DD: Solutions For SAT Math Workshop

Notice, however, that after distributing the 4 in each

of the numerators, the results are: (4x 4) + (4 4x).
When added, these numerators total 0. 0 divided by
anything is 0, so our answer is 0, or (C).

1 km
x km

0.6 mile 2 miles

Now, cross-multiply and divide.
0.6x = 2

3. (B) To simplify the expression, the GCD of the

two fractions can be found, then the entire fraction
simplified. The GCD for the given expression is (n +
3)(n 4). Apply this to the expression:

3n(n 4)
5(n 3)
+
.
(n 3)(n 4) (n 3)(n 4)

x=

2
0.6

The numerators can be added to give

Simplify the fraction by multiplying the numerator

and denominator by 5.
2
10
x=
=
0.6 3

3n 2 12n 5n 15 3n 2 7n 15
=
, which is (B).
(n 3)(n 4)
(n 3)(n 4)

1. (A) 20x Find square yards by first converting

both measurements from feet to yards.

4. (A) To solve, add like terms.

2
2
(4 x 2 3 x 7) ( 1 5 x 2 x 2 ) = (4x 2x ) + (-3x
5x) + (7 (-1)) = 2x2 8x + 8, or (A).

Now, multiply the two measurements.

5. (A) The expression given is

15 g 8 h 4 18 g 8 h 2 15 g 5 h3
3g 5 h 2

6 yards

To simplify, divide the separate components of the

numerator by the denominator. So this expression
simplifies down to:
8 4

8 2

15 g h 18 g h
15 g h
+
.
5 2
5 2
3g h
3g h
3g 5 h 2
xa
Remember that b = x a b , so the expression
x
simplifies further to give:
5g3h2 6g3 + 5h, or (A).

Since there are 20 square yards, the cost will be 20x.

3,000 revolutions 1 minute

=
1 minute
60 seconds

3,000 revolutions 50 revolutions

60 seconds
1 second
Since there are 50 revolutions in one second, there
will be 50k revolutions in k seconds.

VI. Converting Units

10
3

10
60
yards =
square yards =
3
3
20 square yards

2. (B) 50k Convert revolutions per minute to

revolutions per second.

5 3

SAMPLE PROBLEM: (A)

1 yard
18 feet
6 yards
3 feet
1 yard 10
yards
10 feet

3 feet 3

Convert the units

by setting up a proportion.

DD-5

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DD-5

SECTION DD: Solutions For SAT Math Workshop

in any order out of a possible 6. Therefore, the total

number of combinations can be found by:

VII. Probability
1
First, find the
22
total number of students in the club who can be
chosen. There are 27 total students, but because the
5 officers cannot be selected, there are 22 students
from which to choose a representative. Because
Billy Bob is one person out of those 22, the chance
SAMPLE PROBLEM: (C)

that he will be chosen is

is (C).

1
. Therefore, the answer
22

1. (D) 0.375 The probability is the number of

things wanted divided by the total possible number.
The number of students whose hobby is music are
those who answered yes to questions one and
three. According to the table, this is 45. There were
120 students surveyed. Divide these numbers to find
the probability that someone has music for a hobby.

45 3
0.375
120 8
Therefore, the answer is (D).

46
Divide the number of wins for New
81
York by the sum of the wins and losses.
2. (C)

92
92 46

92 70 162 81
Therefore, the answer is (C).

VIII. Permutations &

Combinations
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1: (D) 720 If no two digits
are the same, there are 10 possibilities for the first
digit, 9 for the second (since it cannot be the same as
the first), and 8 for the last digit (since it cannot be
the same as the first two.) Therefore the total number
of possible pin numbers is 10 9 8 = 720.
SAMPLE PROBLEM 2: (B) 20 This is a
combination problem, since the 3 cars can be chosen

DD-6

6!
720
720
=
=
= 20
36
(6 3)!(3)! (6)(6)
1. (B) 10 This is a combination problem, because
the committee of 3 can be chosen in any order from
the group of 5. Therefore, the total number of
combinations can be found by

5!
120 120

= 10
(5 3)!(3)! (2)(6) 12
2. (D) 24 Since only one kind of bread, one kind
of meat, and one kind of cheese can be chosen, the
total number of sandwiches can be found by
3 4 2 = 24

IX. Even / Odd Problems

SAMPLE PROBLEM: (C) 2p + q Using the
rules regarding even/odd integers, look at the answer
choices. Remember that there is no guaranteed
result when dividing integers, because division can
result in a non-integer result.
p
(A)
q
Not necessarily an integer

(B) pq
Even Odd = Even
(C) 2p + q
Even(Odd) + Odd = Even + Odd = Odd
(D) 2 (p + q) = Even (Even + Odd) = Even(Odd) =
Even
(E)

3p
q
Not necessarily an integer

Only answer choice (C) must be an odd integer.

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SECTION DD: Solutions For SAT Math Workshop

1. (C) 2n Of the answer choices, only one will

always be even. If n is odd, 2n will be even. If n is
even, 2n will be even.
2. (A) 3(x + 1) If 3x +1 is an odd integer, the next
larger integer will be 2 more than 3x +1, making the
next larger integer 3x + 3. 3x + 3 is equal to 3(x + 1).

Statement II:

x2 + 9x = 0
x(x + 9) = 0
x=0
or x + 9 = 0
x = 0 or x = 9
(Two integer solutions)

3. (D) I and III only Remember than an even

number taken to ANY positive integer power will be
even. Since a is even, taking it to any integer
exponent will result in an even number. Therefore,
terms I and III must be even. Term II is not even,
because (a + 1) will be an odd number.

Statement III:

X. I II III Problems

Statements I and III are the only statements

with one integersolution.

SAMPLE PROBLEM: (D) II and III A prime

number is any number whose factors are only 1 and
p
to be greater
itself. First, look at statement I. For
r
than 1, p would have to be greater than r. Since there
is no information about how p and r compare to each
other, this statement, while true sometimes, may also
be false. Statement I can be eliminated.

Next, look at statement II. If p and r are different

prime numbers greater than 9, they will both be odd.
If they are both odd, they will add up to an even
sum. An even number which is greater than 2 will
never be prime, because it can be divided by 2.
Therefore, statement II is true.
Last, look at statement III. The value of pr will
always have the factors of 1, p, r, and pr. Therefore,
pr will have three factors greater than 1, and
statement III is true.
1. (D) I and III Solve each equation for x to see how
many possible integer solutions there are.
Statement I:
x + 9x = 0
10x = 0
x=0
(One integer solution)

DD-7

x3 + 9x = 0
x(x2 + 9) = 0
x=0
or x2 + 9 = 0
x = 0 or x2 = 9
(Only one integer solution, because second
equation leads to an imaginary solution)

2. (D) I, II, and III Using the equation

a(b a) = 0, solve for a. Either a = 0, or a =
b. However, since a > b, then a cant equal
b. Therefore, a = 0, and statement I is
correct. Since a = 0 and a > b, 0 must be
greater than b. In other words, b is less than
0. Therefore, statement II is correct. Last, the
inequality a > b can be rearranged by
subtracting b on both sides, resulting in the
inequality a b > 0. Statement III must be
true.
3. (D) I and III

The first positive integer that

6
satisfies both conditions is 6 since = 2, an even
3
6
integer and
= 3, an odd integer. Plug 6 into both
2
statements. Since 6 is even, Statement I is true.
6
is 3, and 32 = 9, which is not even.
Since
2
6
6
Statement II is false. Since = 3 and = 2, and 3
2
3
2 = 1 which is an odd number, statement III is true.
Statements I and II are true.
(Note: if a larger integer than 6 is used, such as 12,
statement II will result in an even number. It is best
to use the smallest option to eliminate as many
possibilities as possible.).

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SECTION DD: Solutions For SAT Math Workshop

4. (C) III only Choose a number for n, for

example n = 3. Plug this number into each statement
and see whether the result is an integer. Note that
more than one number may be chosen, since each
statement must always result in an integer.

16
, not an integer
3
32 1 10
II.
, not an integer
3
3
III. 32 = 9, an integer

By subtracting the first equation from the second,

c = 12. Plug this value of c into the first equation and
then find the average of a and b.
a + b + 12 = 30
a + b = 18
ab
=9
2

I.

XII. Algebra Applications

Statement III is true and will always be true because

an integer squared is always an integer.

1. (B) The formula for the time is already given. If l

= 2, as it is given in the problem, the way to find the
time of one swing is simply to plug in l and solve.

XI. Mean-Median-Mode
Problems

t = 2

SAMPLE PROBLEM: (B) m does not change.

The average can change if the highest and lowest
scores were removed. However, the median will not
change because the middle term is not affected by
removing the first and last term.

1. (C) n 5 If the greatest of 6 consecutive

integers is n, the other five integers will be (n 2),(n
4),(n 6), (n 8) and (n 10). Therefore, the
average will be
n n 2 n 4 n 6 + n 8 ( n 10)
6

Now, simplify.

6n 30
= n 5
6
2. (A) 9

Set up two equations for these averages.

abc
= 10 a + b + c = 30
3
a b 2c
= 14 a + b +2c = 42
3

DD-8

2
1
l
= 2
= 2
= 2 ( ) =
4
32
16
32
2

Given that 3.14,

3.14
1.6, so (B) is
2

correct.
2. (A) The question is asking for the effect on t
given a change in l. In this question, l is reduced by
1
75%, which implies that the new length l is now
4
of what it used to be. Substitute l in the formula for
1
l, so the new formula would be:
4
l
l
1 l
1
1
t = 2 4 = 2
= 2
= t
32 2
4 32 2
32
The effect of reducing l by 75% ends up halving the
value of t, or reducing it by 50%. Looking at the
given answer choices, the correct answer would be
(A).
3. (A) This problem asks to solve for x is terms of R.
However, the formula for R in terms of x is given.
Therefore, to find the desired expression, rearrange
the expression to solve for x.

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DD-8

SECTION DD: Solutions For SAT Math Workshop

9x
9 x
R (9 + x) = 9x
9R + Rx = 9x
R=

Here, move all expressions with x to one side, and

all other expressions to another side.
Rx 9x = -9R
x (R - 9) = -9R
9 R
x=
, or the answer choice (A).
R 9
4. (B) Using the expression calculated in the
previous problem, compute x given a value of R. In
the problem, R = 4.3, so plug the number into the
expression.

9 R 9(4.3) 38.7
x=
=
=
8.2. The answer is
4.7
R 9 (4.3) 9
(B).
5. (B) In order to write the expression R(d) without a
fractional exponent, remember some exponential
rules. The particular one to note is that xab = (xa)b.
1
d
Since can be rewritten as d* , the expression can
2
2
be rewritten as follows:
d

d
1
1

2
2
1
1
1 2

R(d) = 7.35 = 7.35 . is

2 2
2

approximately equal to 0.707, so the equation can be

rewritten as R(d) = 7.35 (0.707)d. The answer is (B).

XIII. Imaginary Numbers

SP: (A) To evaluate this, add and subtract like terms.
In this case, add and subtract the numbers and
imaginary numbers separately, then combine.
(-6 i) + 5i (11 + 13i)

DD-9

= -6 i + 5i 11 13i
= (-6 11) + (-i + 5i 13i)
= -17 9i. The answer is (A).
1. (B) Add and subtract like terms.
(8 12i) (-1 + 2i)
= (8 (-1)) + (-12i 2i)
= 9 14i. This makes (B) correct.
2. (A) Recall that i = 1 . Therefore, simplify the
expressions first.

144 = 12i and

4 = 2i.

The expression becomes (12i 7)(2i + 7). Use FOIL

to expand.
(12i 7)(2i + 7)
= 24i2 + 84i 14i 49
= -24 + 70i 49
= -73 + 70i. This makes (A) the correct answer.
3. (C) Recall that i2 = -1. i3 = -i and i4 = 1. The cycle
repeats from there. With this knowledge, evaluate
the values of the following choices.
(A)
i2 + i4 = -1 + 1 = 0
(B)
i5 + i7 = i + -i = 0
(C)
(4i)2 16 = 16i2 16 = -16 16 = -32
(D)
(-7i)2 + 49 = 49i2 + 49 = -49 + 49 = 0
From these, (C) is the only one that isnt equal to 0,
so it is the answer.

Math Tricks
I. Plugging In
2 2b
Plug in any
b1
number for a in the given equation to get a value for
b. Plug the value for b into all of your choices. The
choice which results in your original choice for a is
correct. Let s pick 3 for a and work the problem:
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1: (D)

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SECTION DD: Solutions For SAT Math Workshop

a=3
3 4 94
b=

5
(3 2) 2
1
2

(A) a =
(B) a =
(C) a =
(D) a =
(E) a =

25
7

25
3
4
1
5 1
52 7

52 3
2 2(5) 12
3
5 1
4
1 5
3
2
2
1 5
2

(Incorrect)

(Correct)
(Incorrect)

2. (B) 40% Assume D = 100. Reduce 100 by 20%

to get 80. Decrease 80 by 25% to get 60. To find the
total percent change, subtract 60 from 100.
100 60 = 40

1000a
Assume t = 2 and a = 4. If $2 buys
t
1,000 bricks, then $4 buys 2,000 bricks. Plug in t =
2 and a = 4 into the answer choices. The one which
results in 2,000 is correct.

3. (D)

(C)
(D)
(E)

2
1

(Incorrect)
1000(4) 2000
4
1

(Incorrect)
1000(2) 500
(2)(4)
3

(Incorrect)
1000 500
1,000(4)
2,000 (Correct)
2
1,000(2)
500 (Incorrect)
4

DD-10

100 67.5 37.5

0.48
67.5
67.5

(Incorrect)

100 56 = 44

(B)

New Value - Original Value Percent

Original Value
100

(Incorrect)

1. (D) 44 percent less than x Assume x = 100.

Raise 100 by 40% to get 140. Decrease 140 by 60%
to get 56. To find the total percent change, subtract
56 from 100.

(A)

4. (C) 48% Assume the original price equals 100.

Reduce 100 by 25% to get 75. Reduce 75 by 10% to
get 67.5. Now set up an equation to find out by what
percent 67.5 would have to be increased to get to
100.

0.48 = 48%

5n
Assume the original speed was
6
100mph, and the distance is 100 miles. Using
Distance = Rate Time, find the original time.

5. (A)

100 = 100n
n=1
Therefore, the original time is 1 hour. Now, increase
the speed by 20%. This changes the speed from
100mph to 120mph. Now, find the new time, x.
Remember that the distance does not change.
100 = 120x
100 5

x=
120 6
5
Since the new time is of the original time, the new
6
5n
.
time can be expressed as
6

cx
d Try plugging in small, easy to
100
work with numbers for c, d, and x. For example,
assume the number of exposures is 20, the cents per
exposure is 5, and the dollars per exposure is 4 (x =
20, d = 4, c = 5). Using these values, the cost will be
$5 total. Plug in the values for c, d, and x into the
answer choices. The one that results in 5 is correct.
6. (A)

(5)(20)
4 1 4 5
100
(4)(20)
1 0.8 1 1.8
(B)
100
(A)

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(Correct)
(Incorrect)

DD-10

SECTION DD: Solutions For SAT Math Workshop

(5)(4)(20) 400

4
(Incorrect)
100
100
(D) (5)(20) + 100(4) = 100 + 400 = 500 (Incorrect)
(E) 100(4)(20) + 5 = 8,000 + 5 = 8,005 (Incorrect)
(C)

II. Working Backwards

SAMPLE PROBLEM: (B) 23 Start with the
middle choice (C), 22. If 22 is the greatest of 4
consecutive integers, the other 3 integers will be 21,
20, and 19. Add these integers together to see
whether the sum is 86.

19 + 20 + 21 + 22 = 82
Since the sum is too small, try a higher answer
choice. The next one to try is (B), 23.

420
300

2
7
2
5

(420) = 420 120 = 300

(300) = 300 120 = 180

Since there is not enough left over, try a larger value.

The next larger value is answer choice (D), 560.
560
400

2
7
2

(560) = 560 160 = 400

(400) = 400 160 = 240

Since there is $240 left over, the income must be

$560.

20 + 21 + 22 + 23 = 86
1. (D) 36

Start with the middle choice (C), 24.

1
(24) = 8
3
1
(24) = 6
4
The

1
1
value is not sufficiently larger than the
3
4

value. Try a larger value. The next value to try is

answer choice (D), 36.

1
(36) = 12
3
1
(36) = 9
4
As shown,

1
1
of 36 (12) is 3 more than
of 36
3
4

(9).
2. (D) 560 Since the problem says that the
remaining $240 is spent on miscellaneous expenses,
the correct answer will have 240 left over. Start with
the middle choice (C), 420.

DD-11

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DD-11