CT HEAD is an extremely useful diagnostic tool

used routinely in the care of patients s.

The treating physician needs to be able to
interpret and act upon CT findings without
specialist (e.g., radiologist) assistance
, because many disease processes are time
dependent and require immediate action.

H.U
is a linear transformation of the original linear
attenuation coefficient measurement into one in
which the radiodensity of distilled water at standard
pressure and temperature (STP) is defined as
zero Hounsfield units (HU), while the radiodensity
of air at STP is defined as -1000 HU.

If we see abnormal density in brain we must know in

which lobe :

Here we see
Fourth ventricle posterior to brain stem and anterior to
cerebellum .
Prepontine cistern ----where basilar artery in midline
Both CEREBELLAR HEMISPHERES ARE SHOWN HERE
RIGHT /LEFT
CEREBELLAR VERMIS
PONS

GOING UP MORE CRANIALLY

BASAL GANGLIA SLIDE

WE LEAVE POSTERIOR FOSSA AND REACH THE THIRD

VENTRICLE LEVEL
WHICH IS SHOWN IN THE MIDLINE HERE
THE FRONTAL HORNS OF THE LATERAL VENTRICLES
AND THE OCCIPTAL HORN OF THE LATERAL VENTRICLES
IN THIS AREA WE ARE CUTTING THE BASAL GANGLIA
;BASAL GANGLIA CONSIST OF
CAUDATE
LENTIFORM NUCLEI
AND THE THALAMUS
ON THE CONCAVITY OF THE ANT HORNS WE SEE THE
HEAD OF CAUDATE
AT THE TRIANGLE THE LENTIFORM NUCLEUS IS SEEN
AT EIHTHER SIDES OF THE THIRD VENTRICLE THE
THALUMUS IS LOCATED .

LOBES ANATOMY SLIDES

We draw 2 lines through lateral ventricles
Anterior to this line frontal lobe
Part of brain posterior to second line is the posterior
lobe
We judge by third ventricle if we see it the this will be
the temporal and if we cut through body of lateral
ventricle then we see parietal lobe
Immediately above the ventricles we draw 3 lines
The most anterior one is frontal ..reminder three are
parietal

STROKE SLIDES

Ischaemic StroKE
: st 6 Hours 1
Normal %06
. Vogue subtle Hypodensity
Sulcal effacment

... Loss of Grey/White matter Distinction

. More prominant low attenuated area 12-11

Ischemic Stroke Ct
After 24 hours
. Well demarcated low attenuation
days 5-3
. Mass effect which may gone by 2-4 weeks
Long Term
Encephalomalcia

CONTRAST SLIDE

cONTRAST NOT USUALLY INDICATED UNLESS THERE IS

.SUPECTED OTHER PROCESS

Hemorrhagic stroke
HEMATOMA
Sub Dural and Epidural Hematoma Both may be life
. threatining
Usually traumatic
Subdural
Venous bleed
due to stretching and tearing of bridging cortical veins

Epidural
Arterial bleed
The source of bleeding is usually a torn meningeal
)artery (most commonly, the middle meningeal artery
.meningeal artery
. Skull Fracture
are supratentorial %55>
temporoparietal: 60%

crescent-shaped homogeneously hyperdense extra-axial

collection that spreads diffusely over the affected
hemisphere

EXTRA DURAL SLIDE

They are typically bi-convex (or lentiform) in shape

The diagnosis is suspected when hyperattenuating

material is seen filling the subarachnoid space more
Small

Small amounts of blood can sometimes be appreciated

pooling in t