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U Michigan Written Practice Quiz - Scalp, Cranial Cavity, Meninges & Brain

6, 12, 19, 21

2 An infant was diagnosed as having hydrocephalus. It was determined


that there was a blockage in the ventricular system of the baby's brain
between the third and fourth ventricles. The blockage therefore must
have involved the:
Central canal
Cerebral aqueduct
Foramen of Luschka (lateral foramen)
Foramen of Magendie (medial foramen)
Interventricular foramen

The correct answer is:

cerebral aqueduct

The cerebral aqueduct is the part of the ventricular system that carries
cerebrospinal fluid from the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle. So, this must
be the part of the ventricular system that was blocked. The central canal is the
space where CSF flows through the spinal cord. It is continuous with the 4th
ventricle. The foramina of Luschka (lateral aperatures) and foramen of
Magendie (median aperature) are small foramina in the 4th ventricle that allow
the CSF to leave the ventricular system and enter the subarachnoid space.
The interventricular foramina are passages from the lateral ventricles that
allow the CSF to enter the 3rd ventricle.

RIGHT
17)An infant was found to have hydrocephalus. Studies revealed that the
hydrocephalus was caused because CSF could not get out of the third
ventricle. The passage blocked was the:

Central canal
Cerebral aqueduct
Interventricular foramen
Lateral foramen (of Luschka)
Medial foramen (of Magendie)

The correct answer is:

Cerebral aqueduct

For CSF to travel from the third ventricle to the 4th ventricle and the
central canal of the spinal cord, it must pass through the cerebral aqueduct.
So, this is the passageway that must be blocked. The central canal is the
space where CSF flows through the spinal cord. It is continuous with the 4th
ventricle. The foramen of Luschka and foramen of Magendie are small
foramina in the 4th ventricle that allow the CSF to leave the ventricular system
and enter the subarachnoid space. The interventricular foramina are
passages in the lateral ventricles that allow the CSF to leave the lateral
ventricles and enter the 3rd ventricles. See Netter Plate 102 for a diagram of
the ventricles of the brain.

Netters
A 42-year-old man who has been taking a daily therapeutic dose of
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past 4 months presents
in the emergency department with active hematemesis caused by a posterior
duodenal ulcer that has eroded the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal
artery. When efforts to achieve hemostasis using endoscopy fail, he is taken
immediately to the operating room where the surgeon carries out an
endovascular repair of the artery. She inserts a catheter into the femoral
artery and advances it in a retrograde direction into the abdominal aorta.
Through which vessel should the catheter leave the abdominal aorta to reach
the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery?

Celiac trunk
Inferior mesenteric artery
Inferior phrenic artery

Splenic artery
Superior mesenteric artery
The posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery is one of the two
terminal branches of the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery. The
celiac trunk is one of the three unpaired branches of the abdominal
aorta. A catheter leaving the abdominal aorta via the celiac trunk
would reach the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery via the common
hepatic and then the gastroduodenal arteries.

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