Exsum

The product that we produce is herbal all of the ingredients come from our nature.
There are 5 main process to manufacture our product. The process are preparation,
grinding, sorting, scaling and sealing. Each process have a specific equipment that
we used. The equipment that we used isnt complicated and easy to use. The price
isnt too expensive. We also need to calculate the mass and energy balance in each
process. So it can estimate the cost to buy the equipment and the energy that we
used in the process.
2. 1 Block Flow Diagram

(source : authors personal data)

Review of Block Flow Diagram
1. Raw Material Preparation
In the preparation process, we must prepare the ingredients and
equipment to make herbal jamu atherosclerosis. The ingredients that we
must prepared are mimusops elengi leaf, averrhoa carambola leaf and
curcuma zanthorrhiza. The equipment that we must prepared are winnowing,
grinding machine, tea bag and tea bag sealer.
First, we must clean up all the ingredients and equipment to make sure
there arent dirt or any component that can harmful to the human. After that
the leaf will be placed in the winnowing and dried. The energy source to dry
the ingredients are solar energy from the sun. The drying process spend time
about 4 5 days. After 5 days we can store the dry leaf and the dry leafs are
ready to the next process.
2. Ingredients Grinding
In the grinding process the dry leaf will grind one by one. The process will be
separated based on the type of ingredients. The grinding process is without

using water and the grinding process will make the ingredients become
smaller as a particles.
3. Ingredients Sorting
In the sorting process, the ingredients will separated by its particle size using
double filter. So it will be separated into two particle size.
4. Ingredients Scaling
In the scaling process, the product of grinding process will be scaled around 3
grams by the weights. The precision of the mass is very important.
5. Tea Bag Sealing
In the tea bag sealing, the ingredients which has been scaled will be put into
the tea bag and we use a tea bag machine to seal the tea bag which has
contained the ingredients with the same scale.
6. Quality Control
In quality control, we controlled the quality by weighted the mass of the tea
bag and make an analysis in laboratory to our final product. The objective of
quality control process are to make sure that our product safe and can fulfill
the customer need.
7. Product Packaging
In the last process is the packaging, we will package our product in a box and
in the outside of the box there are information about our product. Such as the
ingredients, how to serve and the function of this product.
2.2 Equipment Specification
The process equipment is the tools/the equipment during the manufacturing
process for our product. Specification that we inform in this chapter is about the
function, capacity, power, prices and etc. So it can determine the duration and the
total product that we can produce each day. We can also know the budget that we
must spend to manufacture our product based on the equipment that we use.
2.2.1 Preparation equipment
a. Leaf washing machine
Washing process is a process that we used to clean up the dust, dirt
and other component that can be harmful to the human. The washing process
only use water to clean up any component in the surface leaf until it clean
and the machine is automatically.

(source : http://tokopusatmesin.com/?p=4895)
Specification :
Model Number : QX 22
Dimension : 50 x 35 x 50 cm
Capacity : 2 - 5 kg
Power : 500 Watt
Weight : 40 kg
Feature : Air bubble, Conveyor
Material : Stainless Steel
Quantity : 1 unit
Warranty : 1 year
Seller : Toko Pusat Mesin Malang East Java
Price : Rp. 1.000.000 / unit
b. Solar Rack Drying
Drying Process is the process that removing the moisture content from
the leave. The energy source is from solar energy. The drying process is the
longest period during the manufacture of our product.

(source : http://nchfp.uga.edu/how/dry/sun.html)

Dimension : 2 x 5 m
Capacity : 5 10 kg leaves
Material : Steel wire and wood
Quantity : 1 unit
Price : Rp. 200.000 / unit

2. 2.2 Process Equipment

a. Grinding machine
Grinding process is the process that grind the tea leaves into small
particle so the particle can store in the tea bag. In the grinding process we
must make sure that all of the leaves have been grind well and the particle
size become smaller.

(source : http://www.alibaba.com/showroom/tea-leaf-grinder-machine.html)
Specification :

Model : MF 168
Power : 300 Watt
Speed : 3600 rpm
Fineness (mesh) : 50 200 mesh
Dimension : 400 x 550 x 740 mm
Output : 2- 4 kg
Weight : 10 kg
Price : Rp. 2.000.000
Seller : Guangzhou Laymax Machinery

b. Sorting machine
Sorting process is the process that we sort the particle of the
ingredients based on its particle size. We sort the particle multilevel, from the
big size until the small size of the particle so we can get product with
different size.

(source: http://www.alibaba.com/showroom/tea-sorting-machine.html)
Specification :
Dimension : 580 x 580 x 560 mm
Power Source : Electricity AC
Certification : CE & ISO
Weight : 6 8 kg
Mesh size : 80 200 mesh
Layer : 1 4 layer
Price : Rp. 500.000
Seller : Zhenying machinery
c. Scaling machine
Scaling process is to scale the tea bag which contains ingredients
particle to its weight. The weight each bag is around 3 grams. We must
precise to the weight of the tea bag because it will effect to the dosage.

(source: http://www.amazon.com/EatSmart-Precision-Digital-KitchenSilver/dp/B001N07KUE)
Specification :
Dimension : 20 x 10 x 15 cm
Unit : grams
Quantity : 2 unit
Price : Rp. 300.000 /unit

d. Tea bag sealing machine

Sealing process was occurred during tea bags travel from right edge to
left edge. Tie of tea bag was placed in the edge of tea bag so the tie would be
sealed.

(source: http://cluster.alibaba.com/ tea-bags-packaging-machine_supplier.html)

Specification :

Power Supply : 220-240V/50-60Hz

Power Consumption : 750W
Sealing Speed : 0-13m/min
Sealing Width : 6-15mm
Sealing Film Thickness : 0.02-0.08mm
Temperature Range : 0-300C
Printing Letters : 1 lines 15 letters
Conveyor Loading : 5kg
Machine Size : 930x510x920mm
Machine Weight : 65kg
Price : Rp. 4.000.000 /unit

2.3 Mass & Energy Balance

2.3.1 Mass Balance
In the mass balance, we have to calculate the mass input and output in every
single process in our manufacture. Material preparation is the first process in our
manufacture, there is a drying process so we can calculate the mass balance of the
drying process.
Table. Mass Balance of Drying Process
Input
Material
Mimusops elengi
leaf
Averrhoa carambola
leaf
Curcuma

Mass
(gram)
58
47
31

Output
Material
Dry mimusops elengi
leaf
Dry averrhoa
carambola leaf
Dry curcuma

Mass
(gram)
50
33
25

zanthorrhiza

zanthorrhiza
Water

28

Table. Mass Balance of Sorting

Input
Material

Mimusops elengi
leaf

Output
Mass
(gra
m)
50

Averrhoa carambola
leaf

33

Curcuma
zanthorrhiza

25

Material

Mimusops elengi
leaf

Mass
(gra
m)
48

Averrhoa carambola
leaf

32

Curcuma
zanthorrhiza

23

Material

Mimusops elengi
leaf

Mass
(gra
m)
15

120 mesh
Material

Dry mimusops
elengi leaf passed
Dry averrhoa
carambola leaf
passed
Dry curcuma
zanthorrhiza
passed
100 mesh
Material

Dry mimusops
elengi leaf passed
Dry averrhoa
carambola leaf
passed
Dry curcuma
zanthorrhiza
passed
80 mesh
Material

Dry mimusops
elengi leaf

Mass
(gra
m)
48

32

23

Mass
(gra
m)
15

10

12

Mass
(gra
m)
2

Averrhoa carambola
leaf

10

Dry averrhoa
carambola leaf

Curcuma
zanthorrhiza

12

Dry curcuma
zanthorrhiza

Material

Dry mimusops
elengi leaf
detained
Dry averrhoa
carambola leaf
detained
Dry curcuma
zanthorrhiza
detained
Material

Dry mimusops
elengi leaf
detained
Dry averrhoa
carambola leaf
detained
Dry curcuma
zanthorrhiza
detained
Material

Dry mimusops
elengi leaf
detained
Dry averrhoa
carambola leaf
detained
Dry curcuma
zanthorrhiza
detained

Mass
(gra
m)
2

Mass
(gra
m)
33

22

11

Mass
(gra
m)
13

10

Table. Mass Balance of Tea Bag

Input
Material
Mimusops elengi
leaf
Averrhoa carambola
leaf
Curcuma
zanthorrhiza

Mass
(gram)
8.5
2.5

Output
Material

Tea Bag (12

Pieces)

Mass
(gram)

13

2.3.2 Energy Balance

Energy balance is required to determine the energy in equipment in every
process. In the manufacturing of the herb jamu, we use washing machine in the
washing process, grinding machine in the grinding process, tea bag sealing machine
in
the
Equipment
Power
Amount
Time (h)
Energy
(kW/unit)
(unit)
(kWh)
Washing Machine
0.5
1
1
0.5
Grinding Machine
0.3
2
2
1.2
Tea Bag Sealing
0.75
1
4
3
Machine
Total
4.7 kWh
sealing process. We must know the surrounding and system term in the calculation
of energy balance. Its a closed system where heat and work are exchanged across
a system boundary, but the material isnt include. The energy balance of equipment
in our process in the table below:

From the calculation, we can know the energy requirement for each product unit.
We will produce 60 units product every day so the energy requirement:
Energy requirement / product unit = 4.7 kWh / 60 unit = 0.078 kWh / unit
Conclusion

Our manufacturing process consist of five stages. They are raw material
preparation, raw material grinding, raw material sorting, raw material sorting
and tea bag sealing
We calculate mass balance of our product in every process. We get the final
mass in each tea bag are 2 grams.

We calculate energy balance for our product per unit, we produce 60

units/day and have total energy requirement 4.7 kWh so we get 0.078
kWh/unit