Here are the answers to the pre-assessment questions:1. False2. C3. B 4. C5. A6. True7. E8. E9. True 10. F11. C12. C13. C14. True15. C16. E17. True18. True19. A20. True21. True22. True23. False24. B

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC
WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE
FOOD AND WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the course trainee will be able to:
Get clear understanding about food/water safety.
Knowledge about water testing and issues related to water safety.
To provide clear understanding about pathogenic bacteria like E Coli etc.
which may mix up with food/water during maintenance activities and
production
Describe effective control for the food/water safety, hazards of commonly
occurring hazardous chemicals.
Describe the sources of contamination deriving from water treatment
chemicals and construction materials.
To demonstrate the need for product control rather than water quality analysis
in controlling contamination from these sources.

To describe some key contaminants deriving from the use of polyelectrolytes,
PAHs and PVC.

Enhancing knowledge about international systems like HACCP.
Principles of HACCP
To get idea about the different types of pipes usable in water transfer and its
fittings and their hazards.
To get idea about how to treat technically with the repair, fittings, welding of
(PVC HDPE) pipes.
COURSE DURATION: 4 DAYS
COURSE TOPICS:
Module: 1
Food and Water Safety
Cleaning and sanitizing

Food/water safety supervisors responsibilities
Food /water handlers responsibilities
Identification of the food/water poisoning areas
Conducting repair and maintenance activities
Thermometer use, calibration and equipment maintenance
Food/water recalls and waste disposal
Time and Temperature control
Module 2: Identification and Control of Hazardous chemicals in Water

treatment
Safety of Water treatment chemicals and their hazards and contamination.
NTI/TTC/COURSE/WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

Hazards due to Water system components like pipes(PVC,asbestos/cement)

and related products
Hazards due to protective barriers like coatings, linings and paints
Hazards due to process media like membrane ,ion exchange resins ,filtration
media,
Hazards due to mechanical devices like valves, pumps, water treatment
devices, electrical wires, chemical feeders.
Module 3: Introduction to water quality and health
Water demand and supply.

Raw water quality and pretreatment.
Groundwater quality.
Water treatment processes RO, IE.
Coagulation and flocculation.
Sedimentation and Filtration
Membrane processes;
Biological treatment processes.
Pathogen like E. coli removal.
Disinfection chemistry and kinetics.
Chemical disinfection and oxidative processes.
Photo and chemical disinfection processes.
Fluoridation.
Water stability.
Water treatment plant design.
Water testing for impurities.
Water transfer techniques, types of pipes, fittings, repair and maintenance.
Module: 4
HACCP Systems
What is HACCP SYSTEM?

History and background of the HACCP system.
Critical factors like acidity, pH, time, temperature, oxygen, and moisture and
water activity.
Bacterial pathogens like e-coli, clostridium botulinum and Salmonella.
Principles of the HACCP system
Guidelines for the application of the HACCP system
Application of the HACCP system

DAY 1:
Module: Drinking Water safety Plan (DWSP)

Aim: To enable the learner to
At the end of the session the participant will be able to
Explain drinking water safety plan (DWSP).

Identify the risk at different level of water supply system.
Assess the level of Risk. (RA)
Practice and Calculate the Risk score (RS)
Write the control measures.
Calculate the risk score for the scenario of water system.
Describe water supply system
Use the WHO schematic symbols
Draw the flowchart schematic for the water supply system.
Give different source nodes
Describe the source node
Exercise the source schematic flowchart with WHO symbols.
Assess the source risk of well, surface.
Practice the scenario of source risk assessment

WATER
TREATMENT
ISSUES &
MAINTENANCE
Time: 8.00AM - 2.30PM

(4th to 8th October)
By
Yashoda
Course outline
Course: water treatment issues and maintenance
Duration: 5 days (25 hrs)

Day
Day-1
session
1
Duration
1.5 hrs.
2
3
2.5hrs
1hrs
Topic
Icebreaki
ng
Introducti
on&
Location
details
DWSP
Water
source
issues
and
maintena
nce

Water treatment issues and maintenance

Pre-Assessment
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1) The water from the source can be consumed directly by the people
(true/false)
2) HACCP means___________
A. Hazard and chemical control point
B. Hazard analysis chemical control point
C. Hazard analysis and critical control point
D. All
3) What is ppm___________
A. Para part meter
B. parts per million C. public pumping
medium
D. None
4) The hardness of water is measured in________
A. m/s
B. milliliter C. ppm
D. gallon
5) The common disinfectant process used in the treatment of water
is__
A. chlorination B. ion exchange C. zeolite D. all
6) Safety is a very important operator responsibility.
A. True
B. False
7) Which factors are contributing to an increase in the number of jobs
in the water treatment industries?
A.
Operator certification
B.
Population growth
C.
Regulatory requirements
D.
Demand of safe and pure drinking water
E.
All
8) What
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
are the expectations of safe and pleasant drinking water?

The water must be free of disease-causing organisms
The water must be free of toxic substances
The water should not have a disagreeable appearance
The water should not have a disagreeable odor
All

9) Water treatment plant operators have the responsibility for the health
and well-being of the community they serve.
A.
True
B.
False
10 Which tasks are performed by water treatment plant operators to keep
) the water treatment plant operating to produce a safe, pleasant, and
adequate supply of water?
A.
Adjust flows according to conditions of the raw water
B.
Adjust flows according to system demands for water
C
Keep an eye on the water as it flows through all of the various
.
treatment processes
D
Maintain and repair equipment and facilities as necessary to keep
.
the water flowing
E.
Monitor the raw water entering the plant
F.
All
11)
A.
B.
C.
D.
What is corrosive water? A water capable of

Causing scale formation
Creating high pH levels
Deteriorating metal pipe
Turning water black
12)
What is the purpose of filtration?
A.
To control corrosion
B.
To filter out suspended particles
C
To gather together fine, light particles to form larger particles
.
(floc) to aid the sedimentation and filtration processes
D.
To settle out larger suspended particles
13) Why do operators take certification examinations?
A.
To be able to quit studying
B.
To be in compliance with regulatory guidelines
C
To obtain certificates that indicate a level of professional
.
competence
D.
To prove they know safety rules and regulations
14 The use of pre-chlorination often reduces chlorine requirements for
) post-chlorination.
A.
True
B.
False
15)
What is the purpose of the clear well?

A.
B
.
C
.
D
.
16
)
A.
B
.
C
.
D
.
E
.
To control corrosion
To kill disease-causing organisms and to provide chlorine residual
for the distribution system
To kill most disease-causing organisms and help control taste- and
odor-causing substances
To provide chlorine contact time for disinfection and store water
for high demand
What should you do when someone complains about their drinking
water?
Have the complaint thoroughly investigated
Notify the person making the complaint of the results of the
investigation
Notify the person making the complaint what corrective action
was or will be taken
Record the necessary information (name, date, location, problem,
and phone number)
All
17) Most accidents result from carelessness or negligence.

A.
True
B.
False
18 Your records showing that you are producing a safe drinking water will
) mean nothing to visitors unless your plant appears clean and well
maintained.
A.
True
B.
False
20 Why should the water treatment plant operator be present during both
) the design and construction periods of a project to improve a water
treatment plant?
A
To be completely familiar with the entire plant layout, including
.
the piping, equipment, and machinery and their intended
operation
B.
To check on the engineer's treatment process calculations
C
To ensure that all electrical monitoring instrumentation is properly
.
wired
D.
To make sure the lowest contractor's bid is accepted
21) Safety is a very important operator responsibility.
A.
True
B.
False
22 A well-guided tour of your plant for other operators may provide them

with sufficient understanding of your plant to allow them to suggest

helpful solutions to operational problems.
A.
True
B.
False
)
23 Many sources of water are directly suitable for drinking purposes

) without treatment.
A.
True
B.
False
24) What is the purpose of a water treatment plant?
A.
To modify source waters
B.
To produce safe and pleasant drinking water
C.
To provide work experience for operators
D.
To treat drinking water
25)What is the main purpose of a water treatment plant's intake
structure?
A
To draw in water while preventing leaves and other debris from
.
clogging or damaging pumps
B.
To ensure fish passage without undue harm to the fishery
C.
To provide a structure for housing the low head influent pumps
D.
To take in excess water from the raw water source
ACTIVITY -1
NAME:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Comment with reference to the given picture and write

your answers
I.
Chlorination of drinking water:
What is the risk?
Write what do you think risk here

ACTIVITY -2
NAME:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
II.
Chemical supply line delivering two

chemicals
What is the risk?
1 Hig
. h
I wouldnt drink the

water!
2 Mediu
. m
Thats not
great
3 Lo
. w
Not really a
problem
4 Non
. e
Risk, what
risk?
Write what do you think the risk here?

1. High
2.
Medium
I wouldnt drink the

water!
Thats not great
3. Low
Not really a
problem
4. None
Risk, what risk?
ACTIVITY -3
NAME:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
III. Drinking water supply through pipes

What is the risk?
Write what you think the risk here

1. High
2.
3.
I wouldnt drink the

water!
Medium
Thats not great
Low
Not really a
problem
4. None
Risk, what risk?
ACTIVITY -4
NAME:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q) Write five benefits of DWSP.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5
Q) What are the stages of water supply system?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Q) Write the different sources of water?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
ACTIVITY -5
NAME:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Livestock grazing in the valley
1. What controls are currently in place?

2. Are the controls are adequate?

ACTIVITY -6
NAME:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q) Give the WHO version schematic symbol for the following
terminology:
Storage:
Chemical process:
Consumer:
Microbiological
contamination of source
Livestock having access to source
Human & natural activity:
Monitoring:
Valve:
Fencing and treatment works processes.
Fencing No. Treatment processes yes.

Transport:
Source:
Q) Draw the schematic diagram of water supply system.
ACTIVITY -7
NAME:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8B38B
DRAW Source Schematic Exercise

In the space below, draw a simple flowchart schematic that shows the key
components of Alberta Lake Source Node. Either use the WHO schematic symbols
or use your own.
ACTIVITY -8
NAME:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Common Source Risks Wells

When you write your DWSP, you need to identify and record well and well
catchmentrelated risks. Here are a few example risks you might consider:
Example Well Risks

a. contaminated water entering well from surface
b. ____________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________
d. ____________________________________________
Add Your Own

a. ____________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________
d. ____________________________________________
ACTIVITY -9
NAME:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Common Source Risks Raw Water Assets

Finally, consider any asset or operatorrelated risks associated with source or
raw water activities:

Give Examples of Raw Water Asset Risks

a. ________________________________________
b. ________________________________________
c. ________________________________________
d. ________________________________________
e. ________________________________________
f. ________________________________________
ACTIVITY -9
NAME:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Answer the following:


Q) In case the source of water is lake,
a) Guess the different impurities in the water
b) Guess the possible treatment steps.
Q) What are the different types of impurities present in water?
Q) How to estimate the hardness of water by EDTA method
Q) Give the treatment steps required to remove temporary hardness of

water

Q) What are the impurities which cause permanent hardness to water?
Q) What treatment methods to remove the permanent hardness of water?
Q) Give the chemistry of scale and sludge formation.
Q) Give the methods by which temporary hardness of water can

be treated.

Q) What are the steps involved in pretreatment process
Explain the RO process.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Q) Give different types of RO membranes?
Q) What are organizations which set international standards for drinking water?
Q) Give three post treatment methods, chemistry and kinetics.

1.
2.
3.

Q) Label the parts

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Q) Explain the ground water quality


Type of
hardness
Chemical
impurities
Biological
impurities
Physical impurities
Q) Mark the hardness for each % of TDS
_______
______ ________
__________
_____________

Q) what are the RO plant supervisors responsibilities?
Solve the Task:

How the fouling membrane issue is maintained.
When there is a leakage in the inlet pump section, what action has to be taken
by technician?
What action is required When the customer complain about the quality of water?
The sample of water from filter outlet is showing the impurities of bed in QA
sample test.
What are the possible issues associated with it?
( give the supervisor and technician failures)


Here are the answers to the pre-assessment questions:1. False2. C3. B 4. C5. A6. True7. E8. E9. True 10. F11. C12. C13. C14. True15. C16. E17. True18. True19. A20. True21. True22. True23. False24. B

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Here are the answers to the pre-assessment questions:1. False2. C3. B 4. C5. A6. True7. E8. E9. True 10. F11. C12. C13. C14. True15. C16. E17. True18. True19. A20. True21. True22. True23. False24. B

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NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

FOOD AND WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

in controlling contamination from these sources.

PAHs and PVC.

Food and Water Safety

Cleaning and sanitizing

Module 2: Identification and Control of Hazardous chemicals in Water

NTI/TTC/COURSE/WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

Hazards due to Water system components like pipes(PVC,asbestos/cement)

Water demand and supply.

What is HACCP SYSTEM?

WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

Explain drinking water safety plan (DWSP).

NTI/TTC/COURSE/WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

Time: 8.00AM - 2.30PM

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

NTI/TTC/COURSE/WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

Water treatment issues and maintenance

are the expectations of safe and pleasant drinking water?

NTI/TTC/COURSE/WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

What is corrosive water? A water capable of

What is the purpose of the clear well?

NTI/TTC/COURSE/WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

17) Most accidents result from carelessness or negligence.

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

with sufficient understanding of your plant to allow them to suggest

23 Many sources of water are directly suitable for drinking purposes

NTI/TTC/COURSE/WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Comment with reference to the given picture and write

Chlorination of drinking water:

What is the risk?

Write what do you think risk here

NTI/TTC/COURSE/WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

Chemical supply line delivering two

What is the risk?

I wouldnt drink the

Write what do you think the risk here?

NTI/TTC/COURSE/WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

I wouldnt drink the

Risk, what risk?

III. Drinking water supply through pipes

Write what you think the risk here

NTI/TTC/COURSE/WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC

I wouldnt drink the

Thats not great

Risk, what risk?

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q) Write five benefits of DWSP.

Q) What are the stages of water supply system?

Q) Write the different sources of water?

NTI/TTC/COURSE/WATER TREATMENT ISSUES AND MAINTENANCE

NATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE LLC