Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2.20
Means: when
Ibn Ashoor
o
He argues that Were they at the time when they turned to refuge, strange? This is another detail of
and thus this sentence is connected to the previous ayah. They are grammatically connected
o
Whenever you see , it also implies a right before it that isnt said, and that in this case is :
this is a strange explanation using so mention when the youth turned toward the cave
If this is the grammatical case, then it would be it would not be connected to the
previous ayah anymore and it is an expressive way of furthering what is strange about them.
Whichever explanation you take to explain any way you go grammatically the bottom line is that
Allah is drawing attention to the fact that their story was not the strangest of all of the ayaat of Allah.
2015 Bayyinah TV
P a g e |2
Linguistic Analysis of
- joining someone; so the people of the cave will be one with the cave
Just like Nuh alayhi alsalams sun said he would go up high on a mountain to be protected from the
water
command form is take refuge!
Fourth meaning:
- show so-and-so mercy
Something that people turn to at any time of the night and day and they return to it over and over
o
The gardens of refuge and that youll find safety in people making it to Jannah and ask
to reassure themselves that they really are in safety and peace
On the opposite side it is also used to describe Jahannam and Hellfire
2 words here are used for sarcasm
o Some things they will enjoy in this life, then the place of refuge is Jahannam
but jahannam isnt a place of refuge
Surah Duha verse 6:
2015 Bayyinah TV
P a g e |3
On the Day of Judgment, his entire extended family that used to give him shelter and protect
him
Means: Youth
Has to do with freshness and newness; it is an age in life where you are renewed
the verb masdar is to actually reach the prime of your youth and life; to become a young man
o
The age between a teenager and a full blown man late teens and twenties
A well rounded complete wholesome young man
generosity
o
a certain age and you start thinking about the world and you dont just think about yourself; cant be
self-absorbed teen age
Old Arabic expression: they competed with me in generosity and I outdid them
used in Surah Yusuf when they asked him to interpret their dreams
o It is the ability to make sound judgment, a wise interpretation and analyze things properly
So they are young people that are worthy of being noticed and also their ability to make solid decisions
Used in the Quran in many places in many of the same contexts
o
Can also be used to mean a young servant when its a in Surah Yusuf twice
HADITH:
None of you should dare say my slave, , or , slave girl. All of you are slaves of Allah and all of
your women are slaves of Allah. However, a person should say my young boy, my young man, and not
use .
According to Naisapuri: Has the ability and sound judgment to take care of himself and doesnt depend on
his parents anymore
2015 Bayyinah TV
P a g e |4
Christian rhetoric was that these people of the cave were boys that were rebelling against their political
parents
As a verb it is used when you take care of something or you are committed to something and you allow it to
flourish until it becomes comopletely mature
Fixing something and maintaing something
Someone who takes care of your decision and takes ccare of your matters and is responsible for it and is
responsible for the things that you do
Allah is The Rabb because He fixes the affairs of His creation
and
are only for Allah.
P a g e |5
actually means a land that keeps getting rained on and keeps getting taken care of and never
faces drought
o
The People of the cave turn to Allah and use this word to call upon Him.
The word Rabb is the essence of the Quran
What is the summary of the entire Quran?
o
Allah has many names but the name that is the center of our relationship with Him and defines our relationship
with Him is Rabb. Everything else furthers that relationship
o
That means you are many things to Allah but the first and foremost you are .
o Yes youre created but that is not the center of the relationship. Thats one of the facets of it.
These young men of the cave have accepted Allah as their Rabb (not just His existence). But they accepted that
He is the One that gives them everything and the one that provides them. Theyve internalized something about
this concept that we have a hard time internalizing
.
o
That when Allah created the womb of the mother ( )He said to it, I am The Rahman and you are
the rahim (womb). I carved your name out from My Name. And whoever kept your bond, I will keep
bonded with him. Meaning whoever respects the relationships tied by the womb (siblings, father, and
mother) and honors them I will keep him connected. And whoever cuts you I will make him completely
severed [Narrated by Tirmidhi as Sahih and Authentic].
Allah is comparing His name Al-Rahman to the name of the womnb
The closest picture we will get to Allahs mercy is inside the womb of a mother
Inside the womb, the child is being protected from all sides, its entire world is enveloped
inside the love and care of this mother.
The child isnt even aware of how much the mother loves him.
The child will get consciousness eventually when they grow up and reciprocate the love
The first thing the child knows is needs. And the mother hasnt even seen this child but
shes already in love with the child.
2015 Bayyinah TV
P a g e |6
And the child has done nothing for the mother yet. But everyday goes by and the child
still demands more and more from the mother and the mother has to go through more
and more pain. She is constantly increasing in her sacrifice and everytime that increases
she increases in her love for the child.
Allah is doing and doing and doing and we are like these infant babies that dont even
acknowledge and He does even more and more.
All the needs of this child are being taken care of by the mother. There is not a thing
that the rahim (womb) doesnt cover. His housing, cleansing, feeding, protection. The
childs universe is the rahim. Our universe is Al-Rahman. We are enveloped in the
Rahma of Allah.
We cannot compare Allah to a mother and a child to a slave
But we can compare a relationship to a relationship and there we might find some
paralells
Does necessarily mean the elements of the relationship are being compared
Our Master, Our Rabb gives us from Your special behalf a Rahma
Look at how they combined two elements: on ethe one hand they are looking to solve their immediate problem
Using the word Rabb for Allah in the dua they are showing etiquette, love, humility and emotional attachment
to Allah.
Al-Shinqeeti about
Give us mercy from You. Rahma in this case includes provision, guidance and protection.
Provision because theyre heading to a cave and there wont be anything to eat
Guidance because they need to stay strong and steadfast on their deen
Protection because they are going into an unsafe territory and from what theyre running away
from the torture of their nation
Also them asking for forgiveness
Ibn Ashoor
o
The
in this ayah indicates that the moment they turned to the cave to seek refuge they started off by
pleading with Allah
They asked Allah that He would give them a special Rahma from within His behalf and that is an
expression that combines the good of this world and the next
2015 Bayyinah TV
P a g e |7
Theyre asking Allah to shower them with favor using His Great Rahma which is in accordance
with His Generosity in response to following the very deen that He commanded to be followed
i.e. Oh Allah you are making us follow your deen and you are the only one that can pay
us for following your deen. The job is great so the benefits should be awesome.
Al Raazi
Saying this also means they are denying the accusation that they are Christian because
Christians believe that mercy is from Jesus and that God is Wrathful
Something that He possesses and something that can only be attributed to Him. This is far more eloquent as
opposed to them saying just give us rahma because the fact of the matter is all of creation is dependent on the
rahma of Allah. But they asked for a wholesome and special act of rahma at the very time where the only
expectation would be its opposite. They are rushing towards death and they are asking Allah for rahma
o They intended by this prayer that they should stay safe in their faith and be able to hold on to it despite
the terrible challenge ahead and so that they dont come into contact with different kinds of pain and
toil because of them being away from civilization and that they dont get put in a position where the
enemies of deen get to publically humiliate them and if that were to happen then they would become a
fitnah and a reason for others to remain kaafir and disbelieving.
Saying
here illustrates the greatness of that incredible mercy and its also befitting the favor of Allah
and the vastness of His generosity.
o i.e. when they say that they know that Allahs vaults are vast and enormous
Optimism is important
These guys in the prime of their youth are walking away from everything they know and everything they used to
do to save their lives. How long did they expect to survive in the cave?
o But as they are walking they are asking Allah not just to survive but to open His special vaults of Rahma
for them.
o Theyre walking away from a king but they know theyre walking towards a better King
o It doesnt matter what resources youre walking towards or what difficulty youre going through but you
have no doubt at all that the vast treasures are open. Its just a matter of asking!
o They made one dua and it lasted them longer than a kingdom (300 years almost). Allah is still applying
their dua in dunya because of that one dua
o Optimism is key. Dont ever underestimate the power of dua, what it can do for you and how it can
change things around you.
2015 Bayyinah TV