Bes Phase2 Reference Document 20140325 Final Clean

Bulk Electric System
Definition Reference
Document
Version 2 | April 2014
This technical reference was created by the Definition of Bulk Electric System drafting team
to assist entities in applying the definition. It should be read in concert with the complete
definition, found in the NERC Glossary of Terms, and any guidance issued by the ERO. The
process for handling requests for exceptions to the definition is found in Appendix 5c of the
NERC Rules of Procedure. Both the NERC Glossary of Terms and Rules of Procedure are
posted on the NERC website.
3353 Peachtree Road NE

Suite 600, North Tower
Atlanta, GA 30326
NERC|BulkElectricSystemDefinitionReferenceDocument|April2014
404-446-2560 | www.nerc.com
1of85
Table of Contents
TableofContents......................................................................................................................................................3
Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................4
I. ListofFigures......................................................................................................................................................8
II. Inclusions..........................................................................................................................................................10
III. Exclusions..........................................................................................................................................................27
IV. HierarchicalApplicationoftheDefinition........................................................................................................68
V. AvailabilityofExceptionProcess......................................................................................................................84
VI. VersionHistory..................................................................................................................................................85
2of85
Introduction
DuringthecourseofProject201017DefinitionofBulkElectricSystem(DBES),severalcommentersrequested
thattheStandardDraftingTeam(SDT)createareferencedocumentexplaininghowthereviseddefinition
shouldbeapplied.Thisdocumentisintendedtoprovidesuchareference.
Disclaimer
ThisdocumentisnotanofficialpositionofNERCandwillnotbebindingonenforcementdecisionsoftheNERC
ComplianceMonitoringandEnforcementProgram.Thisreferencedocumentreflectstheprofessionalopinion
oftheDBESSDT,giveningoodfaithforillustrativepurposesonly.
Background
OnNovember18,2010FERCissuedOrderNo.743anddirectedNERCtorevisethedefinitionoftheBulkElectric
System(BES)sothatthedefinitionencompassesallElementsandFacilitiesnecessaryforthereliableoperation
andplanningoftheinterconnectedBulkPowerSystem.Therevisionstothedefinitionweredevelopedintwo
phases.ThefinalreviseddefinitionwasapprovedbytheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission(FERCorthe
Commission)onMarch20,2014.
Purpose
Thepurposeofthisdocumentistoassisttheindustrywiththeapplicationofthereviseddefinition.Examples
areprovidedwhereappropriatebutshouldnotbeconsideredasallinclusive.Thedocumentisintendedto
provideclarificationandexplanationsfortheapplicationofthereviseddefinitioninaconsistent,continentwide
basisforthemajorityofBESElements.
Definition
BulkElectricSystem(BES):Unlessmodifiedbythelistsshownbelow,allTransmissionElementsoperatedat100
kVorhigherandRealPowerandReactivePowerresourcesconnectedat100kVorhigher.Thisdoesnotinclude
facilitiesusedinthelocaldistributionofelectricenergy.
Inclusions:
I1Transformerswiththeprimaryterminalandatleastonesecondaryterminaloperatedat100kVor
higherunlessexcludedbyapplicationofExclusionE1orE3.
I2Generatingresource(s)includingthegeneratorterminalsthroughthehighsideofthestepup
transformer(s)connectedatavoltageof100kVorabovewith:
Grossindividualnameplateratinggreaterthan20MVA.Or,
Grossplant/facilityaggregatenameplateratinggreaterthan75MVA.
I3BlackstartResourcesidentifiedintheTransmissionOperatorsrestorationplan.
I4Dispersedpowerproducingresourcesthataggregatetoatotalcapacitygreaterthan75MVA(gross
nameplaterating),andthatareconnectedthroughasystemdesignedprimarilyfordeliveringsuch
capacitytoacommonpointofconnectionatavoltageof100kVorabove.Thus,thefacilities
designatedasBESare:
Theindividualresources,and
Thesystemdesignedprimarilyfordeliveringcapacityfromthepointwherethoseresources
aggregatetogreaterthan75MVAtoacommonpointofconnectionatavoltageof100kVorabove.
3of85
Introduction
I5Staticordynamicdevices(excludinggenerators)dedicatedtosupplyingorabsorbingReactivePower
thatareconnectedat100kVorhigher,orthroughadedicatedtransformerwithahighsidevoltageof
100kVorhigher,orthroughatransformerthatisdesignatedinInclusionI1unlessexcludedby
applicationofExclusionE4.
Exclusions:
E1Radialsystems:AgroupofcontiguoustransmissionElementsthatemanatesfromasinglepointof
connectionof100kVorhigherand:
OnlyservesLoad.Or,
Onlyincludesgenerationresources,notidentifiedinInclusionsI2,I3,orI4,withanaggregate
capacitylessthanorequalto75MVA(grossnameplaterating).Or,
WheretheradialsystemservesLoadandincludesgenerationresources,notidentifiedinInclusions
I2,I3orI4,withanaggregatecapacityofnonretailgenerationlessthanorequalto75MVA(gross
nameplaterating).
Note1Anormallyopenswitchingdevicebetweenradialsystems,asdepictedonprintsoroneline
diagramsforexample,doesnotaffectthisexclusion.
Note2Thepresenceofacontiguousloop,operatedatavoltagelevelof50kVorless,between
configurationsbeingconsideredasradialsystems,doesnotaffectthisexclusion.
E2Ageneratingunitormultiplegeneratingunitsonthecustomerssideoftheretailmeterthatserve
allorpartoftheretailLoadwithelectricenergyif:(i)thenetcapacityprovidedtotheBESdoesnot
exceed75MVA,and(ii)standby,backup,andmaintenancepowerservicesareprovidedtothe
generatingunitormultiplegeneratingunitsortotheretailLoadbyaBalancingAuthority,orprovided
pursuanttoabindingobligationwithaGeneratorOwnerorGeneratorOperator,orunderterms
approvedbytheapplicableregulatoryauthority.
E3Localnetworks(LN):AgroupofcontiguoustransmissionElementsoperatedatlessthan300kVthat
distributepowertoLoadratherthantransferbulkpoweracrosstheinterconnectedsystem.LNs
emanatefrommultiplepointsofconnectionat100kVorhighertoimprovethelevelofservicetoretail
customersandnottoaccommodatebulkpowertransferacrosstheinterconnectedsystem.TheLNis
characterizedbyallofthefollowing:
Limitsonconnectedgeneration:TheLNanditsunderlyingElementsdonotincludegeneration
resourcesidentifiedinInclusionsI2,I3,orI4anddonothaveanaggregatecapacityofnonretail
generationgreaterthan75MVA(grossnameplaterating);
RealPowerflowsonlyintotheLNandtheLNdoesnottransferenergyoriginatingoutsidetheLNfor
deliverythroughtheLN;and
NotpartofaFlowgateortransferpath:TheLNdoesnotcontainanypartofapermanentFlowgate
intheEasternInterconnection,amajortransferpathwithintheWesternInterconnection,ora
comparablemonitoredFacilityintheERCOTorQuebecInterconnections,andisnotamonitored
FacilityincludedinanInterconnectionReliabilityOperatingLimit(IROL).
E4ReactivePowerdevicesinstalledforthesolebenefitofaretailcustomer(s).
NoteElementsmaybeincludedorexcludedonacasebycasebasisthroughtheRulesofProcedure
exceptionprocess.
4of85
Introduction
Summary
AnunderstandingofthecoredefinitionandeachInclusionandExclusionisnecessarytoaccuratelyand
consistentlyapplytheBESdefinition.(ItshouldbenotedthattheBESdefinitionappliestoACandDCelectrical
facilities.)TheapplicationofthebrightlineBESdefinitionisathreestepprocessthat,whenappropriately
applied,willidentifythevastmajorityofBESElementsinaconsistentmannerthatcanbeappliedona
continentwidebasis.
FERCOrderNo.773directedimplementationoftherevisedBESdefinitiontotakeintoaccounttheimpactof
sub100kVloopedFacilitiesregardlessofvoltagelevel.Thisalteredpreviousguidanceontheevaluationof
radialsystems.Thedraftingteamdevelopedatechnicaljustificationsettingathresholdof50kVasthevalue
whereloopedfacilitieshadpotentialimpactontheBES,i.e.,ifaloopedFacilitywasbelow50kV,anentitycould
stillapplyExclusionE1asitwasshownthatloopedfacilitiesbelow50kVhadnoimpactonthereliabilityofthe
BES.Configurationsasshowninthediagramsdealingwiththeradialsystemandlocalnetworkexclusionsas
wellasthesystemdiagramsreflectthisfinding.
STEP1:COREDEFINITION:Thecoredefinitionisusedtoestablishthebrightlineof100kV,theoverall
demarcationpointbetweenBESandnonBESElements.ThecoreBESdefinitionidentifiestheRealPowerand
ReactivePowerresourcesconnectedat100kVorhigher,asincludedintheBES.Tofullyappreciatethescopeof
thecoredefinition,anunderstandingofthetermElementisneeded.ElementisdefinedintheNERC
Glossaryas:Anyelectricaldevicewithterminalsthatmaybeconnectedtootherelectricaldevicessuchasa
generator,transformer,circuitbreaker,bussection,ortransmissionline.Anelementmaybecomprisedofone
ormorecomponents.
STEP2:INCLUSIONS:ThisstepinvolvesapplyingthespecificInclusions,providesadditionalclarificationforthe
purposesofidentifyingspecificElementsthatareincludedintheBES.TheInclusionsaddressTransmission
ElementsandRealPowerandReactivePowerresourceswithspecificcriteriatoprovideforaconsistent
determinationofwhetheranElementisclassifiedasBESornonBES.TherearefiveInclusionsintheDefinition.
ThefacilitiesdescribedinInclusionsI1,I2,I4andI5areeachoperated(iftransformersInclusionI1)or
connected(ifgeneratingresources,dispersedpowerproducingresourcesorReactivePowerresources
InclusionsI2,I4andI5)atorabovethe100kVthreshold.InclusionI3encompassesBlackstartResources
identifiedinaTransmissionOperatorsrestorationplan,whicharenecessaryforthereliableoperationofthe
interconnectiontransmissionsystemandshouldbeincludedintheBESregardlessoftheirsize(MVA)orthe
voltageatwhichtheyareconnected.
STEP3:EXCLUSIONS:ThisstepevaluatesspecificsituationsforpotentialexclusionfromtheBES.Theexclusion
languageiswrittentospecificallyidentifyElementsorgroupsofElementsforexclusionfromtheBES.Stepthree
(3)shouldbeappliedinthefollowingsequence:
ExclusionE2(BehindtheMeterGeneration)providesforthespecificexclusionofcertainRealPowerresources
thatresidebehindtheretailmeter(onthecustomersside)andsupersedesthemoregeneralInclusionI2
(GeneratingResources).Behindthemetergenerationthatmeetsthesespecificcriteriadonotaffectreliability
oftheBESbecausethenetcapacitysuppliedtotheBESislessthan75MVAandthespecificcriteriaimpose
obligationstosupportreliabilitywhentheresourcesareunavailable.
ExclusionE4(ReactivePowerDevices)providesforthespecificexclusionofReactivePowerdevicesinstalledfor
thesolebenefitofaretailcustomer(s)andsupersedesthemoregeneralInclusionI5(StaticorDynamicReactive
PowerDevices).ReactivePowerdevicesinstalledforthesolebenefitofaretailcustomerare,bydefinition,not
requiredforoperationoftheinterconnectedtransmissionsystem.
5of85
Introduction
ExclusionE3(LocalNetworks)providesfortheexclusionoflocalnetworksthatmeetthespecificcriteria
identifiedintheexclusionlanguage.ExclusionE3doesnotallowfortheexclusionofRealPowerandReactive
PowerresourcescapturedbyInclusionsI2throughI5.Ininstanceswhereatransformer(underInclusionI1)isan
Elementofalocalnetwork(underExclusionE3),thetransformerwouldbeexcludedpursuanttoExclusionE3.
ExclusionE3maynotbeusedtoexcludetransmissionElements(capturedbythecoredefinitionandInclusion
I1)whenRealPowerresourcesarepresentthatarecapturedbyInclusionI2,I3,orI4.Thisassuresthat
interconnectionfacilitiesforBESgeneratorsarenotexcluded.
ExclusionE1(RadialSystems)providesfortheexclusionoftransmissionElementsfromradialsystemsthatmeet
thespecificcriteriaidentifiedintheexclusionlanguage.ExclusionE1doesnotallowfortheexclusionofReal
PowerandReactivePowerresourcescapturedbyInclusionsI2throughI5.Ininstanceswhereatransformer
(underInclusionI1)isanElementofaradialsystem(underExclusionE1),thetransformerwouldbeexcluded
pursuanttoExclusionE1.ExclusionE1maynotbeusedtoexcludetransmissionElements(capturedbythecore
definitionandInclusionI1)whenRealPowerresourcesarepresentthatarecapturedbyInclusionI2,I3,orI4.
ThisassuresthatinterconnectionfacilitiesforBESgeneratorsarenotexcluded.
ThisReferenceDocumenthasbeendividedintosectionstoaccuratelyillustratehowspecificpartsofthe
definitionareapplied,andthenhowthehierarchalapplicationofthedefinitionisaccomplished.SectionIisa
listoffigures.SectionsIIandIIIprovideillustrativediagramswithaccompanyingtext,whereappropriate,
describingtheapplicationoftheBESdefinition,groupedaccordingtothespecificinclusionorexclusion.Section
IVprovidesaseriesofsystemdiagramsthatdepictthehierarchicalapplicationofthedefinition.SectionV
establishesthelinkagetotheRulesofProcedureExceptionProcess.
6of85
I.
List of Figures
FigureI11:TypicalTwoWindingTransformer(BES)..............................................................................................11
FigureI12:TypicalThreeWindingTransformer(BES)...........................................................................................11
FigureI13:TypicalTwoWindingTransformer(nonBES)......................................................................................11
FigureI14:TypicalThreeWindingTransformer(nonBES)....................................................................................12
FigureI21:SingleGenerator(BES).........................................................................................................................13
FigureI22:SingleGenerator(nonBES)..................................................................................................................14
FigureI23:MultipleGeneratorsataSingleSite(BES)...........................................................................................15
FigureI24:MultipleGeneratorsataSingleSite(BES&nonBES).........................................................................16
FigureI25:MultipleGeneratorsataSingleSite(BES)...........................................................................................17
FigureI26:MultipleGeneratorsataSingleSite(BES&nonBES).........................................................................18
FigureI41:DispersedGenerationSite(SingleVoltageTransformation)WindFarm..........................................21
FigureI42:DispersedGenerationSite(UnknownCollectorSystemConfiguration)WindFarm........................22
FigureI43:DispersedGenerationSite(SingleVoltageTransformation)SolarArray..........................................23
FigureI44:DispersedGenerationSite(MultipleVoltageTransformations)SolarArray....................................24
FigureI51:ReactiveResources(BES&nonBES)...................................................................................................26
FigureE11:RadialSystem:ServingOnlyLoad.......................................................................................................31
FigureE12:MultipleRadialSystems(UnderlyingLoopFacilities<50kV).............................................................32
FigureE13:ImpactofSub100kVLoopedFacilities..............................................................................................33
FigureE14:RadialSystem:SingleBESGenerationResource.................................................................................34
FigureE15:RadialSystem:SinglenonBESGenerationResource.........................................................................35
FigureE16:RadialSystem:BlackstartResource....................................................................................................36
FigureE17:RadialSystem:Multiple(BES&nonBES)GenerationResources(NonRetail)..................................37
FigureE18:RadialSystem:Multiple(nonBES)GenerationResources(NonRetail).............................................38
FigureE19:RadialSystem:Multiple(nonBES)GenerationResources(NonRetail).............................................39
FigureE110:RadialSystem:Multiple(nonBES)GenerationResources(Retail&NonRetail).............................40
FigureE111:RadialSystem:GenerationResource(NonRetail)&ServingLoad..................................................41
FigureE115:RadialSystem:GenerationResource(Retail&NonRetail)&ServingLoad.....................................45
FigureE116:RadialSystem:NormallyOpenSwitchingDevicebetweenLoadServingRadialSystems................46
FigureE117:RadialSystem:NormallyOpenSwitchingDevicebetweenLoadServingRadialSystemswitha<50
kVLoop....................................................................................................................................................................48
FigureE118:ImpactofSub100kVLoopedFacilities(SwitchingDevicesIdentifiedN.O.>100kV&N.C.<100kV
&>50kV)................................................................................................................................................................49
7of85
ListofFigures
FigureE119:RadialSystem:NormallyClosedSwitchingDevice(>100kV)betweenLoadServingRadialSystems
witha<50kVLoop.................................................................................................................................................50
FigureE120:ImpactofSub100kVLoopedFacilities(SwitchingDevicesIdentifiedN.C.>100kV&N.C.<100kV
&>50kV)................................................................................................................................................................51
FigureE21:BehindtheMeterGeneration:NetCapacitytotheBESLessThan75MVA......................................53
FigureE22:BehindtheMeterGeneration:NetCapacitytotheBESGreaterThan75MVA................................54
FigureE31:LocalNetwork(nonBES)withRetail&NonRetailGenerationResources&ServingLoad...............57
FigureE32:LocalNetwork(BES)withRetail&NonRetailGenerationResources&ServingLoad.......................58
FigureE33:LocalNetwork(BES)withRetail&NonRetailGenerationResources&ServingLoad.......................59
FigureE34:LocalNetwork(nonBES)withSub100kVLoop.................................................................................61
FigureE35:LocalNetwork(BES)withSub100kVLoop........................................................................................62
FigureE36:LocalNetwork(nonBES)withSub100kVLoopedFacilities(SwitchingDevicesIdentified:N.O.>100
kV&N.C.<100kV/>50kV)....................................................................................................................................63
FigureE37:LocalNetwork(BES)withSub100kVLoopedFacilities(SwitchingDevicesIdentified:N.O.>100kV
&N.C.<100kV/<50kV).........................................................................................................................................64
FigureE38:LocalNetwork(nonBES)withSub100kVLoopedFacilities(SwitchingDevicesIdentified:N.C.>100
kV&N.C.<100kV/>50kV)....................................................................................................................................65
FigureE39:LocalNetwork(BES)withSub100kVLoopedFacilities(SwitchingDevicesIdentified:N.C.>100kV&
N.C.<100kV/>50kV).............................................................................................................................................66
FigureS11:SystemDiagramBaseDiagram.........................................................................................................70
FigureS12:SystemDiagramAssumptions..........................................................................................................71
Figure S13: System Diagram Application of Core Definition........................................................................72
FigureS14:SystemDiagramApplicationofInclusionI1.....................................................................................73
FigureS17:SystemDiagramApplicationofCoreDefinition&Inclusions........................................................76
FigureS18:SystemDiagramApplicationofExclusionE2....................................................................................77
FigureS19:SystemDiagramApplicationofExclusionE3....................................................................................78
FigureS19a:SystemDiagramApplicationofExclusionE3(EmbeddedLocalNetwork).....................................79
FigureS19b:SystemDiagramApplicationofExclusionE3(EmbeddedRadialSystems)....................................80
FigureS110:SystemDiagramApplicationofExclusionE1(Part1).....................................................................81
FigureS110a:SystemDiagramApplicationofExclusionE1(Part2)...................................................................82
FigureS111:SystemDiagramFullApplicationofBESDefinition........................................................................83
8of85
II. Inclusions
EachinclusionisshownbelowwithbothtextanddiagramsexplaininghowtoapplytheBESdefinitionforthe
specificconfigurationshown.Theseexamplesarenottobeconsideredallinclusive,andsimplyreflectthe
professionalopinionoftheDBESSDTandareprovidedingoodfaithforillustrativepurposesonly.This
documentisnotanofficialpositionofNERCandwillnotbebindingonenforcementdecisionsoftheNERC
ComplianceMonitoringandEnforcementProgram.
ThesectiononInclusionI3doesnotincludediagrams,astherearenoapplicationconfigurationissues
associatedwithit.BlackstartResourcesareincludedintheBESregardlessofconfigurationorlocation.
DiagramsonlyshowapplicationofthedefinitiontothespecificElementinquestion.Forexample,inFigureI11
below,onlythewindingsofthetransformerareshownasbeingincludedintheBES.Thelinescomingoutofthe
transformerarenotdelineatedasBESornonBES,asnoassumptionsarebeingmadeastowhereandhow
thoselinesconnectinthebigpicture.
Keytodiagramcolorcoding:
BlueindicatesthatanElementisincludedintheBES
GreenindicatesthatanElementisnotincludedintheBES
Orangeindicatespointsofconnection
BlackindicatesElementsthatarenotevaluatedforthespecificinclusiondepictedintheindividual
diagramsbeingshown
9of85
Inclusions
II.1 BES Inclusion I1

I1.Transformerswiththeprimaryterminalandatleastonesecondaryterminaloperatedat100kVorhigher
unlessexcludedunderExclusionE1[radial]orE3[localnetwork].
Note:FiguresI11throughI14aredepictionsoftheapplicationofInclusionI1andareintendedtoassistthe
userduringthehierarchicalapplicationoftheBESdefinition.
FiguresI11throughI14depictvarioustypesoftransformersandoperatingconfigurationstypicallyutilized
intheelectricutilityindustry.
FigureI11:TypicalTwoWindingTransformer(BES)
FigureI12:TypicalThreeWindingTransformer(BES)
FigureI13:TypicalTwoWindingTransformer(nonBES)
10of85
Inclusions
FigureI14:TypicalThreeWindingTransformer(nonBES)
11of85
Inclusions

I2.Generatingresource(s)includingthegeneratorterminalsthroughthehighsideofthestepuptransformer(s)
connectedatavoltageof100kVorabovewith:
a)Grossindividualnameplateratinggreaterthan20MVA.Or,
b)Grossplant/facilityaggregatenameplateratinggreaterthan75MVA.
Interpretationoftheorstatementintheinclusiondefinitionisahierarchicaloperatorthathasseveralstepsas
showninthefollowingdiagrams.
Thepresenceofasystemservice,astationservice,orageneratorauxiliarytransformerdoesnotaffectthe
applicationofInclusionI2.Transformersassociatedwithsystemservice,stationservice,orgeneratorauxiliaries
areevaluatedunderthecoredefinitionandInclusionI1.
FigureI21depictsasinglegeneratorwithgrossindividualnameplateratinggreaterthan20MVAconnected
throughthehighsideofthestepuptransformerconnectedatavoltageof100kVorabove.Byapplicationof
InclusionI2,thisgeneratorisidentifiedasaBESElement.
FigureI21:SingleGenerator(BES)
12of85
Inclusions
FigureI22depictsasinglegeneratorwithgrossindividualnameplateratinglessthan20MVAconnected
throughthehighsideofthestepuptransformerconnectedatavoltageof100kVorabove.Byapplicationof
I2,thisgeneratorisnotaBESElement.
FigureI22:SingleGenerator(nonBES)
13of85
Inclusions
FigureI23depictsasitewithmultiplegeneratorsconnectedthroughthehighsideofthestepuptransformer(s)
atavoltageof100kVorabovewithagrossaggregatenameplaterating(connected@100kVorabove)greater
than75MVA;therefore,byapplicationofInclusionI2,allofthegenerators(connected@100kVorabove)are
includedintheBES.
FigureI23:MultipleGeneratorsataSingleSite(BES)
14of85
Inclusions
FigureI24depictsasitewithmultiplegeneratorsconnectedthroughthehighsideofthestepuptransformer(s)
atavoltageof100kVorabovewithanaggregatenameplaterating(connected@100kVorabove)lessthan75
MVA.ByapplicationofInclusionI2,onlythosegeneratorswithagrossnameplateratinggreaterthan20MVA
connectedthroughthehighsideofthestepuptransformer(s)atavoltageof100kVoraboveareincludedin
theBES.
FigureI24:MultipleGeneratorsataSingleSite(BES&nonBES)
15of85
Inclusions
FigureI25depictsasitewithmultiplegeneratorsconnectedthroughthehighsideofthestepuptransformer(s)atavoltageof100kVorabovewitha
grossaggregatenameplaterating(connected@100kVorabove)greaterthan75MVA.ByapplicationofInclusionI2,allofthesegenerators(connected
@100kVorabove)areincludedintheBES.InaccordancewithInclusionI2,thegenerators,includingthegeneratorterminalsthroughthemultiplestep
uptransformerswithahighsideconnectionvoltageof100kVorabove,areconsideredtobeasingleBESElement.Thestepuptransformersandthe
interconnectingbusworkareinstalledforthepurposeofsteppingupthevoltageoutputofthegeneratortoavoltageof100kVorabove.
FigureI25:MultipleGeneratorsataSingleSite(BES)
16of85
Inclusions
FigureI26depictsasitewithmultiplegeneratorsconnectedthroughthehighsideofthestepuptransformer(s)atavoltageof100kVorabovewitha
grossaggregatenameplaterating(connected@100kVorabove)lessthan75MVA.Therefore,onlythegeneratorsthatmeetthesingleunitinclusion
criteriaofgrossnameplateratingofgreaterthan20MVAareincludedintheBES.Thegeneratorwiththe25MVAgrossindividualnameplateratingis
notincludedintheBESorinthegenerationsitetotalbecausethestepuptransformersandtheinterconnectingbusworkareinstalledforthepurposeof
servingLoad.TheNERCGlossaryofTermsUsedinNERCReliabilityStandardsdefinesLoadasanendusedeviceorcustomerthatreceivespowerfrom
theelectricsystem.
FigureI26:MultipleGeneratorsataSingleSite(BES&nonBES)
17of85
Inclusions
I3.BlackstartResourcesidentifiedintheTransmissionOperatorsrestorationplan.
InclusionI3includesBlackstartResourcesidentifiedintheTransmissionOperatorsrestorationplan.Blackstart
ResourcesareincludedintheBESregardlessofconfigurationorlocation.
TheNERCGlossaryofTermsUsedinNERCReliabilityStandardsdefinesBlackstartResourceasfollows:
Ageneratingunit(s)anditsassociatedsetofequipmentwhichhastheabilitytobestarted
withoutsupportfromtheSystemorisdesignedtoremainenergizedwithoutconnectiontothe
remainderoftheSystem,withtheabilitytoenergizeabus,meetingtheTransmission
Operatorsrestorationplanneedsforrealandreactivepowercapability,frequencyandvoltage
control,andthathasbeenincludedintheTransmissionOperatorsrestorationplan.
TheTransmissionOperatorsrestorationplanreferstotherestorationplanidentifiedinReliabilityStandard
EOP005SystemRestorationfromBlackstartResources.
FigureswerenotspecificallydevelopedforInclusionI3duetothesimplicityofthelanguageintheinclusion.In
SectionIV:HierarchicalApplicationoftheDefinition,thesystemdiagramsincludeaBlackstartResource
example.
18of85
Inclusions
I4.Dispersedpowerproducingresourcesthataggregatetoatotalcapacitygreaterthan75MVA(gross
nameplaterating),andthatareconnectedthroughasystemdesignedprimarilyfordeliveringsuchcapacitytoa
commonpointofconnectionatavoltageof100kVorabove.Thus,thefacilitiesdesignatedasBESare:
Theindividualresources,and
Thesystemdesignedprimarilyfordeliveringcapacityfromthepointwherethoseresourcesaggregate
togreaterthan75MVAtoacommonpointofconnectionatavoltageof100kVorabove.
Dispersedpowerproducingresourcesaresmallscalepowergenerationtechnologiesusingasystemdesigned
primarilyforaggregatingcapacityprovidinganalternativeto,oranenhancementof,thetraditionalelectric
powersystem.Examplescouldincludebutarenotlimitedto:solar,geothermal,energystorage,flywheels,
wind,microturbines,andfuelcells.
Common Point of Connection

ThecommonpointofconnectioniswheretheindividualtransmissionElement(s)ofthecollectorsystemis
connectedtothe100kVorhigherTransmissionsystem.(Note:Thispointistypicallyspecifiedintherespective
TransmissionOwnerandGeneratorOperatorInterconnectionAgreements.)
Collector Systems
FERCOrdersNo.773and773AidentifiedaconcernthattheCommissionexpressedregardingdispersedpower
collectorsystems.TheSDThasaddressedcollectorsystemsinaclearfashionthatleavesnoroomforarbitrary
determinationsandeliminatestheunintendedconsequencesofcategoricallyincludingaspartoftheBES,assets
thatmayincludelocaldistributionfacilities.
Thebasisofthisdeterminationtakesintoaccountthesignificantdifferencesincollectorsystemconfigurations
thatexisttodaythatdonotlendthemselvestoacontinentwidebrightlinedetermination.Thisresultedin
properlyidentifyingtheportionsofthecollectorsystemwhichconsistentlyprovideareliabilitybenefittothe
interconnectedtransmissionnetwork.Theresultidentifiesthepointofaggregationof75MVAandaboveand
theinterconnectingfacilitiestotheinterconnectedtransmissionnetwork.Theaggregationthresholdis
consistentwiththeaggregationofcapacityinInclusionI4andrecognizesthatthelossofthosefacilitiesresultin
alossof75MVAcapacityorgreatertotheBES.
19of85
Inclusions
FigureI41depictsadispersedgenerationsiteandsubstationdesignwithasingletransformationofvoltage.
FigureI41:DispersedGenerationSite(SingleVoltageTransformation)WindFarm
20of85
Inclusions
FigureI42depictsadispersedgenerationsiteandsubstationdesignwithunknowncollectorsystem
configuration.
FigureI42:DispersedGenerationSite(UnknownCollectorSystemConfiguration)WindFarm
21of85
Inclusions
FigureI43depictsadispersedgenerationsiteandsubstationdesignwithasingletransformationofvoltage.
FigureI43:DispersedGenerationSite(SingleVoltageTransformation)SolarArray
22of85
Inclusions
FigureI44depictsadispersedgenerationsiteandsubstationdesignwithmultiplelevelsofvoltage
transformation.
Dispersed generation site and substation design (multiple transformations of voltage level) with a gross
aggregate nameplate rating of 80 MVA (Individual Photovoltaic Bank Rating: 20 MVA). By application of
Inclusion I4 the Photovoltaic Cells & Inverters (generator units) are included in the BES.
Green indicates the portions of the Collector System that are not included in the BES.
Blue identifies BES dispersed power producing resources (Photovoltaic Cells & Inverters) and the
BES Elements between the point of aggregation and the common point of connection.
Photovoltaic
Cells &
Inverters
(Banks)
The point of aggregation is where the individual

generator name plate ratings of the dispersed
generation total > 75 MVA (actual 80 MVA) and a
failure would result in loss of 75 MVA capacity or
greater to the BES.
< 100kV
< 100kV
< 100kV
> 100kV
> 100kV
The common point of connection is where the individual transmission Element(s) of the collector
system is connected to the 100 kV or higher Transmission system. (Note: This point is typically
specified in the respective Transmission Owner and Generator Operator Interconnection
Agreements.)
FigureI44:DispersedGenerationSite(MultipleVoltageTransformations)SolarArray
23of85
Inclusions
I5.Staticordynamicdevices(excludinggenerators)dedicatedtosupplyingorabsorbingReactivePowerthatare
connectedat100kVorhigher,orthroughadedicatedtransformerwithahighsidevoltageof100kVorhigher,
orthroughatransformerthatisdesignatedinInclusionI1.
InclusionI5identifiesstaticordynamicdevices(identifiedasReactiveResourcesthroughoutthedocumentto
simplifythediagrams)connectedviaanyofthemethodsidentifiedbythequalifiersregardlessoftheamountof
ReactivePoweroutput/input.ItisimportanttonoteInclusionI5identifiesonlythosestaticordynamic
devicestobeincludedbymeetingthequalifyingconnectioncriteria,anddoesnotincludeanyofthe
associatingqualifiers(i.e.,associateddedicatedtransformers).Inthefollowingexamples,severalreactive
resources(electricallydepictedascapacitors)areidentifiedwithvariousconnectionmethods.
Note:FigureI51depictstheapplicationofInclusionI5andisintendedtoassisttheuserduringthehierarchical
applicationoftheBESdefinition.
24of85
Inclusions
FigureI51depictsseveraldifferentmethodsofconnectingreactiveresourcestypicallyutilizedintheelectric
utilityindustry
FigureI51:ReactiveResources(BES&nonBES)
25of85
III. Exclusions
Eachexclusion,withtheexceptionofExclusionE4,isshownbelowwithbothtextanddiagramsexplaininghow
toapplytheBESdefinitionforthespecificconfigurationshown.Theseexamplesarenottobeconsideredall
inclusive,andsimplyreflecttheprofessionalopinionoftheDBESSDTandareprovidedingoodfaithfor
illustrativepurposesonly.ThisdocumentisnotanofficialpositionofNERCandwillnotbebindingon
enforcementdecisionsoftheNERCComplianceMonitoringandEnforcementProgram.
ThesectiononExclusionE4doesnotincludediagrams,astherearenoapplicationconfigurationissues
associatedwithit.
DiagramsonlyshowapplicationofthedefinitiontothespecificElementinquestion,aspreviouslyexplained.
BlueindicatesthatanElementisincludedintheBES.
GreenindicatesthatanElementisnotincludedintheBES.
BlackindicatesElementsthatarenotevaluatedforthespecificexclusiondepictedintheindividual
diagramsbeingshown
26of85
Exclusions
III.1 BES Exclusion E1

E1.Radialsystems:AgroupofcontiguoustransmissionElementsthatemanatesfromasinglepointof
connectionof100kVorhigherand:
a.) OnlyservesLoad.Or,
b.) Onlyincludesgenerationresources,notidentifiedinInclusionsI2,I3,orI4,withanaggregatecapacity
lessthanorequalto75MVA(grossnameplaterating).Or,
c.) WheretheradialsystemservesLoadandincludesgenerationresources,notidentifiedinInclusionsI2,
I3,orI4,withanaggregatecapacityofnonretailgenerationlessthanorequalto75MVA(gross
nameplaterating).
Note1Anormallyopenswitchingdevicebetweenradialsystems,asdepictedonprintsoroneline
diagramsforexample,doesnotaffectthisexclusion.
Note2Thepresenceofacontiguousloop,operatedatavoltagelevelof50kVorless,between
configurationsbeingconsideredasradialsystems,doesnotaffectthisexclusion.
Single point of connection

Thesinglepointofconnectionof100kVorhigheriswheretheradialsystemwillbeginifitmeetsthecriteria
ofExclusionE1,includingpartsa,b,orc.Forexample,thestartoftheradialsystemmaybeahardtapofthe
Transmissionline,orcouldbethetappointwithinaringorbreakerandahalfbusconfiguration.
Theconnectiontotheradialsystemmustbefromonlyonepointat100kVorhigher.Anygroupofcontiguous
transmissionElementsthathavemultipleconnectionsat100kVorhigherdonotqualifyforExclusionE1.
Normallyopenswitchingdevicesbetweenradialsystems,willnotdisqualifyaradialsystemfromthisexclusion.
sub100kVloopedFacilitiesregardlessofvoltagelevelalteringpreviousguidanceontheevaluationofradial
systems.Thismeantthatiftherewasaconnectionatthesub100kVlevelbetweentwosystemsthatwould
previouslyhavebeenconsideredasradial,saidsystemscouldnotbeevaluatedforpossibleradialsystem
exclusion.However,thedraftingteamdevelopedatechnicaljustificationestablishing50kVasathreshold
valueforsub100kVloopedfacilities.Ifthesub100kVloopis50kVorless,itwasshownthatitwouldnothave
animpactontheBESandthusanentitycouldstillapplyExclusionE1totheconfiguration.Iftheloopin
questionwasgreaterthan50kV,thenanentitycouldnotconsiderthesystemsasradialandwouldneedto
evaluatethemunderthecriteriaofExclusionE3ifseekingtoexcludetheFacilitiesfromtheBES.
Theevaluationofsub100kVloopsassociatedwiththeevaluationofElementsundertheE1exclusionisusedas
aqualifierforthepotentialexclusionoftheElementsthatoperateatorabove100kV.
FailuretomeetthebrightlinecriteriaestablishedbyExclusionE1doesnotresultintheinclusionof
thesub100kVloopsintheBES.
OrderNo.773,paragraph155states:
Thus,theCommission,whiledisagreeingwithNERCsinterpretation,doesnotproposetoincludethe
below100kVelementsinfigure3inthebulkelectricsystem,unlessdeterminedotherwiseinthe
exceptionprocess.
OrderNo.773A,paragraph36states:
Moreover,asnotedintheFinalRule,thesub100kVelementscomprisingradialsystemsandlocal
networkswillnotbeincludedinthebulkelectricsystem,unlessdeterminedotherwiseintheexception
process.
27of85
Exclusions
Evaluation of single points of connection within radial systems under consideration

Iftheradialsystembeingevaluatedforexclusionemanatesfromasinglepointofconnectionof100kVorhigher
butdoesnotmeetthecriteriaestablishedinExclusionE1,includingpartsa,b,orc,thentheradialsystemdoes
notqualifyforexclusionfromtheBESasaradialsystemdescribedinExclusionE1anditsparts.However,
furtherevaluationoftheunderlyingElementswithintheoriginalradialsystemmaybeappropriate.Underlying
radialsystems,whichemanatefromasinglepointofconnectionof100kVorhigher,mayqualifyforexclusion
asradialsystemsofcontiguoustransmissionElementswithintheoriginalareaofconsiderationifthecriterion
establishedinExclusionE1,includingpartsa,b,orc,ismetfortheseFacilities.Suchevaluationsarenotshown
inthefiguresinthissectionwhichconcentrateonthebiggerpicture,butaredetailedinthesummarydiagrams
inSectionIVwherethehierarchicalapplicationofthedefinitionisdescribedandshown.(SeeFiguresS110and
S110aofthisdocumenttoviewexamplesofthehierarchicalapplicationoftheBESdefinitionwithrespectto
ExclusionE1.)
"transmission Element"
ThewordtransmissionisnotcapitalizedandisusedasaqualifiertothewordElementandismeantto
differentiatebetweenthetypesofElementsthatareidentifiedintheNERCGlossaryofTermsUsedinNERC
ReliabilityStandardsdefinitionofElement.
Element(NERCGlossaryofTerms):
Anyelectricaldevicewithterminalsthatmaybeconnectedtootherelectricaldevicessuchasa
generator,transformer,circuitbreaker,bussection,ortransmissionline.Anelementmaybecomprised
ofoneormorecomponents.
Theuseofthewords:agroupofcontiguoustransmissionElements,meansElementsat100kVorhigherthat
areconnectedinacontiguousmanner.ThisgroupofcontiguoustransmissionElementsservestheradialsystem
butdoesnotincludetheElementsthatareoperatedbelow100kV.
Non-retail Generation
Nonretailgenerationisanygenerationthatisnotbehindaretailcustomersmeter.Theradialsystemis
limitedtolessthan75MVAofnonretailgeneration.
RetailgenerationisbehindthemetergenerationwithallorsomeofthegenerationservingLoad.TheNERC
GlossaryofTermsUsedinNERCReliabilityStandardsdefinesLoadasan end-use device or customer that
receives power from the electric system.
ForretailgenerationmeetingthecriteriaestablishedbyExclusionE2,theretailgenerationnotconsumedonsite
canflowtotheBESprovidedthenetcapacitytotheBESdoesnotexceed75MVA.
TheMVAnameplateratingofretailgenerationcanaffecttheabilityofanentitytoutilizeExclusionE1(See
E1.b).
Reactive Resources
ExclusionE1providesfortheexclusionoftransmissionElementsfromradialsystemsthatmeetthespecific
criteriaidentifiedintheexclusionlanguage.ThisdoesnotallowfortheexclusionofReactivePowerresources
capturedbyInclusionI5.ExclusionE1onlyspeakstothetransmissioncomponentoftheradialsystem.
Generation Limits
Therearetwoconditionsunderwhichgenerationresourcescanpreventaradialsystemfromqualifyingfor
ExclusionE1:
1. AnygenerationwithintheradialsysteminquestionisidentifiedinInclusionI2,I3,orI4;or
28of85
Exclusions
2. Theaggregatenameplatecapacityofthenonretailgenerationcapacitywithintheradialsystemin
questionexceeds75MVA.
Ifeitheroftheseconditionsapplies,theradialsystemdoesnotqualifyforExclusionE1.
ExclusionE1allowsfortheexclusionofcontiguoustransmissionElements(i.e.,transformers,circuitbreakers,
bussections,Transmissionlines,etc.)emanatingfromasinglepointofconnectionatavoltageof100kVor
higher.
Note:FiguresE11throughE120aredepictionsoftheapplicationofExclusionE1,andareintendedtoassistthe
29of85
Exclusions
E1.aServes Load Only
FigureE11depictsaradialsystemthatcontainsonlyLoad.ThereisnolimittotheamountofLoadwithinthe
radialsystem.
FigureE11:RadialSystem:ServingOnlyLoad
30of85
Exclusions
FigureE12depictsaconfigurationthatcontainstwoseparateradialsystemsduetotheunderlyingloop
operatingatavoltageof<50kV.
FigureE12:MultipleRadialSystems(UnderlyingLoopFacilities<50kV)
31of85
Exclusions
FigureE13depictsaconfigurationthatcontainsasub100kVloop(greaterthan50kV),whichcannotbe
evaluatedunderthecriteriaestablishedinExclusionE1andcanonlybeevaluatedunderthecriteriaestablished
inExclusionE3(SeediagramE34).
FigureE13:ImpactofSub100kVLoopedFacilities
32of85
Exclusions
E1.bGeneration Only
FigureE14depictsaradialsystemwithasinglegenerationresource(nonretail)andnoLoad.
FigureE14:RadialSystem:SingleBESGenerationResource
33of85
Exclusions
FigureE15depictsaradialsystemwithasinglegenerationresource(nonretail)andnoLoad.
FigureE15:RadialSystem:SinglenonBESGenerationResource
34of85
Exclusions
FigureE16depictsaradialsystemwithaBlackstartResource,andnoLoad.TheRadialSystemdoesnotmeet
theexclusioncriteriaofE1.bduetothepresenceoftheBlackstartResource.
FigureE16:RadialSystem:BlackstartResource
35of85
Exclusions
FigureE17depictsaradialsystemwithmultiplegenerationresources(nonretail)andnoLoad.Sincethearea
underconsiderationdoesnotmeetthecriteriaestablishedbyExclusionE1.b,furtherevaluationofthe
underlyingElementsmaybeappropriate.EachunderlyingElementmustmeetthecriteriaestablishedby
ExclusionE1,includingpartsa,b,orc,toqualifyforexclusionfromtheBES.Suchevaluationsarenotshownin
FigureE17,whichconcentratesonthebiggerpicture,butaredetailedinthesummarydiagramsinSectionIV
wherethehierarchicalapplicationofthedefinitionisdescribedandshown.
FigureE17:RadialSystem:Multiple(BES&nonBES)GenerationResources(NonRetail)
36of85
Exclusions
FigureE18depictsaradialsystemwithmultiplegenerationresourcesandnoLoad.Theaggregategross
nameplatevaluesofthegenerationresourcesexceedthe75MVAthresholdestablishedbyExclusionE1.b.
SincetheareaunderconsiderationdoesnotmeetthecriteriaestablishedbyExclusionE1.b,furtherevaluation
oftheunderlyingElementsmaybeappropriate.EachunderlyingElementmustmeetthecriteriaestablishedby
> 100 kV
The single point of connection is where the radial

system (group of contiguous transmission
Elements) emanates at a voltage of 100 kV or
higher from the Transmission system.
Blue identifies the BES (included)

radial system. The depicted radial
system does not meet the exclusion
criteria established in Exclusion E1b
due to the presence of > 75 MVA
gross aggregate nameplate rating of
connected non-retail generation
(actual 85 MVA).
15 MVA
Generator Site
Boundary
< 100kV
> 100kV
> 100 kV
> 100kV
< 100kV
Generator Site
Boundary
18 MVA
The non-retail generators have gross

individual nameplate ratings < 20 MVA
(actual 18 MVA, 16 MVA, 15 MVA, 14
MVA, 12 MVA, & 10 MVA). By
application of Inclusion I2 these units are
not considered a BES Element.
< 100kV / > 100kV
< 100kV / > 100kV
Generator Site
Boundary
Generator Site
Boundary
16 MVA
10 MVA
Generator Site Boundary
12 MVA
> 100kV
< 100kV
< 100kV
> 100kV
14 MVA
FigureE18:RadialSystem:Multiple(nonBES)GenerationResources(NonRetail)
37of85
Exclusions
FigureE19depictsaradialsystemwithmultiplegenerationresourcesandnoLoad.
> 100 kV

Green identifies the BES

(excluded) radial system. The
depicted radial system meets the
exclusion criteria established in
Exclusion E1b due to the presence of
< 75 MVA gross aggregate
nameplate rating of connected nonretail generation (actual 69 MVA).
15 MVA
< 100kV
> 100kV
Generator Site
Boundary
> 100 kV
Generator Site
Boundary
> 100kV
< 100kV
18 MVA

MVA, & 10 MVA). By application of
Inclusion I2 these units are not considered a
BES Element.
< 100kV / > 100kV

Generator Site
Boundary
10 MVA
12 MVA
> 100kV
< 100kV
< 100kV
> 100kV
14 MVA
FigureE19:RadialSystem:Multiple(nonBES)GenerationResources(NonRetail)
38of85
Exclusions
FigureE110depictsaradialsystemwithmultiplegenerationresources(retailandnonretail)andnoLoad.The
customerownedgeneration(retail)andassociatedcustomerownedequipmentareexcludedfromtheBESby
applicationofExclusionE2andisnotconsideredacomponentoftheaggregatedtotalgenerationwithinthe
radialsystem.
FigureE110:RadialSystem:Multiple(nonBES)GenerationResources(Retail&NonRetail)
39of85
Exclusions
E1.c - Generation and Serves Load
FigureE111depictsaradialsystemwithgenerationresources(nonretail)thatalsoservesLoad.Sincethearea
underconsiderationdoesnotmeetthecriteriaestablishedbyExclusionE1.c,furtherevaluationofthe
FigureE111:RadialSystem:GenerationResource(NonRetail)&ServingLoad
40of85
Exclusions
FigureE112depictsaradialsystemwithgenerationresources(nonretail)thatalsoservesLoad.
41of85
Exclusions
FigureE113depictsaradialsystemwithgenerationresources(nonretail)thatalsoservesLoad.Sincethearea
underconsiderationdoesnotmeetthecriteriaestablishedbyExclusionE1.c,furtherevaluationofthe
> 100 kV
Blue identifies the BES (included)

radial system. The depicted radial
system does not meet the exclusion
criteria established in Exclusion E1c
due to the presence of > 75 MVA
gross aggregate nameplate rating of
connected non-retail generation
(actual 85 MVA).

17 MVA
> 100 kV
> 100kV
< 100kV
Generator Site
Boundary
18 MVA

BES Element.
< 100kV / > 100kV

Generator Site
Boundary
To Load
18 MVA
< 100kV
> 100kV
> 100kV
< 100kV
17 MVA
Generator Site
Boundary
< 100kV
> 100kV
15 MVA
< 100kV
> 100kV
The substation
transformers are not
part of the BES since
both (primary and
secondary) terminals
are not operated at >
100 kV as per
Inclusion I1.

To Load
< 100kV / > 100kV
42of85
Exclusions
FigureE114depictsaradialsystemwithgenerationresources(nonretail)thatalsoservesLoad.
> 100 kV

Green identifies the BES

(excluded) radial system. The
depicted radial system meets the
Exclusion E1b due to the presence of
< 75 MVA gross aggregate
nameplate rating of connected nonretail generation (actual 69 MVA).
15 MVA
Generator Site
Boundary
< 100kV
> 100kV
> 100 kV
> 100kV
< 100kV
Generator Site
Boundary
18 MVA

BES Element.
< 100kV / > 100kV

Generator Site
Boundary
To Load
10 MVA
< 100kV / > 100kV
12 MVA
> 100kV
< 100kV
14 MVA
The substation transformers

are not part of the BES
since both (primary and
secondary) terminals are
not operated at > 100 kV as
per Inclusion I1.
To Load
< 100kV
> 100kV
< 100kV
> 100kV
43of85
Exclusions
FigureE115depictsaradialsystemwithgenerationresources(retailandnonretail)thatalsoservesLoad.
FigureE115:RadialSystem:GenerationResource(Retail&NonRetail)&ServingLoad
44of85
Exclusions
Normally open switching device

Radialsystemsshouldbeassessedwithallnormallyopen(N.O.)devicesintheopenposition.N.O.devices
installedatanyvoltagelevelwillnotpreventtheowneroroperatorfromusingthisexclusion.TheN.O.
device(s)mustbeidentifiedassuchonprintsandonelinediagramsthatareusedbytheoperatingentity.
FigureE116depictsmultipleradialsystemsseparatedbyaN.O.switchingdeviceoperatedat100kVorabove.
> 100 kV
The single point of connection is where
the radial system (group of contiguous
transmission Elements) emanates at a
voltage of 100 kV or higher from the
Transmission system.
The single point of connection is

where the radial system (group of
contiguous transmission
Elements) emanates at a voltage
of 100 kV or higher from the
> 100 kV
Green identifies non-BES

(excluded) radial systems.
The normally open (N.O.)

device between the radial
systems does not affect this
exclusion.
The substation transformers are not part of

the BES since both (primary and
secondary) terminals are not operated at >
100 kV as per Inclusion I1.
Substation
Boundary
> 100kV
< 100kV
Normally Open
(N.O.)
Substation
Boundary
> 100kV
< 100kV
< 100 kV
< 100 kV
To Load
The normally open (N.O.) device
between the radial sub-100 kV systems
does not affect this exclusion.
Normally Open
(N.O.)
To Load
FigureE116:RadialSystem:NormallyOpenSwitchingDevicebetweenLoadServingRadialSystems
45of85
Exclusions
exclusion.However,thedraftingteamdevelopedatechnicaljustificationestablishing50kVasathresholdvalue
forsub100kVloopedfacilities.Ifthesub100kVloopis50kVorless,itwasshownthatitwouldnothavean
impactontheBESandthusanentitycouldstillapplyExclusionE1totheconfiguration.Iftheloopinquestion
wasgreaterthan50kV,thenanentitycouldnotconsiderthesystemsasradialandwouldneedtoevaluate
themunderthecriteriaofExclusionE3ifseekingtoexcludetheFacilitiesfromtheBES.
exceptionprocess.
process.
Note:FiguresE117throughE120depictscenariosthatrequireevaluationbasedonthecriteriaestablishedin
theBESdefinitionasrevisedbytheFERCOrderanddescribedabove.
FigureE118depictsasituationwhichcannotbeevaluatedunderthecriteriaestablishedinExclusionE1andcan
onlybeevaluatedundertheExclusionE3criteriasincetheunderlyingloopis>50kV(seeFigureE36).
46of85
Exclusions
FigureE117:RadialSystem:NormallyOpenSwitchingDevicebetweenLoadServingRadialSystemswitha<50
kVLoop
47of85
Exclusions
onlybeevaluatedundertheExclusionE3criteriasincetheunderlyingloopis>50kV(seeFigureE36).
> 100 kV

> 100 kV

exclusion.

Substation
Boundary
> 100kV
< 100kV / > 50kV
Normally Open
(N.O.)
Substation
Boundary
> 100kV
< 100kV / > 50kV
< 100 kV / > 50 kV
< 100 kV / > 50 kV
To Load
The normally closed (N.C.) device
between the radial systems operating at
voltages < 100kV and > 50 kV affects this
exclusion.
Normally Closed
(N.C.)
To Load
FigureE118:ImpactofSub100kVLoopedFacilities(SwitchingDevicesIdentifiedN.O.>100kV&N.C.<100kV
&>50kV)
48of85
Exclusions
FigureE119depictsmultipleradialsystemswithaN.C.switchingdeviceoperatedat100kVorabovewithan
underlyingloopoperatingatvoltageslessorequalto50kV.
FigureE119:RadialSystem:NormallyClosedSwitchingDevice(>100kV)betweenLoadServingRadialSystems
witha<50kVLoop
49of85
Exclusions
onlybeevaluatedundertheExclusionE3criteriasincetheunderlyingloopis>50kV(seeFiguresE38).
> 100 kV

> 100 kV
The normally closed (N.C.)

systems operating at voltages
> 100kV requires evaluation
based on Exclusion E3.

Substation
Boundary
> 100kV
< 100kV / > 50kV
Normally Closed
(N.C.)
Substation
Boundary
> 100kV
< 100kV / > 50kV
< 100 kV / > 50 kV
< 100 kV / > 50 kV
To Load
between the radial systems operating at
voltages < 100kV and > 50 kV requires
evaluation based on Exclusion E3.
Normally Closed
(N.C.)
To Load
FigureE120:ImpactofSub100kVLoopedFacilities(SwitchingDevicesIdentifiedN.C.>100kV&N.C.<100kV
&>50kV)
50of85
Exclusions
E2.Ageneratingunitormultiplegeneratingunitsonthecustomerssideoftheretailmeterthatserveallorpart
oftheretailcustomerLoadwithelectricenergyonthecustomerssideoftheretailmeterif:(i)thenetcapacity
providedtotheBESdoesnotexceed75MVA,and(ii)standby,backup,andmaintenancepowerservicesare
providedtothegeneratingunitormultiplegeneratingunitsortotheretailLoadbyaBalancingAuthority,or
providedpursuanttoabindingobligationwithaGeneratorOwnerorGeneratorOperator,orunderterms
approvedbytheapplicableregulatoryauthority.
ExclusionE2providesfortheexclusionoftheRealPowerresourcesthatresidebehindtheretailmeter(onthe
customersside)andsupersedesInclusionI2.TheexclusionisarestatementoftheexclusioninSectionIII.c.4of
theEROStatementofComplianceRegistryCriteria(v.5),asclarifiedbytheSDTinresponsetoindustry
commentsandrecommendations:
Asageneralmatter,acustomerownedoroperatedgenerator/generationthatservesallor
partofretailloadwithelectricenergyonthecustomerssideoftheretailmetermaybe
excludedasacandidateforregistrationbasedonthesecriteriaif(i)thenetcapacityprovidedto
theBulkPowerSystemdoesnotexceedthecriteriaaboveortheRegionalEntityotherwise
determinesthegeneratorisnotmaterialtotheBulkPowerSystemand(ii)standby,backupand
maintenancepowerservicesareprovidedtothegeneratorortotheretailloadpursuanttoa
bindingobligationwithanothergeneratorowner/operatororundertermsapprovedbythelocal
regulatoryauthorityortheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission,asapplicable.
ExclusionE2isdedicatedtothesituationfacedbybehindthemeter(i.e.,retailcustomerowned)generation
thatarequalifyingfacilitiesasdefinedbythePublicUtilityRegulatoryPoliciesAct(PURPA)intheUS(e.g.,see18
CFRPart292fortheregulationsthatareapplicableintheUS),andsimilarlysituatedfacilitiesinCanada.These
facilitiesoftenreferredtoascombinedheatandpower(CHP)facilitiesarecommonlyemployedatpetroleum
refineries,chemicalandfoodprocessingplants,pulpandpapermills,steelmills,andlargecommercial
applicationsrequiringbothelectricalandthermalenergy.
TheprimarypurposeofretailcustomerownedgenerationinthecontextofExclusionE2istheintegrityofsteam
productionthatsupportsamanufacturingprocess.TheelectricalLoadofthathostprocessdoesnotexist
withoutsteam.However,ExclusionE2mightapplytoothersituationsaswell.
ExclusionE2referencesthenetgeneration(inMWs)sincethatishowthegenerationisoperated,andthe
residual(net)amountexportedtotheBESiswhatisdeemedrelevanttotheexclusionandreliability,notthe
nameplateratinginMVA.TheRealPower(physical)exportissubjecttoa75MVAthreshold.Condition(ii)in
ExclusionE2isderivedfromFERCorprovincialregulationsapplicabletoqualifyingcogenerationandsmall
powerproductionfacilities(i.e.,QFs).Forexample,see18CFR292.101and292.305(b)fortherequirements
specifictotheUS.Condition(ii)requiresthatthegenerationservingtheretailcustomerLoadselfprovide
reserves(i.e.,standby,backup,andmaintenancepower),andisessentialfortheintegrityoftheexclusion.
Thesereservesmaintainsteamgenerationandtheloadtosustainthemanufacturingprocess.IntheUS,the
termsandconditionsofstandby,backup,andmaintenanceservicesaredefinedandadministeredbyState
PublicServiceCommissions(PSC)(i.e.,theapplicableregulatoryauthorityintheUS)subjecttoFERCoversight.
TheseservicesareprovidedundercontractortariffwithGeneratorOwners,GeneratorOperators,orBalancing
AuthoritiesinregionsthatdonothaveIndependentSystemOperators(ISOs)orRegionalTransmission
Operators(RTOs),andprovidedbyISOsandRTOswhereorganizedmarketsoperate.Thesetermsand
conditionswillbeunderstoodinBalancingAuthorityAreaswhereitisapplicable,asitreflectsexistingindustry
practice.
MultipleconnectionpointstotheBESdonotprecludetheuseofExclusionE2.
51of85
Exclusions
Net capacity
ThenetcapacitydeterminationforExclusionE2isthenetflowtotheBESasmeasuredbyintegratedhourly
revenuemeteringforthemostrecent12monthperiod.PeriodsofnetcapacitytotheBESthatexceedthe
thresholdvaluewhendirectedbytheapplicableBalancingAuthoritydonotprecludetheabilitytoutilizethis
exclusion.
Note:FiguresE21andE22aredepictionsoftheapplicationofExclusionE2andareintendedtoassisttheuser
duringthehierarchicalapplicationoftheBESdefinition.
FigureE21depictscustomerownedgenerationresidingbehindtheretailmeter.Thecogenerationoperationis
resultinginanetcapacitytotheBESof50MVA.
Cogeneration Operation: Net capacity to the BES is < 75 MVA (Actual 50

MVA) and standby power has been secured in accordance with the language
in Exclusion E2
> 100kV
The point of connection is where

the customer owned equipment is
connected to the 100 kV or higher
Transmission system. (Note: This
point is specified in the respective
Interconnection Agreements.)
50 MVA to BES
100 MVA to
Industrial Process
> 100kV/< 100kV
Boiler
> 100kV
< 100kV
150 MVA
Customer owned generation

behind the customers meter
is excluded from the BES by
application of Exclusion E2:
Net capacity to the BES
is less than 75 MVA
(Actual 50MVA), and
Standby power has been
secured in accordance
with the language in
Exclusion E2.
FigureE21:BehindtheMeterGeneration:NetCapacitytotheBESLessThan75MVA
52of85
Exclusions
FigureE22depictscustomerownedgenerationresidingbehindtheretailmeter.Thecogenerationoperationis
resultinginanetcapacitytotheBESof100MVA.
FigureE22:BehindtheMeterGeneration:NetCapacitytotheBESGreaterThan75MVA
53of85
Exclusions
E3.Localnetworks(LN):AgroupofcontiguoustransmissionElementsoperatedatlessthan300kVthat
distributepowertoLoadratherthantransferbulkpoweracrosstheinterconnectedsystem.LNsemanatefrom
multiplepointsofconnectionat100kVorhighertoimprovethelevelofservicetoretailcustomers,andnotto
accommodatebulkpowertransferacrosstheinterconnectedsystem.TheLNischaracterizedbyallofthe
following:
Limitsonconnectedgeneration:TheLNanditsunderlyingElementsdonotincludegenerationresources
identifiedinInclusionsI2,I3,orI4,anddonothaveanaggregatecapacityofnonretailgeneration
greaterthan75MVA(grossnameplaterating);
RealPowerflowsonlyintotheLNandtheLNdoesnottransferenergyoriginatingoutsidetheLNfor
deliverythroughtheLN;and
NotpartofaFlowgateortransferpath:TheLNdoesnotcontainanypartofapermanentFlowgatein
theEasternInterconnection,amajortransferpathwithintheWesternInterconnection,oracomparable
monitoredFacilityintheERCOTorQuebecInterconnections,andisnotamonitoredFacilityincludedin
anInterconnectionReliabilityOperatingLimit(IROL).
ExclusionE3isanexclusionforthecontiguoustransmissionElementsthatoperateatorabove100kVbutless
than300kVandemanatefrommultiplepointsofconnectionat100kVorhigher.Thelocalnetworkexclusionis
notdependentontheexistenceofaswitchingdeviceatthepointsofconnectiontotheBES(i.e.,automatic
interruptingdevice,manualdisconnects,etc.).Generationresourcesconnectedwithinthelocalnetwork,power
flowcriteria,andElementclassification(i.e.,Flowgate,transferpath)arequalifiersforthisexclusion.
ExclusionE3doesnotallowfortheexclusionofgenerationresourcesthatmeetthecriteriaforgeneration
resourcesasdescribedinInclusionsI2,I3,andI4.Reactiveresourcesthatmeetthecriteriadescribedin
InclusionI5cannotbeexcludedbyapplicationofExclusionE3.ThepresenceofReactiveresourcesdoesnot
precludetheabilitytoinvokeExclusionE3.ExclusionE3allowsfortheexclusionofcontiguoustransmission
Elements(i.e.,transformers,circuitbreakers,bussections,andtransmissionlines)emanatingfrommultiple
pointsofconnectionatavoltageof100kVorhigher.
ThepowerflowcriteriondescribestheRealtimeoperationalcharacteristicsofthelocalnetwork.And,by
definition,thelocalnetwork,cannotbepartofadesignatedFlowgateortransferpath.
sub100kVloopedFacilitiesregardlessofvoltagelevelalteringpreviousguidanceontheevaluationoflocal
networks.Thismeantthatiftherewasaconnectionatthesub100kVlevelbetweentwosystemsthatwould
54of85
Exclusions
exceptionprocess.
process.
Entitiesshouldbepreparedtojustifylocalnetworkdeterminations.
Reactive Resources
ReactiveresourcesthatmeetthecriteriadescribedinInclusionI5cannotbeexcludedbyapplicationofExclusion
E3.ThepresenceofreactiveresourcesdoesnotprecludetheabilitytoinvokeExclusionE3.
Generation Limits
TherearetwoconditionsunderwhichgenerationresourcescanpreventanetworkfromqualifyingforExclusion
E3:
1. Theaggregatenameplatecapacityofthenonretailgenerationcapacitywithinthenetworkinquestion
exceeds75MVA;or
2. AnygenerationwithinthelocalnetworkinquestionisidentifiedinInclusionI2,I3,orI4.
Ifeitheroftheseconditionsapplies,thenetworkdoesnotqualifyforExclusionE3.
Power Flow at BES Interface

AnentitywhodeterminesthatalloraportionofitsFacilitiesmeetthelocalnetworkexclusionshouldbeableto
demonstrate,byinspectionofactualsystemdata,thatflowofpowerisalwaysintothelocalnetworkateach
pointofinterfacewiththeBESatalltimes.TheSDTsintentwasthathourlyintegratedpowerflowvaluesover
thecourseofthemostrecenttwoyearperiodwouldbesufficienttomakesuchademonstration.
InorderfortransmissionElementstoqualifyforExclusionE3,powerflowdirectionatallpointsofBESinterface
mustbeintothelocalnetworkunderalloperatingconditions.Therefore,thesecondcharacteristicofExclusion
E3(E3.b)that:theLNdoesnottransferenergyoriginatingoutsidetheLNfordeliverythroughtheLNwill
alsobesatisfiedinthatenergyisnotbeingtransferredthroughthelocalnetwork.
Voltage Thresholds
ThelocalnetworkexclusionappliestoelectrictransmissionElementsoperatedbelow300kV,andcannotextend
toanyFacilitiesoperatedabove300kV.Facilitiesoperatedbelow100kVareexcludedfromtheBESby
applicationofthecoredefinition.
IfthecandidatelocalnetworkdoesnotqualifyforExclusionE3,thenfurtherevaluationoftheunderlying
Elementsmaybeappropriatebasedonothercriteriawithinthedefinition.EachunderlyingElementmustmeet
thecriteriaestablishedbyExclusionE3,includingpartsa,b,andc,toqualifyforexclusionfromtheBES.Such
evaluationsarenotshowninFiguresE31throughE39,whichconcentrateonthebiggerpicture,butare
detailedinthesummarydiagramsinSectionIVwherethehierarchicalapplicationofthedefinitionisdescribed
andshown.
Note:FiguresE31throughE39aredepictionsoftheapplicationofExclusionE3andareintendedtoassistthe
55of85
Exclusions
FigureE31depictsanexcludedlocalnetworkwhichcontainsretailandnonretailgenerationresourcesandalsoservesLoad.Thelocalnetworkoperates
atavoltageof138kVandhasnonretailgenerationresourceswithanaggregatenameplateratingof40MVAandpoweronlyflowsintothelocal
networkateachpointofconnection.
FigureE31:LocalNetwork(nonBES)withRetail&NonRetailGenerationResources&ServingLoad
56of85
Exclusions
FigureE32showshowthepresenceofaBESgeneratoraffectsthestatusofapotentiallocalnetwork.Notethatfurtherevaluationofunderlying
elementsmayberequiredtocompletethefullapplicationofthedefinition.Asnotedabove,suchevaluationisnotshownintheindividualsectionsof
thisdocumentbutmaybeseeninthesystemdiagrams.
FigureE32:LocalNetwork(BES)withRetail&NonRetailGenerationResources&ServingLoad
57of85
Exclusions
FigureE33depictsalocalnetworkwhichcontainsretailandnonretailgenerationresourcesandalsoservesLoad.Thelocalnetworkdoesnotmeetthe
criteriaestablishedbyExclusionE3inthatpowerflowsoutofthelocalnetworkatoneofthepointsofconnectiontotheinterconnectedTransmission
system.Notethatfurtherevaluationofunderlyingelementsmayberequiredtocompletethefullapplicationofthedefinition.Asnotedabove,such
evaluationisnotshownintheindividualsectionsofthisdocumentbutmaybeseeninthesystemdiagrams.
FigureE33:LocalNetwork(BES)withRetail&NonRetailGenerationResources&ServingLoad
58of85
Exclusions
exceptionprocess.
process.
Note:FiguresE34throughE39depictscenariosthatrequireevaluationbasedonthecriteriaestablishedinthe
BESdefinitionasrevisedbytheFERCOrderanddescribedabove.
59of85
Exclusions
FigureE34depictsasituationwhichrequiresevaluationbasedontheExclusionE3criteria(seeFigureE13).
FigureE34:LocalNetwork(nonBES)withSub100kVLoop
60of85
Exclusions
FigureE35duplicatestheconfigurationofFigureE34,howeversincepowerisflowingoutofthepotentiallocal
network,thisconfigurationdoesnotqualifyasalocalnetworkbasedontheExclusionE3criteria.
FigureE35:LocalNetwork(BES)withSub100kVLoop
61of85
Exclusions
FigureE36depictsasituationwhichrequiresevaluationbasedontheExclusionE3criteria(seeFigureE118).
FigureE36:LocalNetwork(nonBES)withSub100kVLoopedFacilities(SwitchingDevicesIdentified:N.O.>100
kV&N.C.<100kV/>50kV)
62of85
Exclusions
FigureE37duplicatestheconfigurationofFigureE36,howeversincepowerisflowingoutofthepotentiallocal
network,thisconfigurationdoesnotqualifyasalocalnetworkbasedontheExclusionE3criteria.Sincethearea
underconsiderationdoesnotmeetthecriteriaestablishedbyExclusionE3,furtherevaluationoftheunderlying
Elementsmaybeappropriate.EachunderlyingElementmustmeetthecriteriaestablishedbyExclusionE3,
includingpartsa,b,orc,toqualifyforexclusionfromtheBES.SuchevaluationsarenotshowninFigureE39,
whichconcentratesonthebiggerpicture,butaredetailedinthesummarydiagramsinSectionIVwherethe
hierarchicalapplicationofthedefinitionisdescribedandshown.
< 300 kV
The presence of the sub-100 kV loop establishes
multiple points of connection at a voltage level
of 100 kV or higher to the Transmission
System.
Power
Flow
< 300 kV
Power
Flow
The network does not meet the

Exclusion E3 due to power
flowing out of the networked
system (E3b.).


exclusion.
Normally Open
(N.O.)
Substation
< 300kV
Boundary
< 100kV / > 50kV
< 300kV
Substation < 100kV / > 50kV
Boundary
< 100 kV / > 50 kV
< 100 kV / > 50 kV
< 100 kV / > 50 kV

To Load
Normally Closed
between the sub-100 kV systems
(N.C.)
establishes a loop configuration which
requires evaluation based on Exclusion E3.
To Load
FigureE37:LocalNetwork(BES)withSub100kVLoopedFacilities(SwitchingDevicesIdentified:N.O.>100kV
&N.C.<100kV/<50kV)
63of85
Exclusions
FigureE38depictsasituationwheretheconfigurationestablishesmultipleloopsthatrequireevaluationbased
ontheExclusionE3criteria(seeFigureE120).
FigureE38:LocalNetwork(nonBES)withSub100kVLoopedFacilities(SwitchingDevicesIdentified:N.C.>100
kV&N.C.<100kV/>50kV)
64of85
Exclusions
FigureE39depictsasituationwheretheconfigurationestablishesmultipleloopsthatrequireevaluationbased
ontheExclusionE3criteria.Sincetheareaunderconsiderationdoesnotmeetthecriteriaestablishedby
ExclusionE3,furtherevaluationoftheunderlyingElementsmaybeappropriate.EachunderlyingElementmust
meetthecriteriaestablishedbyExclusionE3,includingpartsa,b,orc,toqualifyforexclusionfromtheBES.
SuchevaluationsarenotshowninFigureE39,whichconcentratesonthebiggerpicture,butaredetailedinthe
summarydiagramsinSectionIVwherethehierarchicalapplicationofthedefinitionisdescribedandshown.
FigureE39:LocalNetwork(BES)withSub100kVLoopedFacilities(SwitchingDevicesIdentified:N.C.>100kV&
N.C.<100kV/>50kV)
65of85
Exclusions

E4.ReactivePowerdevicesinstalledforthesolebenefitofaretailcustomer(s).
ExclusionE4isdependentontheintendedfunctionoftheReactiveResource;therefore,figureswerenot
developedforExclusionE4duetothesimplicityofthelanguageintheexclusion.
66of85
IV. Hierarchical Application of the Definition

Thehierarchicalapplicationofthedefinitionisdepictedinaseriesofdiagramsbasedonafictionalsystem
configurationandfollowsthesequencedapplicationofthedefinitiondescribedbelow.
TheapplicationofthebrightlineBESdefinitionisathreestepprocessthat,whenappropriatelyapplied,will
identifythevastmajorityofBESElementsinaconsistentmannerthatcanbeappliedonacontinentwidebasis.
STEP1:COREDEFINITION:Thecoredefinitionisusedtoestablishthebrightlineof100kV,theoverall
demarcationpointbetweenBESandnonBESElements.ThecoreBESdefinitionidentifiestheRealPowerand
ReactivePowerresourcesconnectedat100kVorhigher,asincludedintheBES.Tofullyappreciatethescopeof
thecoredefinition,anunderstandingofthetermElementisneeded.ElementisdefinedintheNERC
Glossaryas:Anyelectricaldevicewithterminalsthatmaybeconnectedtootherelectricaldevicessuchasa
generator,transformer,circuitbreaker,bussection,ortransmissionline.Anelementmaybecomprisedofone
ormorecomponents.
STEP2:INCLUSIONS:ThisstepinvolvesapplyingthespecificInclusions,providesadditionalclarificationforthe
purposesofidentifyingspecificElementsthatareincludedintheBES.TheInclusionsaddressTransmission
ElementsandRealPowerandReactivePowerresourceswithspecificcriteriatoprovideforaconsistent
determinationofwhetheranElementisclassifiedasBESornonBES.TherearefiveInclusionsintheDefinition.
ThefacilitiesdescribedinInclusionsI1,I2,I4andI5areeachoperated(iftransformersInclusionI1)or
connected(ifgeneratingresources,dispersedpowerproducingresourcesorReactivePowerresources
InclusionsI2,I4andI5)atorabovethe100kVthreshold.InclusionI3encompassesBlackstartResources
identifiedinaTransmissionOperatorsrestorationplan,whicharenecessaryforthereliableoperationofthe
interconnectiontransmissionsystemandshouldbeincludedintheBESregardlessoftheirsize(MVA)orthe
voltageatwhichtheyareconnected.
STEP3:EXCLUSIONS:ThisstepevaluatesspecificsituationsforpotentialexclusionfromtheBES.Theexclusion
languageiswrittentospecificallyidentifyElementsorgroupsofElementsforexclusionfromtheBES.Stepthree
(3)shouldbeappliedinthefollowingsequence:
ExclusionE2(BehindtheMeterGeneration)providesforthespecificexclusionofcertainRealPowerresources
thatresidebehindtheretailmeter(onthecustomersside)andsupersedesthemoregeneralInclusionI2
(GeneratingResources).Behindthemetergenerationthatmeetsthesespecificcriteriadonotaffectreliability
oftheBESbecausethenetcapacitysuppliedtotheBESislessthan75MVAandthespecificcriteriaimpose
obligationstosupportreliabilitywhentheresourcesareunavailable.
ExclusionE4(ReactivePowerDevices)providesforthespecificexclusionofReactivePowerdevicesinstalledfor
thesolebenefitofaretailcustomer(s)andsupersedesthemoregeneralInclusionI5(StaticorDynamicReactive
PowerDevices).ReactivePowerdevicesinstalledforthesolebenefitofaretailcustomerare,bydefinition,not
requiredforoperationoftheinterconnectedtransmissionsystem.
ExclusionE3(LocalNetworks)providesfortheexclusionoflocalnetworksthatmeetthespecificcriteria
identifiedintheexclusionlanguage.ExclusionE3doesnotallowfortheexclusionofRealPowerandReactive
PowerresourcescapturedbyInclusionsI2throughI5.Ininstanceswhereatransformer(underInclusionI1)isan
Elementofalocalnetwork(underExclusionE3),thetransformerwouldbeexcludedpursuanttoExclusionE3.
ExclusionE3maynotbeusedtoexcludetransmissionElements(capturedbythecoredefinitionandInclusion
I1)whenRealPowerresourcesarepresentthatarecapturedbyInclusionI2,I3,orI4.Thisassuresthat
interconnectionfacilitiesforBESgeneratorsarenotexcluded.
67of85
HierarchicalApplicationoftheDefinition
ExclusionE1(RadialSystems)providesfortheexclusionoftransmissionElementsfromradialsystemsthatmeet
thespecificcriteriaidentifiedintheexclusionlanguage.ExclusionE1doesnotallowfortheexclusionofReal
PowerandReactivePowerresourcescapturedbyInclusionsI2throughI5.Ininstanceswhereatransformer
(underInclusionI1)isanElementofaradialsystem(underExclusionE1),thetransformerwouldbeexcluded
pursuanttoExclusionE1.ExclusionE1maynotbeusedtoexcludetransmissionElements(capturedbythecore
definitionandInclusionI1)whenRealPowerresourcesarepresentthatarecapturedbyInclusionI2,I3,orI4.
ThisassuresthatinterconnectionfacilitiesforBESgeneratorsarenotexcluded.
BlueindicatesthatanElementisincludedintheBES
GreenindicatesthatanElementisnotincludedintheBES
BlackindicatesElementsthatarenotevaluatedforthespecificexclusiondepictedintheindividual
diagramsbeingshown.
68of85
FigureS11:SystemDiagramBaseDiagram
69of85
345kV
345kV
< 100kV
345kV
< 100kV
345kV
230kV
345kV
230kV
750 MVA
1100 MVA
230kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
To Load
250 MVA
< 100kV
< 100kV / 230kV
138kV
M
15 MVA
To Load
To Load
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
To Load
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
<100kV
138kV
69kV
138kV
138kV
<100kV
To Load
138kV
69kV
25 MVA
15 MVA
Blackstart Resource
69kV
13.2kV
69kV
5 MVA
69kV / < 69kV
To Load
13.2kV
13.2kV
69kV
69kV
10 MVA
< 100kV
138kV
10 MVA
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
< 100kV
To Load
15 MVA
69kV
138kV
< 100kV
To Load
To Load
<69 kV
15 MVA
138kV
69kV
138kV
< 100kV
138kV
Assumptions:
Blue indicates designated monitored Facility of a permanent
Flowgate in the Eastern Interconnection, a major transfer path
within the Western Interconnection, or a comparable
monitored Facility in the ERCOT or Quebec
Interconnections, or is a monitored Facility included in an
Interconnection Reliability Operating Limit (IROL).
138kV
< 100kV
To Load
150 MVA
< 100kV / 138kV
FigureS12:SystemDiagramAssumptions
70of85
Figure S13: System Diagram Application of Core Definition
71of85
345kV
345kV
< 100kV
345kV
< 100kV
345kV
230kV
1100 MVA
345kV
230kV
750 MVA
230kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
To Load
250 MVA
< 100kV
< 100kV / 230kV
138kV
M
15 MVA
To Load
To Load
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
To Load
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
<100kV
138kV
69kV
138kV
138kV
<100kV
To Load
138kV
69kV
25 MVA
15 MVA
Blackstart Resource
69kV
13.2kV
69kV
5 MVA
< 100kV
To Load
To Load
<69 kV
15 MVA
138kV
69kV / < 69kV
To Load
13.2kV
13.2kV
69kV
69kV
138kV
< 100kV
To Load
Step 2a: Application of Inclusion I1.

15 MVA
69kV
138kV
10 MVA
< 100kV
138kV
10 MVA
< 100kV
138kV
69kV
138kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
Blue indicates all transformers with the primary terminal and at

least one secondary terminal operated at 100 kV (BES).
< 100kV
To Load
Green indicates transformers that do not have a primary

terminal and at least one secondary terminal operated at 100 kV
(non-BES).
Note: Generator step-up transformers are addressed by
Inclusion I2 (Step 2b.).
FigureS14:SystemDiagramApplicationofInclusionI1
72of85
150 MVA
< 100kV / 138kV
73of85
345kV
345kV
< 100kV
345kV
< 100kV
345kV
230kV
1100 MVA
345kV
230kV
750 MVA
230kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
To Load
250 MVA
< 100kV
< 100kV / 230kV
138kV
M
15 MVA
To Load
To Load
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
To Load
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
<100kV
138kV
69kV
138kV
138kV
<100kV
To Load
138kV
69kV
25 MVA
15 MVA
Blackstart Resource
69kV
13.2kV
69kV
5 MVA
< 100kV
To Load
To Load
<69 kV
69kV / < 69kV
To Load
13.2kV
13.2kV
69kV
69kV
15 MVA
138kV
138kV
< 100kV
To Load
138kV
15 MVA
69kV
138kV
10 MVA
< 100kV
138kV
10 MVA
< 100kV
138kV
69kV
138kV
< 100kV
Step 2c: Application of Inclusion I3.

< 100kV
138kV
To Load
Blue indicates Blackstart Resources identified in the

Transmission Operators restoration plan (BES).
Note: Sub-100 kV Blackstart Resource Cranking Path
remains non-BES due to the presence of Load feed from
intermediate 69 kV bus.
74of85
150 MVA
< 100kV / 138kV
345kV
345kV
< 100kV
345kV
< 100kV
345kV
230kV
345kV
230kV
750 MVA
1100 MVA
230kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
To Load
250 MVA
< 100kV
< 100kV / 230kV
138kV
M
15 MVA
To Load
To Load
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
To Load
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
<100kV
138kV
69kV
138kV
138kV
<100kV
To Load
138kV
69kV
25 MVA
15 MVA
Blackstart Resource
69kV
13.2kV
69kV
5 MVA
< 100kV
To Load
To Load
<69 kV
69kV / < 69kV
To Load
13.2kV
13.2kV
69kV
69kV
15 MVA
138kV
138kV
< 100kV
To Load
138kV
15 MVA
69kV
138kV
10 MVA
< 100kV
138kV
10 MVA
< 100kV
138kV
69kV
138kV
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
Blue indicates all Elements identified as BES by

application of the core definition and the applicable
Inclusions.
Green indicates all Elements identified as non-BES by
application of the core definition and the applicable
Inclusions.
To Load
150 MVA
< 100kV / 138kV
FigureS17:SystemDiagramApplicationofCoreDefinition&Inclusions
75of85
345kV
345kV
< 100kV
345kV
< 100kV
345kV
230kV
345kV
230kV
750 MVA
1100 MVA
230kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
To Load
100 MVA
to BES
250 MVA
< 100kV
< 100kV / 230kV
138kV
M
15 MVA
To Load
To Load
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
To Load
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
<100kV
138kV
69kV
138kV
138kV
<100kV
To Load
138kV
69kV
25 MVA
15 MVA
Blackstart Resource
69kV
13.2kV
69kV
5 MVA
10 MVA
< 100kV
138kV
To Load
69kV / < 69kV
To Load
13.2kV
13.2kV
69kV
69kV
10 MVA
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
< 100kV
To Load
15 MVA
69kV
138kV
< 100kV
To Load
<69 kV
15 MVA
138kV
69kV
138kV
138kV
Step 3a: Application of Exclusion E2.
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
Blue indicates the generating unit that exceeds the net

capacity threshold (> 75 MVA) provided to the BES and
is identified as BES since it does not meet the exclusion
criteria established in Exclusion E2.
Green indicates the generating unit that meets the
criteria for exclusion under Exclusion E2 and is
identified as non-BES.
FigureS18:SystemDiagramApplicationofExclusionE2
76of85
To Load
150 MVA
25 MVA
to BES
< 100kV / 138kV
FigureS19:SystemDiagramApplicationofExclusionE3
77of85
FigureS19a:SystemDiagramApplicationofExclusionE3(EmbeddedLocalNetwork)
78of85
345kV
345kV
< 100kV
345kV
< 100kV
345kV
230kV
345kV
230kV
750 MVA
1100 MVA
230kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
230kV
138kV
To Load
100 MVA
to BES
250 MVA
< 100kV
< 100kV / 230kV
138kV
M
15 MVA
To Load
To Load
To Load
< 100kV
138kV
<100kV
138kV
< 100kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
Continued evaluation from Step

3b.2ii (Figure S1-9a) for
identified embedded radial
systems.
< 100kV
138kV
69kV
138kV
<100kV
To Load
138kV
69kV
25 MVA
15 MVA
Blackstart Resource
69kV
13.2kV
69kV
5 MVA
10 MVA
< 100kV
138kV
To Load
69kV / < 69kV
To Load
13.2kV
13.2kV
69kV
69kV
10 MVA
< 100kV
138kV
138kV
< 100kV
To Load
15 MVA
69kV
138kV
< 100kV
To Load
<69 kV
15 MVA
138kV
69kV
138kV
< 100kV
138kV
Step 3b.2iii Application of Exclusion E1.
138kV
< 100kV
The shaded area constitutes the only facilities being

evaluated by the application of Exclusion E1 on this
diagram. Green indicates radial facilities that meet the
criteria established by Exclusion E1a & E1b.
The single points of connection are where the
radial systems (group of contiguous
transmission Elements) emanate at a voltage of
100 kV or higher from the Transmission system.
FigureS19b:SystemDiagramApplicationofExclusionE3(EmbeddedRadialSystems)
79of85
To Load
150 MVA
25 MVA
to BES
< 100kV / 138kV
FigureS110:SystemDiagramApplicationofExclusionE1(Part1)
80of85
FigureS110a:SystemDiagramApplicationofExclusionE1(Part2)
81of85
FigureS111:SystemDiagramFullApplicationofBESDefinition
82of85
V.
Availability of Exception Process
IntheeventthattheBESdefinitiondesignatesanElementasBESthatanentitybelievesisnotnecessaryforthe
reliableoperationoftheinterconnectedTransmissionnetworkordesignatesanElementasnonBESthatan
entitybelievesisnecessaryforthereliableoperationoftheinterconnectedTransmissionnetwork,theERO
RulesofProcedureexceptionprocessmaybeutilizedonacasebycasebasistoeitherincludeorexcludean
Element.
TheexceptionprocesscanbefoundinSection5CoftheERORulesofProcedure:ProcedureforRequestingand
ReceivinganExceptionfromtheApplicationoftheNERCDefinitionofBulkElectricSystem.
83of85
VI. Version History
Version
Date
Action
Change Tracking
April 2013
Final Reference Document for Phase 1 BES

definition
New
April 2014
Updated to reflect definition approved by

FERC on March 20, 2014
Revision
84of85

Bes Phase2 Reference Document 20140325 Final Clean

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Bes Phase2 Reference Document 20140325 Final Clean

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Bulk Electric System

3353 Peachtree Road NE

II.1 BES Inclusion I1

II.2 BES Inclusion I2

II.3 BES Inclusion I3

II.4 BES Inclusion I4

Common Point of Connection

The point of aggregation is where the individual

II.4 BES Inclusion I5

III.1 BES Exclusion E1

Single point of connection

Evaluation of single points of connection within radial systems under consideration

E1.aServes Load Only

The single point of connection is where the radial

Blue identifies the BES (included)

The non-retail generators have gross

< 100kV / > 100kV

< 100kV / > 100kV

Generator Site Boundary

The single point of connection is where the radial

Green identifies the BES

The non-retail generators have gross

< 100kV / > 100kV

Generator Site Boundary

E1.c - Generation and Serves Load

Blue identifies the BES (included)

The single point of connection is where the radial

The non-retail generators have gross

< 100kV / > 100kV

Generator Site Boundary

The single point of connection is where the radial

Green identifies the BES

The non-retail generators have gross

< 100kV / > 100kV

< 100kV / > 100kV

Generator Site Boundary

The substation transformers

Normally open switching device

The single point of connection is

Green identifies non-BES

The normally open (N.O.)

The substation transformers are not part of

The single point of connection is

The normally open (N.O.)

The substation transformers are not part of

< 100 kV / > 50 kV

The single point of connection is

The normally closed (N.C.)

The substation transformers are not part of

< 100 kV / > 50 kV

III.2 BES Exclusion E2

Cogeneration Operation: Net capacity to the BES is < 75 MVA (Actual 50

The point of connection is where

> 100kV/< 100kV

Customer owned generation

III.3 BES Exclusion E3

Power Flow at BES Interface

The network does not meet the

The substation transformers are not part of

The normally open (N.O.)

< 100 kV / > 50 kV

< 100 kV / > 50 kV

< 100 kV / > 50 kV