Unit 1:

1. With suitable example differentiate between accuracy and precision in

measurement.
Ans:
2. Define: Readability, Reliability, Drift, Reproducibility, Dead Zone,
Hysteresis, Threshold, Sensitivity, Static Error, Dynamic Error.
3. Explain Primary, Secondary and Tertiary types of measurement with
examples.
Ans: PRIMARY, SECONDARY AND TERTIARY MEASUREMENTS
Measurements may be classified as primary, secondary and tertiary based
upon whether direct or indirect methods are used.
Primary Measurements:- A primary measurement is one that can be
made by direct observation
without
involving
any
conversion
(translation) of the measured quantity into length.
Example:(i) the matching of two lengths, such as when determining the length of an
object with a metre rod,
(ii) the matching of two colors, such as when judging the color of red hot
metals
Secondary Measurements: - A secondary measurement involves only
one translation (conversion) to be done on the quantity under
measurement to convert it into a change of length. The measured quantity
may be pressure of a gas, and therefore, may not be observable.
Therefore, a secondary measurement requires,
(i) an instrument which translates pressure changes into length changes,
and
(ii) a length scale or a standard which is calibrated in length units
equivalent to known changes in pressure.
Therefore, in a pressure gauge, the primary signal (pressure) is
transmitted to a translator and the secondary signal
(length) is
transmitted to observer's eye.
Tertiary Measurements:-A tertiary measurement involves two
translations. A typical example of such a measurement is the
measurement of temperature of an object by thermocouple. The primary
signal (temperature of object) is transmitted to a translator which
generates a voltage which is a function of the temperature. Therefore, first
translation is temperature to voltage. The voltage, in turn, is applied to a
voltmeter through a pair of wires. The second translation is then voltage
into length. The tertiary signal (length change) is transmitted to the
observer's brain. This tertiary measurement is depicted in, Fig. 2.1.

Fig. 2.1 A typical tertiary measurement.

4. Explain Types of Error in measurement.

Unit 2:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Describe the Data acquisition with neat Sketch.

Describe Construction and Working of Air mass Flow Sensor.
Discuss in brief active and passive Transducers.
Classify and explain different types of sensors and actuators.

Unit 3:
1. Enlist instrument used for temperature measurement in automobile and
explain any one with neat sketch.
2. Enlist instrument used for dynamic cylinder pressure measurement and
describe any one such instrument.
3. Enlist accelerometer and explain any one with neat sketch.
Unit 4:
1. Explain IS code for Engine testing.
2. Explain various types of instruments used for engine testing.
Unit 5:
1. Discuss the common warning and alarming instruments provided in
automobile.
2. Explain in brief brake actuating warning system.
3. Explain in brief horn circuit of automobile and why relay is used in horn
circuit?
4. Explain Tyre pressure measurement System.
Unit 6:
1. Explain in brief different types of vehicle testing.