* Choose the correct answer to this question: What does Will.I.

Am want to
say with these words?
b) He thinks the universe is too big to study it.

*Match these three words with a possible definition

Matter * * The capacity for doing work, for generating or suffering changes
Energy * * Something that occupies space
Space * * A three-dimensional extent in which objects and events occur

* Choose the correct answers:

- When the universe had cooled down after the Big Bang, the first stars,
galaxies and clusters of galaxies were formed.
The universe is bigger and bigger because it is expanding.

*Match the name to the definition and its picture:

Space telescope:
Astronomical space observatory
Radio telescope:
Antenna used in radio astronomy to study naturally occurring radio emission
from stars, galaxies, quasars, and other astronomical objects
Telescope:
A spacecraft capable of supporting a crew that studies the universe or do
experiments for many days
Planetary explorer:
Robot used in missions performing in situ exploration of the surface and
atmosphere for any planet outside the Earth
Artificial satellite:
Man-made object that orbits the Earth or other planets, such as Venus or
Mars
Spatial station:
A spacecraft capable of supporting a crew that studies the universe or do
experiments for many days

*They have discovered that superclusters:

d) are connected into structures called filaments forming a web, like a

sponge.

*All galaxies form part of a local group of galaxies perhaps

e)30 galaxies

*If we look farther up, we are part of the

d) Virgo supercluster of galaxies

* If you want to measure the diameter of the Earth, is the km a good unit?
a) Yes, it is a good unit because the value is not very big and it is not very
small.

* To measure distances in the Solar System, is the km a good unit?

b) No, it is a small unit, so that the numbers are very big

* Buzz Lightyear wants to travel to from Planet Earth to places in the

Universe never seen, but he does not know how to go from the closest
celestial bodies to the outer places. They are disordered. Put them in order
The correct order is:
A < E < B< D < F< G< C< H

* Match the words to the definition:

1.- The universe a) is a ball of very hot gas that produces energy 1-c 2.- A
galaxy b) is a large amount of stars, clouds and dust 2-b 3.- The Milky Way
c) is composed of galaxies, stars, nebulae, planets, dust, energy and even
time. 3-e 4.- A nebula d) is made of clouds of gas and dust where new star
are born. 4-d 5.- A star e) is the galaxy we live in 5-a

*The name of the Milky Way comes from:

A) The ancient Greeks
* The Milky Way, like all galaxies is:
A) A complex system of stars, planets, clouds of gas and other matter.
*A light-year is:
C) The distance the light travels in a year

* Our galaxy is:

B) Moving so that if will meet another galaxy called Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy

*Where does most star formation occur in the Milky Way today?
C. In the spiral arms

*What kind of object lie in the halo of our Galaxy?

D. All the above.

*Classify our galaxy:

- Spiral Galaxy

* All the stars in the sky appear to be points of light of the same size. But
stars are different in size. Look at this picture to compare the size of our sun
(yellow) with that of other stars. What do you think?
b) The sun is a middle-size star

* If we are far away brightness

b) Decreases

QUESTIONS FOR STUDENT B (STUDENT A

READS)
All stars are yellow F/ Energy in a star is produced by a combustion, like in a
fire F/ Stars show the same brightness F/ We can find dwarf stars and giant
stars T/ Stars twinkle F

QUESTIONS FOR STUDENT A (STUDENT B

READS)
All stars are orangeF / Some stars are only about 20 km in diameter T/ Stars
may dieT/ The sun is as big as 1300000 Earths T/ The sun rotates on its axis
T

Compare the stars in this picture. They are different in (mark the three
correct answers)

a. Size b. Colourd. Brightness

* Imagine we are comparing the size of the stars above. Complete with the
following words: bigger/smaller/biggest/smallest:
Betelgeuse is _ smaller _than Antares
Aldebarn is _ bigger _than Betelgeuse
Antares is the _ biggest _
The Sun is the _ smallest _

* The higher amount of energy the star releases, the higher the brightness
because the star gets hotter and the number of rays coming from the star
increase in number.

*Look at your classmate. What do you feel?

Do not talk about feelings, but about forces. You and your classmate are
attracted by gravity forces Do not take care of it. It is not emotional. It is
an unavoidable physical attraction because you both have mass.

*If we have several balls, they attract because they have mass. They are
pulled inward by gravity and they
a) get closer together

*Choose the picture that represents the best the effects of gravity on the
atoms of a star
A

*Imagine we have several balls in a pressure cooker and we heat them up,
they are pushed outward by pressure and they
b) move apart.

* Choose the picture that represents the best the effects of the energy
generated by fusion on the atoms of a star:
B

Realize that gravity and the energy produced by fusion have opposite
effects on the size of a star.

STUDENT A: Gravity pulls the atoms inward to the centre of the star and
makes the star to decrease its size.
STUDENT B: Energy generated by fusion push the atoms outward from the
centre of the star and makes the star to increase its size.

* Stars like the sun (about 5000 C superficial temperature) glow yellow, but
massive stars produce higher amounts of energy so they glow
a) Blue

* As the superficial temperature is cooler, the star shows a different colour.

It is ...
c) Red

*Match the process to the kind of the stage of a star:

1) Massive cloud of gas and dust are pulled together by gravity: C) Nebula
2) Hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium nuclei. Pressure and gravity are
balanced: A) Middle-size and massive stars
3) The energy produced by fusion of hydrogen is not enough to contrast the
gravity effects. The inner part of the star contracts. Helium nuclei fuse and
this extra energy expands the star. Surface: B) Red giant and supergian
stars

*Write the names of every moment in the life of a medium-size star.

1 Stellar nebula/ 2 Average star/ 3 Red giant/ 4 Nova/ 5 White dwarf/ 6
Brown dwarf

*Write the names of every stage in the life of a massive star.

1 Stellar nebula 2 Blue star 3 Red super-giant 4 Supernova 5 Neutron star 6
Black hole

*What is this? Be careful. It is not CD

It is a solar eruption. In this photo the sun is ejecting materials at 2200km/s

*Work in pairs to situate every layer name in the picture: Number 1 is layer
.
1 Corona 2 Chromosphere 3 Photosphere 4 Core 5 Intermediate zone

*Match the celestial body to the picture: 1.Sun:A /2.Planet:C/3.Natural

satellite:F/4.Dwarf planet:E/5.Comet:D/6.Asteroid:B

* Is the Solar System the only planetary system in our galaxy?

b) No, it is not.

PLANETS
Classification A:
Inferior Planets: Mercury Venus. Superior Planets: Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus
Neptune

* Where is the mistake?

Planet Earth is not a gas giant planet.

* Where is the mistake?

The moon is not a planet.

*Work in pairs: Look at the table above and guess the planet or planets we
are talking about:
-It has a very thin, almost undetectable atmosphere Mercury /Their
atmosphere consists of a thin layer composed mainly of carbon dioxide Mars
and Venus /Their atmospheres are similar to that of the Sun Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, Neptune/ Its atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen and
oxygen/ Earth

* Order the planets by size and answer:

STUDENT A: Terrestrial planets by size: Mercury < Mars < Venus < Earth/
STUDENT B: Gas giant planets by size: Neptune < Uranus < Saturn < Jupiter

* Work in pairs:
-What is the smallest planet in the solar system? Mercury
- What is the biggest one? Jupiter
- What planets are bigger, inner or outer planets? Outer planets, or gas giant
planets, are bigger than inner (and terrestrial) planets

* We can say that the orbit of the planets around the sun is:
d) Elliptical

Period of revolution of the planets

* As distance from the sun increases the period of revolution: a) increases
* What graphic, A or B, represents the Period of revolution vs the mean
distance from the Sun: A
* How long takes Earth to complete one turn? 23 h 56 min 4 s.
* What is the planet with the longest day? Venus, with 243 Earth days.

* Decide what kind of planets show rings:

c) Gas giant planets

*Compare the characteristics of a planet and those of a dwarf planet and

write a sentence:
A planet has sufficient mass to have cleared the neighbourhood around its
orbit however a dwarf planet is not so massive and it has not attracted the
materials surrounded it. To put it simply, a planet has cleared its
neighbourhood, but a dwarf planets has not.

* Why is Pluto considered a dwarf planet?

It has not a cleared neighbourhood.