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MODUL PERKULIAHAN

Komputer
dan
Masyarakat
E-Business & ECommerce

Fakultas
ILMU KOMPUTER

Program
Studi

SISTEM
INFORMASI

Tatap
Muka

06

Abstract

Definisi
e-Business
&
eCommerce
Implementasi E-Business
Strategi penerapan e-business
di Indonesia

Kode MK

Disusun Oleh

87019

Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Kompetensi
Mahasiswa mampu membedakan ebusiness dengan e-commerce.
Mampu memberikan contoh penerapan
e-business dan e-commerce.
Mampu membedakan jenis-jenis ebusiness

E-Business
Definisi E-Business

E-Business is defined as the complex fusion of business processes, enterprise


applications, and organizational structure necessary to create a high performance
business model.

The E-Business advantageous :

Streamlining the business process

Improving productivity and efficiency

Shortening the delivery time to customer

Offering more competitive products/services to customer

Improving customer service system

1. Business Processes : Any processes in business functionalities, related with the effort to
create the products & services
2. Productivity : People can do more job with a better and more accurate result
3. Efficiency : People can do job, with a faster time and lower cost. E-business enables
company to streamline the organization
4. Supply chain creates better stock controlling, ERP creates better management of
production & information flow through all business processes.
5. Production time is shortened, operational cost is lowered, quality control system is
improved. Those enable products come out with more competitive cost and quality.
6. CRM enables company to have database system of customers. It will categorize and
classify the customers, such as top, loyal, urgent, strict, crucial, bad debt customers, etc.
Economic law : 80% of enterprise revenue is contributed by 20% customers.
Personalization or customized treatment to special customers will improve the repeat
order volume. For retail business, CRM enables company to create loyal community and
may improve the order no. & value.

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Komputer dan Masyarakat


Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning


http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

FOCUS OF E-BUSINESS

Traditional business focuses on product, price, & channel distribution.

E-Commerce business focuses on the wider market & online system, to get higher
sales order revenue.

E-Business focuses on CUSTOMERS ! Focus on what customers need and


satisfaction

What do customers want ?

Shorter and on time delivery time

Committed customer care

Consistent competitive price

Treated & maintained personally

Customers possibly do not know exactly what they want. These are the treatment that may
bring comfort & satisfaction to the customers
CUSTOMERS NEED

Customers Fundamentals :

Dont waste our time

Remember who we are

Make it easy for us to order and procure the service

Make sure your service delights us

Customize your products and service for me

Customers expect companies to continuously improve the followings :

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Speed

Komputer dan Masyarakat


Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning


http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

Convenience

Personalization

Price

Dont waste time : dont ask to much

Remember who we : customer spend the money for us, so treat us nicely

Make it easy to order and procure the service : Dont make the process too complex,
let customers contact to many persons.

Make sure the service delights customers : good quality product/services

Customization : suited to the trend and most people need

TRANSFORMATION TO E-BUSINESS

Why E-Commerce and Traditional Business should transform into E-Business ?

Decrease time to produce and market new products

Reduce cost and time per transaction substantially

Reduce customer service cost dramatically

Reduce customer service time appreciably

Assure the shorter and on time delivery to customer

Increase customer loyalty

Reach customers in the most effective way with targeted offers

Increase profitability

Time to build : Information flow at the design, planning (business process,


equipment, materials, budget, price, etc), coordination, collaboration process

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Komputer dan Masyarakat


Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning


http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

Cost per transaction : Lower time consumed & operational cost enable us to
decrease the price. Motto : We are the lowest, may mean that there is a better back
end system process, to produce lower operational cost. Few competitors can follow
the price.

Customer service cost : Call centre system (outsourced), CRM

Shorter & on time delivery : better planning of raw material & stock, production
process, enable company to deliver product & service faster

Customer loyalty may come from better price, competitive product, shorter delivery
time, and treatment to customer

Web based Portal enables company to create community, build relationship, and
offer attractive products/services.

Better planning, productivity & efficiency may bring profitability.

E-Commerce
Definisi

is the electronic tranmission of buyer/seller transactions and other related information


between individuals and businesses or between two or more businesses who are
trading partners. (Managing Information Technology 2002)

THE E-COMMERCE PHASE

First Phase, 1994 - 1997 : Presence

Web site, as the online presence, providing any information related with the
profile/products/services

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Second Phase, 1997 2000 : Transaction

Buying & selling over the digital media

Focusing on order flow and gross revenue

Matching buyers & sellers who never found each other in the past

Komputer dan Masyarakat


Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning


http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

New business model : Why sell it when you can give it away

Third phase, 2000 now : E-Business

Focuses on how the internet can impact the profitability

Increases gross margin, rather than gross revenue

Includes all applications and processes

Includes front & back office applications that form the core engine for the
modern business

E-Business is the overall strategy of redefining old business models, with the
aid of technology, to maximize customer value and profit.

E-Business : P2P, Path to profitability

New business model, Free services : Free email, web hosting, file hosting, groups,
internet access, IDD communication, advertising, even were paid for browsing, etc.
The content provider creates visitor community and the revenue may come from the
advertising or selling the visitor database.

Bringing many first movers or startups companies to the sea of red ink financial
report.

E-business system behind the E-Commerce, creates better offer, order processing
(faster & committed delivery), and customer service system.

First 2 (two) phase, the future belongs to upstarts, the technology would trump the
experience.

Now, experience, distribution, and margin are worth something after all.

10 (TEN) RULES OF E-BUSINESS

Technology is no longer an afterthought in forming business strategy, but rather the


cause and driver

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Komputer dan Masyarakat


Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning


http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

The ability to streamline the structure of information and to influence and control its
flow is a dramatically more powerful and cost effective service than is that of moving
and manufacturing physical products

Inability to overthrow the dominant, outdated business design often leads to business
failure

Using E-Commerce, companies can listen to the customers and become the
cheapest, the most familiar, or the best

Dont use technology just to create the product. Use technology to innovate,
entertain, and enhance the entire experience

The business design on the future increasingly uses reconfigurable e-business


models to best meet customers needs

The goal of new business design is for companies to create flexible outsourcing
alliances that not only offload costs but also make customers ecstatic

For urgent E-business projects, its easy to minimize application infrastructure needs
and to focus on the glitzy front end apps. The oversight can be costly in more ways
than one

The ability to plan an e-business infrastructure course swiftly and to implement it


ruthlessly are key to success. Ruthless execution is the norm.

The tough task for management is to align business strategies, processes, and
applications quickly, correctly, and all at once. Strong leadership is imperative.

MAJOR TRENDS DRIVING INTO E-BUSINESS


There are 6 (six) major trends, driving organization into E-Business enterprise :

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Consumer trends

Faster service

Self Service

More product choices

Komputer dan Masyarakat


Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning


http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

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Integrated solutions

E-Service

Integrated Sales & Service

Seamless Support

Flexible fulfillment and convenient service delivery

Increased process visibility

Organizational

Outsourcing

Contract manufacturing

Virtual Distribution

Employee

Hiring the best and brightest

Keeping the talented employees

Enterprise technology

Integrated Enterprise applications

Multi-channel integration

Middleware

General Technology

Wireless Web applications

Handheld computing and information appliances

Infrastructure convergence

Application service providers

Komputer dan Masyarakat


Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning


http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

KEY TRENDS & ASSUMPTIONS


TRADITIONAL BUSINESS
DESIGN
Product focused
KEY TRENDS

Customer focused

Rigid, functionality oriented


system

KEY

E-BUSINESS DESIGN

Flexible, integrated service applications

Cost reduction as the key to

Customer relationship as the key to

success

success

Task oriented

Solution oriented

ASSUMPTIONS

LESSONS FROM AMAZON.COM

Customers dont care what your office looks like; they only care about getting the
great service.
Keep your website simple

Create a wonderful customer experience

Create a community of customers

Business planned for profit apt to fail; Business planned for service are apt to
succeed.

Listen to your customers and commit 100% to customer service

Keuntungan E-Commerce

Revenue stream (aliranpendapatan) baru yang mungkin lebih menjanjikan, yang tidak
didapatkan pada system transaksi tradisional.

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Dapat meningkatkan pangsa pasar (market exposure)

Komputer dan Masyarakat


Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning


http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

Menurunkan biaya operasional (operating cost)

Melebarkan jangkauan (global reach)

Meningkatkan kesetiaan pelanggan (customer loyalty)

Meningkatkan supplier management

Memperpendek waktu produksi

Meningkatkan rantai nilai pendapatan (value chain)

Klasifikasi Model Bisnise-Commerce

Business to Business (B2B)

Business to Consumer (B2C)

Consumer to Business (C2B)

Consumer to Consumer (C2C)

Business to Business (B2B)


Karakteristik:

Trading partners yang sudah saling mengetahui dan antara mereka sudah terjalin
hubungan yang berlangsung cukup lama.

E-Commerce antara usaha dan usaha baik pelanggan maupun pemasok (supplier)

Melakukan transaksi antar usaha ini secara elektronik dapat banyak keuntungan
seperti lebih cepat, lebih nyaman, lebih efisien.

Business to Consumer (B2C)


Karakteristiknya :

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e-Commerce antara usaha dan konsumen secara langsung

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Komputer dan Masyarakat


Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning


http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

Dengan semakin banyaknya pribadi yang terhubung pada internet maka pasar B2C
semakin potensial

Konsumen mendapatkan akses yang luas pada produk dan jasa yang ditawarkan
secara online.

Business to Employee E-Commerce (B2E)

Penggunaan intranet atau teknologi internet untuk mengatasi kegiatan yang terjadi di
dalam e-bisnis. B2E tidak mengambil keuntungan seperti jenis model bisnis ecommerce yang tadi.

Meningkatkan keuntungan dengan mengurangi biaya di dalam perusahaan. Misalnya


menggunakan B2E e-commerce,para employees atau pekerja berkolaborasi satu
sama lain, tukar menukar data dan informasi, dan akses in-house data bases

Transaksi B2E e-commerce diantara suatu bisnis dan pekerjanya, e-commerce


dapat termasuk pertukaran di dalam suatu organisasi.

Consumer to Business (C2B)


Karakteristiknya:

e-Commerce antara individu dan perusahaan secara langsung.

Dengan semakin banyaknya individu yang menawarkan produk dan jasa melalui
internet maka pasar C2B semakin potensial.

Perusahaan mendapatkan akses yang luas pada produk dan jasa yang ditawarkan
oleh individu

Consumer to Consumer (C2C)


Karakteristiknya:

e-Commerceantaraindividudanindividusecaralangsung

Dengan semakin banyaknya individu yang terhubung pada internet maka pasar C2C
semakin potensial

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Komputer dan Masyarakat


Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning


http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

Penerapan teknologi e-Commerce


Penerapan teknologi e-Commerce untuk mengenalkan/memasarkan produk diperlukan :
1. KatalogOnLine
Katalog online digunakan untuk memberikan informasi kepada pelanggan/ calon
pelanggan potensial untuk mendapatkan informasi yang lengkap dari suatu
produk.
TransaksiOnLine
Transaksi OnLine adalah sebuah fasilitas yang disediakan oleh suatu situs eCommerce kepada pelanggan untuk dapat melakukan pembelian/order barang
secara online lewat media internet, transaksi online ini dibagi menjadi 2 bagian
yaitu;

Shopping Cart

OnLine Payment

2. Shopping Cart
Sopphing Cart software merupakan sistem yang digunakan agar calon pembeli
dapat membeli barang-barang yang ditawarkan melalui catalog online,
mengawasi account kita setiap saat dan menggabungkan semua aspek eCommerce pada suatu situs.
OnLine Payment
Menyediakan layanan pembayaran secara online dari transaksi yang sudah
terjadi, online payment ini membutuhkan 2 komponenyaitu ;

Payment Gateway

Certification Authority

3. Payment Gateway
Payment Gateway biasanya dimiliki oleh acquirer (institusi financial tertentu yang
mendukung merchant dengan menyediakan layanan untuk memproses
transaksi).

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Komputer dan Masyarakat


Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning


http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

Payment gateway merupakan sistem yang menyediakan service online eCommerce kepada pasar.
Diperlukan olehacquirer untuk mendukung berlangsungnnya proses otorisasi dan
memonitor proses transaksi yang sedang berlangsung.
Certification Authority
Merupakan komponen infrastrukur yang menandai public key milikcardholder,
merchant dan atau acquirer manapun payment gateway-nya.

Daftar Pustaka
Buku Referensi:
Bagio Budiarjo, Komputer dan Masyarakat, PT. Elex Media Komputindo
Kenneth C.Laudon, Jane P.Laudon, Sistem Informasi Manajemen,
Shelly, Cashman, Vermaat, Discovering Computers 2006:A Gateway to Information,
Thompson, 2005

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Komputer dan Masyarakat


Nur Ani, ST, MMSI

Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning


http://www.mercubuana.ac.id

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