transfer heat at the rate of 3000 KJ/min to a system maintained at

. A heat sink is available at 27 . Assuming these temperatures to remain

1. A heat source at 627

287

constant find:
i.
Change in entropy of source
ii.
Entropy production accompanying heat transfer
iii.
The original available energy
iv.
The available energy after heat transfer.
2. An inventor claims that he has developed a heat engine which absorbs 1200 KJ and 800 KJ
from reservoirs at 800K and 600K respectively and rejects 600KJ and 200 KJ as heat to
reservoirs at 400K and 300K respectively. It delivers 1200Kj work. Determine whether the
heat engine is theoretically possible.

3. An insulated thank of 1 m3 volume contains air at 0.1 MPa and 300K. The tank is connected
to high pressure line in which air at 1 Mpa and 600 k flows. The tank is quickly filled with air
by opening the valve between the tank and high pressure line. If the air pressure finally in
tank is 1 MPa. Determine the mass of air which enters the tank and entropy change associated
with filling process.

4. A reversible engine A absorbs energy from a reservoir at temperature T 1 and rejects energy
to a reservoir at temperature T2. A second engine B absorbs the same amount of energy as
rejected by engine A, from the same reservoir at temperature T 2 and rejects energy to a
reservoir at temperature T3. What will be the relation between T1, T2 and T3 if
i.
The efficiencies of both the engines A and B are the same and
ii.
The work delivered by both the engines is the same ?

5. An ideal gas is heated at constant volume until its temperature is 3 times the original
temperature, then it is expanded isothermally till it reaches its original pressure. The gas is
then cooled at constant pressure till it is restored to the original state. Determine the net work
done per kg of gas if the initial temperature is 350K.

6. A large vessel contains steam at a pressure of 20bar and a temperature of 350 . This
large vessel is connected to a steam turbine through a valve followed by a small initially
evacuated tank with a volume of 0.8m3. During emergency power requirement, the valve is
opened and temperature of the tank is then 400 .

Assume that the filling process takes

place adiabatically and the changes in potential and kinetic energies are negligible. By
drawing the control volume, calculate the amount of work developed by the turbine in KJ.
7. 4 Kg of water at 40 mixed with 6 Kg of water at 100

in a steady flow process.

Calculate:
i.
ii.
iii.

The temperature of resulting mixture

The change in entropy

The unavailable energy with respect to the energy receiving water at 40 .

8. An inventor claims to have developed a device which required no energy transfer by work or
hear transfer, yet able to produce hot and cold stream of air from a single stream of air at an
intermediate temperature of 21

and a pressure of 5.2 bar, separate streams of air exit at

a temperature of 1 bar. Sixty percent of mass entering the device exists at the lower
temperature. Evaluate the inventors claim, assuming ideal gas as working fluid and
neglecting the changes in kinetic and potential energy.

9. A house is to be maintained at 25

in summer as well as in winter. For this purpose, it is

proposed to use a reversible device as a refrigerator in summer and as a heat pump in winter.
The ambient temperature in 40

in summer and 3 in winter. The energy losses as

heat from the roof and the wall is estimated at 5KW per degree Celsius temperature difference
between the room and the ambient conditions. Calculate the power required to operate the
device in summer and in winter.
10. Steam enters a turbine at an enthalpy of 3300KJ/Kg and a velocity of 180 m/s. The steam
comes out of turbine at an enthalpy of 2700 KJ/Kg with a velocity of 120m/s. At the condition
of steady state, the turbine develops work equal to 550KJ/Kg of steam flowing through the
turbine. The heat transfers between the turbine and its surroundings occurs at an average
temperature of 370K. The entropy of steam at inlet and exit of turbine are 6.932KJ/Kg-K and
7.361KJ/Kg-K respectively. Neglecting the changes in potential energy between intel and
outlet, workout the following:
i.
Sketch the system and show the process on p-v and h-s diagrams
ii.
Calculate the rate at which entropy is produced with in the turbine per kg of steam
flowing.

11. A finite thermal system having heat capacity, C=0.04 T 2 J/K initially at 600K. Estimate the
maximum work obtainable from the thermal system if the surroundings is at 300K.

12. Estimate the irreversibility associated with the expansion process of air through a very small
constriction in a pipe from pressure and temperature of 8 bar and 600K respectively to
pressure of 1.2 bar. Assume air to be an ideal gas., The temperature of surroundings is 25

13. Steam enters a 15cm diameter horizontal pipe as saturated vapour at 5 bar with a velocity of
10m/s and exit at 4.5 bar and a quality of 0.95. heat is transferred to surroundings at 300K
from the pipe surface which is at an average temperature of 400K. Under the steady state
operating conditions, determine
i.
ii.
iii.

The exit velocity

The rate of heat transfers from pipe surface in KW.
The rate of entropy production in KW/K, for the control volume comprising of only
pipe and its contents
The rate of entropy production for the enlarged control volume that includes pipe, its
contents and the immediate surroundings

iv.

Properties of steam at saturation condition

P bar

Tsat

Specific

volume

Specific

enthalpy Specific

entropy

4.5
5.0

(m3/Kg)

147.93
151.86

Liquid
(V1)
0.001088
0.001093

(KJ/Kg)
Vapour
(Vg)
0.4140
0.3749

Liquid
(h1)
623.5
640.0

(KJ/KgK)
Vapour
(hg)
2744
2749

Liquid
(S1)
1.8207
1.8607

Vapour(Sg)
6.8565
6.8213