24kV Switchgear Testing

DUC TRI Development Investment Corporation
Tel: (+84.8) 38497727

www.ductrielectrics.com - info@ductrielectrics.com
24 kV SWITCHGEAR TESTING METHOD

(Including: VCB, CT, PT, Protection Relay)
1. Technical factor of 24 kV Switchgear and attachments.
- Indoor 24kV 3-phase single bus bar.
- Including: VCB, CT, PT, Protection Relay.
2. Testing method.
- Base on standard IEC 60502-2, IEEE 400, QCVN QT-5:2008/BCT.
3. Testing Instrument:
3.1. For VCB:
- AC/DC High Voltage Set.
- Micro-ohm Meter.
- Circuit Breaker Analyser
Amata 110/22 kV Substation

Amata Power (Bien Hoa) Modification Project

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3.2. For CTs and PTs:

- AC/DC High Voltage Set.
- Micro-ohm Meter
- Current Transformer Set
- Digital Transformer Ratiometer
3.3. For Protection Relay:

- Protective Relay Tester (3 phases)


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- Protective Relay Tester (1 phase)
3.3. For Insulation Test and Control Check:

- Insulation Tester
- Digital Multi Meter
4. Preparation.
- Preparing to documents, acceptance certificate of power cable and attachment.
- Preparing to documents, certificate of inspection of testing equipments.
- Installing and checking equipment.
- Covering testing area with barriers and setting warning signs
- Evacuating employees from the testing area.
- Assigning a supervisor for ensuring the safety during testing process.
5. Procedure of work.
5.1. For VCB:
5.1.1. Visual and Mechanical Inspection


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1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.

2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.
3. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding.
4. Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified
by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker.
5. Verify the unit is clean.
6. Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in
accordance with manufacturers published data.
7. Measure critical distances such as contact gap as recommended by
manufacturer.
8. Verify cell fit and element alignment.
9. Verify racking mechanism operation.
5.1.2. Electrical Tests
1.
Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a lowresistance ohmmeter.
2.
Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-tophase and phase-toground with the circuit breaker closed, and across each open pole
3.
Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to
ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc. Test duration shall be one minute
4.
Perform a contact/pole-resistance test. Current test is 100A dc.
5.
Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance
with manufacturers published data.
6.
Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and
trip operation, trip-free, and antipump function.
7. Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Reset all trip logs
and indicators.
8. Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test.
9. Verify operation of heaters.
5.2. For CTs and PTs:
2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.
3. Verify correct connection of transformers with system requirements.
4. Verify that adequate clearances exist between primary and secondary circuit
wiring.
6. Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of
the following methods:
- Use of low-resistance ohmmeter.


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- Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method.

7. Verify that all required grounding and shorting connections provide contact.
8. Verify correct operation of transformer withdrawal mechanism and grounding
operation.
9. Verify correct primary and secondary fuse sizes for voltage transformers.
10.
Verify appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on
moving and sliding surfaces.
5.2.2. Electrical Tests - CTs
1.
2.
Perform insulation-resistance test of each current transformer and its
secondary wiring with respect to ground at 1000 volts dc for one minute. For units with
solid-state components that cannot tolerate the applied voltage, follow manufacturers
recommendations.
3. Perform a polarity test of each current transformer.
4. Perform a ratio-verification test using the voltage or current method.
5. Perform an excitation test on transformers used for relaying applications.
6. Perform insulation-resistance tests on the primary winding with the secondary
grounded.
8. P erform dielectric withstand tests on the primary winding with the secondary
grounded.
10.
Verify that current transformer secondary circuits are grounded and have
only one grounding. That grounding point should be located as specified by the engineer
in the project drawings.
5.2.3. Electrical Tests - PTs
1.
2. Perform insulation-resistance tests winding-to-winding and each winding-toground. Test voltages shall be applied for one. For units with solid- state components that
cannot tolerate the applied voltage.
3. Perform a polarity test on each transformer to verify the polarity marks or H1X1 relationship as applicable.
4. Perform a turns-ratio test on all tap positions.
5. Measure voltage circuit burdens at transformer terminals.
6. Perform a dielectric withstand test on the primary windings with the secondary
windings connected to ground. The test voltage shall be applied for one minute.
7.
Verify that voltage transformer secondary circuits are grounded and have
only one grounding. The grounding point should be located as specified by the engineer
in the project drawings.


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5.3. For Protection Relay:

2.
Inspect relays and cases for physical damage. Remove shipping restraint
material.
4. Relay Case
- Tighten case connections.
- Inspect cover for correct gasket seal.
- Clean cover glass. Inspect shorting hardware, connection paddles, and knife
switches.
- Remove any foreign material from the case.
- Verify target reset.
5. Relay
- Inspect relay for foreign material.
- Verify clearance. Verify contact clearance and spring bias.
- Verify tightness of mounting hardware and connections.
- Set relays in accordance with coordination study.
5.3.2. Electrical Tests
1. Perform an insulation-resistance test on each circuit-to-frame. Procedures for
performing insulation-resistance tests on solid-state relays shall be determined from the
relay manufacturers published data.
2. Inspect targets and indicators.
5.3.3. Functional Operation:
1. 25 Sync Check Relay
- Determine closing zone at rated voltage.
- Determine maximum voltage differential that permits closing at zero degrees.
- Determine live line, live bus, dead line, and dead bus set points.
- Determine time delay.
- Verify dead bus/live line, dead line/live bus and dead bus/dead line control
functions.
2. 27 Undervoltage Relay
- Determine dropout voltage.
- Determine time delay at a second point on the timing curve for inverse time
relays.
3. 50 Instantaneous Overcurrent Relay
- Determine pickup.
- Determine dropout.
4. 51 Time Overcurrent


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- Determine minimum pickup.

- Determine time delay at two points on the time current curve.
5. 59 Overvoltage Relay
- Determine overvoltage pickup.
- Determine time delay to close the contact with sudden application of 120
percent of pickup.
6. 67 Directional Overcurrent Relay
- Determine directional unit minimum pickup at maximum torque angle.
- Determine closing zone.
- Determine maximum torque angle.
- Plot operating characteristics.
- Determine overcurrent unit pickup.
- Determine overcurrent unit time delay at two points on the time current curve.
5.3.4. Control Verification
1. Functional tests
- Check operation of all active digital inputs.
- Check all output contacts or SCRs, preferably by operating the controlled
device such as circuit breaker, auxiliary relay, or alarm.
- Check all internal logic functions used in the protection scheme.
- For pilot schemes, perform a loop-back test to check the receive and transmit
communication circuits.
- For pilot schemes, perform satellite synchronized end-to-end tests.
- For pilot schemes with direct transfer trip (DTT), perform transmit and
received DTT at each terminal.
- Upon completion of testing, reset all min/max recorders, communications
statistics, fault counters, sequence of events recorder, and all event records.
2. In-service monitoring
After the equipment is initially energized, measure magnitude and phase angle of
all inputs and compare to expected values.


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DUC TRI Development Investment Corporation

Tel: (+84.8) 38497727