Professional Documents
Culture Documents
0610 BIOLOGY
0610/33
This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners meeting before marking began,
which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.
Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the
examination.
Cambridge will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.
Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2011 question papers for most IGCSE,
GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level
syllabuses.
Page 2
Syllabus
0610
Paper
33
General notes
Symbols used in mark scheme and guidance notes.
/
reject this is marked with a cross and any following correct statements do not gain any
marks
ignore / irrelevant / inadequate this response gains no mark, but any following correct
answers can gain marks.
( )
the word / phrase in brackets is not required to gain marks but sets context of response
for credit. e.g. (waxy) cuticle. Waxy not needed but if it was described as a cellulose
cuticle then no mark.
Small
ORA
ref.
AVP
AW
MP
Page 3
Question
Expected Answers
(a)
(b)
(c) (i)
(ii)
Syllabus
0610
Marks
(Ruppells) vulture ;
cheetah ;
mice / mouse ;
[3]
(primary) producer ;
primary / first consumer ;
[2]
[1]
(d)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
[max 3]
Paper
33
Additional Guidance
R reflect
R lost only needs qualifying
NB: MP3 is for loss with no reference to
magnitude, also award MP4 if magnitude
given
e.g. 90% lost between trophic levels is 2
marks
MP5 A ref to faeces
examples for MP10 animal would have to
be very large, would need much energy
to catch a cheetah, there would be very
small populations
Page 4
Question
(e)
Syllabus
0610
Expected Answers
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Marks
Paper
33
Additional Guidance
No credit for energy losses along the
chain as already given in Question 1d
[max 3]
[Total : 13]
Page 5
Question
2
(a)
Expected Answers
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
(b)
(c)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Marks
Syllabus
0610
respiration ;
Paper
33
Additional Guidance
MP1 A maintain posture R sitting
unqualified
R breathing unqualified
MP2 R heat unqualified
MP4 R respiration
[max 3]
[2]
oxygen debt ;
oxygen not supplied fast enough (from lung / heart) / ORA more O2 supplied;
to muscles ;
removal of excess carbon dioxide ;
anaerobic respiration (in muscles) ;
lactic acid / lactate ;
builds up in muscle / not carried away fast enough in blood ;
lowers blood pH ;
makes person feel tired / muscle stiffness / fatigue / AW ;
muscle cannot contract any more ;
lactic acid is, broken down / respired / converted to glucose ;
[max 4]
Page 6
Question
Expected Answers
(d)
Syllabus
0610
Marks
Paper
33
Additional Guidance
NB: All marks should be qualified by
reference to stage of the run
at start of run
1
2
3
4
5
vasoconstriction;
(constriction / AW) of arterioles ; A arteries
decrease in supply of blood to skin capillaries ;
ref. to shunt vessels ;
to increase supply of blood to muscles ;
no / little sweat ;
vasodilation ;
(relaxation / AW) of arterioles ; A arteries
increase in supply of blood to skin capillaries ;
(causes) loss of heat ;
by, conduction / convection / radiation ;
12
13
14
Page 7
Question
Expected Answers
(a)
Marks
sex hormones
testosterone
oestrogen
site of production
follicle / ovary ;
secondary sexual
characteristics
(b) (i)
(ii)
Syllabus
0610
any two
hair on face
body / pubic, hair
increase in muscles
growth of genitals
growth of vocal cords
/ larynx / deep voice
broad shoulders;
Paper
33
Additional Guidance
any two
growth of breasts
body / pubic, hair
hips widen
fat deposition ;
[3]
pituitary (gland) ;
[1]
ovary ;
[1]
(c) (i) 1
2
3
4
5
(c) (ii) 1
2
3
4
5
6
[max 3]
[Total: 11]
Page 8
Question
4
(a)
Expected Answers
1
2
3
[3]
cross
Paper
33
Additional Guidance
R AcAc etc A Ac , Ac
MP2 relies on correct MP1, allow ECF
MP3 stands alone (A orange)
genotypes of offspring
offspring x offspring
ACAC , ACAY ;
AYAY, ACAY ;
2
3
4
5
6
7
Syllabus
0610
Marks
AC
AY ;
C Y
A A ;
orange-red ;
(b)
(c)
[3]
[max 3]
Page 9
Question
(d)
(e)
Expected Answers
Marks
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Syllabus
0610
Paper
33
Additional Guidance
R fertilisation
[2]
[max 4]
[Total: 15]
Page 10
Question
5
Expected Answers
(a)
Syllabus
0610
Marks
Paper
33
Additional Guidance
for
(fluoride) helps to strengthen tooth enamel ;
available to all / treats whole population ;
free (to people) / cheap to supply ;
AVP ;
1
2
3
4
against
ref. to allergies / qualified side effects ;
bad taste (in water) ;
dosage not controlled for individuals / no individual choice ;
mottled / discoloured teeth / fluorosis ;
AVP ;
5
6
7
8
9
(b)
1
2
3
sugar consumption
Chile increased to 1997, decreased (slightly) ;
Australia increased to 2000, decreased / decrease till 1995, then steady ;
any two figures with units and years ;
either for the same country or for both countries
4
5
6
7
tooth decay
Chile decreases 1977 to 1990, then increases to 1995 ;
Chile decreases from 1995 / AW ;
Australia keeps decreasing (from 1977) ;
any two figures with units and years ;
either for the same country or for both countries
[max 3]
[max 4]
Page 11
Question
(c)
Syllabus
0610
Expected Answers
Marks
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
[max 4]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
(d)
Paper
33
Additional Guidance
Page 12
Question
6
(a)
(b)
Expected Answers
1
2
3
Syllabus
0610
Marks
broad leaves ;
network of veins ;
five petals ;
Paper
33
Additional Guidance
[3]
one mark for mesophyll cells, one mark for guard cell
NB: B + E = 1 mark
F = 1 mark
A
B
C
D
E
;
;
[2]
Page 13
Question
(c)
Expected Answers
Syllabus
0610
Marks
Paper
33
Additional Guidance
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
xylem ;
to provide water (as raw material) ;
15
16
phloem ;
to remove products of photosynthesis ;
(d) (i)
(ii)
sucrose ; R sugar
amino acids ;
hormones / plant growth substances / auxin(s) ;
leaf ;
two of the following for one mark
stem, root, bud, flower, fruit, seed, storage organ ;
[2 + 2]
[max 2]
[2]
[Total: 13]