Design of Footing

DESIGN OF FOOTING
Footing design (A4) :Axial load
=427.98 kn
S.B.C
=200 kn/m2
Self weight of footing =10%

=1.1 x p =470
Size of footing
=1.1 x p/200 =2.35
Area
2.35 = 1.53
Provide footing of size = 1.70 x 1.50m2

Net load pressure = load/area = 470/1.7 x 1.5 = 184.3 kn/m2
Consider 1m width of footing
=184.3 x 0.6252/2
Max B.M
=35.99 kn-m
MOMENT OF RESISTENCE :- (from IS code 456-2000, pg-96)
Mu lim = 0.36 x
Where
x u max
)
d
x u max
)
d
x (1 0.42 x
x u max
)
d
)x b x d2 x fck
= 0.48, Fe 415, and M20
= 0.36 x 0.48 x (1 (0.42 x 0.48)) x 1000 x d2 x 20

35.99 x 106 =2.07 x b x d2
d = 131.85mm
D = 131.85 + 50 + 5 =186.8mm
Say D = 400mm
d = 400 50 5 = 345mm
Calculation of reinforcement :- (from IS code 456-2000, pg-96)
(a) Reinforcement along short mid span
Ast required :- (from IS code 456-2000, pg-96)
Mu = 0.87 x fy x Ast x d x
(1
Astf y
)
bdf ck
35.99 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 345 x (1 (Ast x 415)/(1000 x 345 x 20) )
35.99 x 106 = 124562 Ast 0.217 Ast2
Ast = 289mm2
Assume 10mm bar
Spacing:2
A b
Ast
1021000
4
289
= 271.76mm
Say 275mm
Ast =
2
10 1000
4
275
= 285.5mm2
Hence provide 10mm at 275mm c/c

Shear on one way action :Critical section taken at the distance of 345mm away from column
625-345 = 280
Shear force at critical section
Considered 1m width
V = 280/1000 x 1 x 184.3 = 51.6
Vu = 1.5 x 51.6 = 77.4 kn
Nominal shear stress
Jv
vu
bd eff
77.410
1000345
Percentage of steel =
Ast
100
bd
285.5
100
1000345
= 0.22 n/mm2
=0.08%
Shear strength of concrete:- (from IS code 456-2000) Table-19, pg-73

J
= 0.28 n/mm2
Max Shear strength of concrete:- (from IS code 456-2000) Table-20, pg-73

J
For M20 concrete

Hence
Jv
<
c max
= 2.8 n/mm2
Hence it is safe .
Shear two way action :Critical action at the distance of 0.5d

= 0.5 x 345 = 172.5mm
Shear force :
624-172.5=452.5
452.5/1000 x 1 x 184.3 = 83.39
Jv
vu
bd eff
83.3910 1.5
1000345
= 0.36 n/mm2
From shear strength of concrete M20

J
= Ks x
Ks =0.5 + length of short column side/long column side

= 0.5 +230/450
Ks = 0.5+0.5 =1
Permissible stress
J
fck
= 0.25 x
= 1.2 n/mm2
Hence
Jv
<
hence ok safe
Load transfer column to footing :From code IS 456-2000

Allowable bearing stress = p x 1.5/230 x 450
= 427.98 x 103 x 1.5/230 x 450 = 6.2n/mm2
Allowable bearing pressure = k x 0.45 x fck
K=
A1
A2
= A1 =0.23 x 0.45
A2 = 1.7 x 1.5
K = 0.20 <2
adopt k = 2
2 x 0.45 x 20 = 18 n/mm2
Hence safe
=265.55 kn
S.B.C
=200 kn/m2

=1.1 x p =292
Size of footing
=1.1 x p/200 =1.46
Area
1.46 = 1.2

Net load pressure = load/area = 292/1.4 x 1.2 = 173.8 kn/m2
Max B.M
=173.8 x 0.4752/2
=19.6 kn-m
Mu lim = 0.36 x
Where
x u max
)
d
x u max
)
d
x (1 0.42 x
x u max
)
d
)x b x d2 x fck
= 0.48, Fe 415, and M20
= 0.36 x 0.48 x (1 (0.42 x 0.48)) x 1000 x d2 x 20

19.6 x 106 =2.07 x b x d2
d = 97.3mm
D = 97.3 + 50 + 5 =152mm
Say D = 300mm
d = 300 50 5 = 245mm
(b)Reinforcement along short mid span
(1
Astf y
)
bdf ck
19.6 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 245 x (1 (Ast x 415)/(1000 x 245 x 20) )
19.6 x 106 = 88457 Ast 0.03 Ast2
Ast = 221.6mm2
Assume 10mm bar
Spacing:A2b
Ast
2
10 1000
4
221.6
= 345.4mm
Say 300mm
Ast =
1021000
4
300
= 262mm2

475-245 =230
Considered 1m width
V = 230/1000 x 1 x 173.8 = 39.97
Vu = 1.5 x 39.97 = 59.96 kn
Jv
vu
bd eff
59.96103
1000245
= 0.24 n/mm2
Ast
100
bd
262
100
1000245
=0.1%

J
= 0.28 n/mm2
For M20 concrete

Hence
Jv
<
c max
= 2.8 n/mm2
Hence it is safe .

= 0.5 x 245 = 122.5mm say 125mm
Shear force :
475-125=350
350/1000 x 1 x 173.8 = 60.83
Jv
vu
bd eff
60.8310 1.5
1000245
= 0.37 n/mm2

J
= Ks x

= 0.5 +230/450
Ks = 0.5+0.5 =1
Permissible stress
J
J
fck
= 0.25 x
= 1.2 n/mm2
Jv
Hence
<
hence ok safe

= 265.65 x 103 x 1.5/230 x 450 = 3.85n/mm2
K=
A1
A2
= A1 =0.23 x 0.45
A2 = 1.4 x 1.2
K = 0.248<2
adopt k = 2
2 x 0.45 x 20 = 18 n/mm2
Hence safe
=337 kn
S.B.C
=200 kn/m2

=1.1 x p =370.7
Size of footing
=1.1 x p/200 =1.8
Area
1.8 = 1.3

Net load pressure = load/area = 370.7/1.5 x 1.3 = 190 kn/m2
=190 x 0.5252/2
Max B.M
=26.5
kn-m

(
Mu lim = 0.36 x
Where
x u max
)
d
x u max
)
d
x (1 0.42 x
x u max
)
d
)x b x d2 x fck
= 0.48, Fe 415, and M20
= 0.36 x 0.48 x (1 (0.42 x 0.48)) x 1000 x d2 x 20

26.5 x 106 =2.07 x b x d2
d = 113mm
D = 113 + 50 + 5 =168mm
Say D = 400mm
d = 400 50 5 = 345mm
(c) Reinforcement along short mid span
(1
Astf y
)
bdf ck
26.5 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 345 x (1 (Ast x 415)/(1000 x 345 x 20) )
26.5 x 106 = 124562 Ast 0.217 Ast2
Ast = 212mm2
Assume 10mm bar
Spacing:A2b
Ast
1021000
4
212
= 370.47mm
Say 300mm
Ast =
1021000
4
300
= 262mm2

525-345 =180
Considered 1m width
V = 180/1000 x 1 x 190 = 34.2
Vu = 1.5 x 34.2 = 51.3 kn
Jv
vu
bd eff
51.3103
1000345
= 0.14 n/mm2
Ast
100
bd
262
100
10003 45
=0.075%

J
= 0.28 n/mm2

J
For M20 concrete

Hence
Jv
<
c max
= 2.8 n/mm2
Hence it is safe .

= 0.5 x 345 = 172.5mm
Shear force :
525-172.5=352.5
352.5/1000 x 1 x 190 = 66.97
Jv
vu
bd eff
66.971031.5
10003 45

J
= Ks x
= 0.29 n/mm2

= 0.5 +230/450
Ks = 0.5+0.5 =1
Permissible stress
J
fck
= 0.25 x
= 1.2 n/mm2
Hence
Jv
<
hence ok safe

= 337 x 103 x 1.5/230 x 450 = 4.88n/mm2
K=
A1
A2
= A1 =0.23 x 0.45
A2 = 1.5 x 1.3
K = 0.23<2
adopt k = 2
2 x 0.45 x 20 = 18 n/mm2
Hence safe
Footing design (B4) :Axial load
=1416 kn
S.B.C
=200 kn/m2

=1.1 x p =1557.6
Size of footing
=1.1 x p/200 =7.78
Area
7.78 = 2.79

Net load pressure = load/area = 1557.6/3.0 x 2.8 = 185.4 kn/m2
DEPTH OF FOOTING ;VU = QU x B x [
Bb
2
- d]
QU = 1.5 x p / area = 1.5 x 1416 /3 x 2.8 = 252
kn/m2
Vu = 0.252 x 2800 x [1250 -d]

Vu = 882000 705.6 d------------------------say1
Assume %of steel = 0.2 % & M20
J
= 0.32 n/mm2
Vu = J
xBxd
Vu = 0.32 x 2800 x d-----------------------say2

Equating 1&2
d = 251.59
so provide d = 251 + 50 + 5 =306
provide D = 600mm
d = 600 50 - 5 = 545mm
chek B.M in long span :Mu = QU x B x l2 /2
Mu = 0.252 x 2800 x 12502 / 2
Mu = 55 knm
Mu lim = 0.36 x
Where
x u max
)
d
x u max
)
d
x (1 0.42 x
x u max
)
d
)x b x d2 x fck
= 0.48, Fe 415, and M20
Mu lim = 0.36 x 0.48 x (1 (0.42 x 0.48)) x 1000 x d2 x 20

Mu lim = 203 knm
Mu < Mu lim hence safe
Check for 2 way shear :
Critical action at the distance of 0.5d
= 0.5 x 545 = 272.5mm
Shear force :
1250-272.5=977.5
Vu = 977.5/2800 x 1 x 185.5 = 64.7
Jv
vu
bd eff
64.71031.5
2800545
= 0.063 n/mm2

J
= Ks x

= 0.5 +2.8/3.0
Ks = 0.5+0.5 =1
Permissible stress
J
J
fck
= 0.25 x
= 1.2 n/mm2
Hence
Jv
<
hence ok safe

(d)Reinforcement along short mid span
(1
Astf y
)
bdf ck
55 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 545 x (1 (Ast x 415)/(1000 x 545 x 20) )

55 x 106 = 196772 Ast 0.00458 Ast2
Ast = 279mm2
Assume 10mm bar
Spacing:A2b
Ast
1021000
4
279.5
= 786.8mm
Say 300mm
Adopt 10mm bar at 300mm c/c.
= 1416 x 103 x 1.5/500 x 300 = 0.014n/mm2
K=
A1
A2
= A1 =3.0 x 2.8
A2 = 0.5 x 0.30
K = 7.48<2
adopt k = 2
2 x 0.45 x 20 = 18 n/mm2
Hence safe
Footing design (D3) :Axial load
=341.7 kn
S.B.C
=200 kn/m2

=1.1 x p =375.87
Size of footing
=1.1 x p/200 =1.8
Area
1.8 = 1.3

=192.75 x 0.6352/2
Max B.M
=38.86
kn-m
Mu lim = 0.36 x
x u max
)
d
x (1 0.42 x
x u max
)
d
)x b x d2 x fck
Where
x u max
)
d
= 0.48, Fe 415, and M20
= 0.36 x 0.48 x (1 (0.42 x 0.48)) x 1000 x d2 x 20

38.86 x 106 =2.07 x b x d2
d = 137mm
D = 137 + 50 + 5 =192mm
Say D = 400mm
d = 400 50 5 = 345mm
(1
Astf y
)
bdf ck
38.86 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 345 x (1 (Ast x 415)/(1000 x 345 x 20) )
38.86 x 106 = 124562 Ast 0.217 Ast2
Ast = 289mm2
Assume 10mm bar
Spacing:A2b
Ast
Say 275mm
2
10 1000
4
289
= 271.76mm
Ast =
1021000
4
275
= 285.5mm2

635-345 =290
Considered 1m width
V = 290/1000 x 1 x 192.75 = 55.89 kn
Jv
vu
bd eff
55.8910
1000345
= 0.162 n/mm2
Ast
100
bd
285.5
100
1000345
=0.08%

J
= 0.28 n/mm2

For M20 concrete
c max
= 2.8 n/mm2
Hence
Jv
<
Hence it is safe .

= 0.5 x 345 = 172.5mm
Shear force :
635 -172.5=462.5
462.5/1000 x 1 x 192.75 = 89.14
Jv
vu
bd eff
89.1410 31.5
1000345
= 0.38 n/mm2

J
= Ks x

= 0.5 +230/450
Ks = 0.5+0.5 =1
Permissible stress
J
fck
= 0.25 x
= 1.2 n/mm2
Hence
Jv
<
hence ok safe

= 341.7 x 103 x 1.5/230 x 450 = 4.9n/mm2
K=
A1
A2
= A1 =0.23 x 0.45
A2 = 1.5 x 1.3
K = 0.23<2
adopt k = 2
2 x 0.45 x 20 = 18 n/mm2
Hence safe
Footing design (C3) :Axial load
=1082 kn
S.B.C
=200 kn/m2

=1.1 x p =1190.75
Size of footing
=1.1 x p/200 =5.95
Area
5.95 = 2.44

Net load pressure = load/area = 1190.75/2.8 x 2.5 = 170 kn/m2
DEPTH OF FOOTING ;VU = QU x B x [
Bb
2
- d]
QU = 1.5 x p / area = 1.5 x 1082.5 /2.8 x 2.5 = 232
kn/m2
Vu = 0.232 x 2500 x [1175 -d]

Vu = 681500 580 d------------------------say1
Assume %of steel = 0.2 % & M20
J
= 0.32 n/mm2
Vu = J
xBxd
Vu = 0.32 x 2500 x d-----------------------say2

Equating 1&2
d = 493.8
so provide d = 493.8 + 50 + 5 =548
provide D = 550mm
d = 550 50 - 5 = 495mm
chek B.M in long span :Mu = QU x B x l2 /2

Mu = 0.232 x 2500 x 11752 / 2
Mu = 40 knm
Mu lim = 0.36 x
Where
x u max
)
d
x u max
)
d
x (1 0.42 x
x u max
)
d
)x b x d2 x fck
= 0.48, Fe 415, and M20
Mu lim = 0.36 x 0.48 x (1 (0.42 x 0.48)) x 1000 x d2 x 20

Mu lim = 169 knm
Mu < Mu lim hence safe
Check for 2 way shear :
Critical action at the distance of 0.5d
= 0.5 x 495 = 247.5mm
Shear force :
1175-247.5=927.5
Vu = 927.5/2500 x 1 x 170 = 63
Jv
vu
bd eff
94.610 31.5
2500495
= 0.076 n/mm2

J
= Ks x

= 0.5 +2.8/2.5
Ks = 0.5+0.5 =1
Permissible stress
J
fck
= 0.25 x
= 1.2 n/mm2
Hence
Jv
<
hence ok safe

(1
Astf y
)
bdf ck
40 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 495 x (1 (Ast x 415)/(1000 x 495 x 20) )

40 x 106 = 178719.7 Ast 2.99 Ast2
Ast = 224.65mm2
Assume 10mm bar
Spacing:2
A b
Ast
2
10 1000
4
224 . 6 5
= 874mm
Say 300mm
Adopt 10mm bar at 300mm c/c.
= 1082.5 x 103 x 1.5/450 x 230 = 15.68n/mm2
K=
A1
A2
= A1 =2.8 x 2.5
A2 = 0.45 x 0.23
K = 8.2<2 adopt k = 2
2 x 0.45 x 20 = 18 n/mm2
Hence safe
Footing design (C1) :Axial load
=354.8 kn
S.B.C
=200 kn/m2

=1.1 x p =390.28
Size of footing
=1.1 x p/200 =1.95
Area
1.95 = 1.39

=174.23 x 0.5752/2
Max B.M
=28.8 kn-m
Mu lim = 0.36 x
Where
x u max
)
d
x u max
)
d
x (1 0.42 x
x u max
)
d
)x b x d2 x fck
= 0.48, Fe 415, and M20
= 0.36 x 0.48 x (1 (0.42 x 0.48)) x 1000 x d2 x 20

28.8 x 106 =2.07 x b x d2
d = 117.95mm
D = 117.95 + 50 + 5 =172.9mm
Say D = 400mm
d = 400 50 5 = 345mm
(1
Astf y
)
bdf ck
28.8x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 345 x (1 (Ast x 415)/(1000 x 345 x 20) )
28.8 x 106 = 124562 Ast 0.217 Ast2
Ast = 231.3mm2
Assume 10mm bar
Spacing:A2b
Ast
2
10 1000
4
231.3
= 339.5mm
Say 300mm
Ast =
1021000
4
300
= 261.7mm2

575 -345 =230
Considered 1m width
V = 230/1000 x 1 x 174.23 = 40 kn
Vu = 40 x 13.5 = 60 kn
Jv
vu
bd eff
60103
1000345
Ast
100
bd
261.79
100
1000345
= 0.17 n/mm2
=0.07%

J
= 0.28 n/mm2

J
For M20 concrete

Hence
Jv
<
c max
= 2.8 n/mm2
Hence it is safe .

= 0.5 x 345 = 172.5mm
Shear force :
575 -172.5=402.5
402.5/1000 x 1 x 175.23 = 70

Jv
vu
bd eff
7010 1.5
1000345
= 0.30 n/mm2

J
= Ks x

= 0.5 +230/450
Ks = 0.5+0.5 =1
Permissible stress
J
fck
= 0.25 x
= 1.2 n/mm2
Hence
Jv
<
hence ok safe

= 354.8 x 103 x 1.5/230 x 450 = 5.14n/mm2
K=
A1
A2
= A1 =0.23 x 0.45
A2 = 1.6 x 1.4
K = 0.2<2 adopt k = 2
2 x 0.45 x 20 = 18 n/mm2
Hence safe

Design of Footing

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Design of Footing

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DESIGN OF FOOTING

Footing design (A4) :Axial load

Self weight of footing =10%

=1.1 x p/200 =2.35

Provide footing of size = 1.70 x 1.50m2

= 0.48, Fe 415, and M20

= 0.36 x 0.48 x (1 (0.42 x 0.48)) x 1000 x d2 x 20

Hence provide 10mm at 275mm c/c

Shear strength of concrete:- (from IS code 456-2000) Table-19, pg-73

Max Shear strength of concrete:- (from IS code 456-2000) Table-20, pg-73

For M20 concrete

Shear two way action :Critical action at the distance of 0.5d

From shear strength of concrete M20

Ks =0.5 + length of short column side/long column side

Load transfer column to footing :From code IS 456-2000

Footing design (A2) :Axial load

Self weight of footing =10%

=1.1 x p/200 =1.46

Provide footing of size = 1.4 x 1.2m2

MOMENT OF RESISTENCE :- (from IS code 456-2000, pg-96)

= 0.48, Fe 415, and M20

= 0.36 x 0.48 x (1 (0.42 x 0.48)) x 1000 x d2 x 20

Hence provide 10mm at 300mm c/c

Shear strength of concrete:- (from IS code 456-2000) Table-19, pg-73

Max Shear strength of concrete:- (from IS code 456-2000) Table-20, pg-73

For M20 concrete

Shear two way action :Critical action at the distance of 0.5d

From shear strength of concrete M20

Ks =0.5 + length of short column side/long column side

Load transfer column to footing :From code IS 456-2000

Footing design (A6) :Axial load

Self weight of footing =10%

=1.1 x p/200 =1.8

Provide footing of size = 1.5 x 1.3m2

MOMENT OF RESISTENCE :- (from IS code 456-2000, pg-96)

= 0.48, Fe 415, and M20

= 0.36 x 0.48 x (1 (0.42 x 0.48)) x 1000 x d2 x 20

Hence provide 10mm at 300mm c/c

Shear strength of concrete:- (from IS code 456-2000) Table-19, pg-73

Max Shear strength of concrete:- (from IS code 456-2000) Table-20, pg-73

For M20 concrete

Shear two way action :Critical action at the distance of 0.5d

From shear strength of concrete M20

Ks =0.5 + length of short column side/long column side

Load transfer column to footing :From code IS 456-2000

Footing design (B4) :Axial load

Self weight of footing =10%

=1.1 x p/200 =7.78

Provide footing of size = 3.0 x 2.8m2

QU = 1.5 x p / area = 1.5 x 1416 /3 x 2.8 = 252

Vu = 0.252 x 2800 x [1250 -d]

Vu = 0.32 x 2800 x d-----------------------say2

= 0.48, Fe 415, and M20

Mu lim = 0.36 x 0.48 x (1 (0.42 x 0.48)) x 1000 x d2 x 20

From shear strength of concrete M20

Ks =0.5 + length of short column side/long column side

Calculation of reinforcement :- (from IS code 456-2000, pg-96)

55 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 545 x (1 (Ast x 415)/(1000 x 545 x 20) )

Footing design (D3) :Axial load

Self weight of footing =10%

=1.1 x p/200 =1.8

Provide footing of size = 1.5 x 1.3m2

MOMENT OF RESISTENCE :- (from IS code 456-2000, pg-96)

= 0.48, Fe 415, and M20