Site Management

Antenna Mounting and Alignment

2.4.0

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Copyright
VNL 2010-2011 All Rights Reserved

Disclaimer
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form
without the written permission of the copyright owner.
The contents of this document are subject to revision without
notice due to continued progress in methodology, design, and
manufacturing. VNL shall have no liability for any error or
damage of any kind resulting from the use of this document.

Trademark List
WorldGSMTM is a trademark owned by Vihaan Networks Limited.
All other product or service names mentioned in this document
are trademarks of their respective companies.

Document Reference Number

Agile # VNL-STM-ITG-000001

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Contents
1. About This Document ............................................................... 6
1.1 Purpose ............................................................................................................6
1.2 Intended Audience ......................................................................................6
1.3 Document Conventions ............................................................................6
1.4 Terms and Abbreviations ..........................................................................7
2. Introduction .............................................................................. 8
2.1 Types of Antennas .......................................................................................8
2.2 Antenna Specifications ........................................................................... 10
2.3 Antenna Mounted on VNL Tower ...................................................... 11
2.4 Mounting Antenna on Existing Tower .............................................. 12
2.5 Weight of Tower Mounts........................................................................ 13
2.6 Types of Tower Mounts........................................................................... 13
2.6.1 GSM Antenna ...................................................................................... 14
2.6.2 Transmission Antenna ..................................................................... 15
2.7 Alignment of Tier-2 Antennas .............................................................. 18

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Figures
Figure 1: Omni Antenna Symbol........................................................................8
Figure 2: Wi-Fi Antenna Symbol.........................................................................8
Figure 3: Patch Antenna for Tier-2 of the Backhaul ....................................9
Figure 4: Tier-2 Flat Antenna ...............................................................................9
Figure 5: Cross Polar Antenna Symbol ......................................................... 10
Figure 6: Top 6 Meters of the Tower .............................................................. 12
Figure 7: GSM Antenna Top View ............................................................... 14
Figure 8: Omni Antenna Top View .............................................................. 15
Figure 9: Omni Antenna Front View........................................................... 15
Figure 10: Grid Antenna- Front View ............................................................. 16
Figure 11: Grid Antenna- Detailed View ...................................................... 17
Figure 12: Patch Antenna Top View ........................................................... 17
Figure 13: Patch Antenna Front View ........................................................ 18
Figure 14: Aligning VBTS using Pole Rotation and Tilt Angle (+/0
5 degrees) ................................................................................................................ 19

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Tables
Table 1: Document Conventions .......................................................................6
Table 2: Terms and Abbreviations .....................................................................7
Table 3: GSM Antenna Specifications ........................................................... 10
Table 4: Transmission Antenna Specifications .......................................... 11
Table 5: Tower Mount Weights........................................................................ 13

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1. About This Document

1.1 Purpose
This document describes the different types of antennas, their
alignment, and types of tower mounts.

1.2 Intended Audience

The intended target groups for this document are:

Site Engineers doing Installation and Commissioning

RF Planners

1.3 Document Conventions

The different conventions used in this document are explained
in the following table.
Table 1: Document Conventions
Conventions

Description
Note: Provides information
about important features or
instructions.
Caution: Alerts you to potential
damage to a program, device, or
system.
Warning: Alerts you to potential
injury or fatality. May also alert

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you to potential electrical

hazards.
Bold font

Any option that needs to be

selected or typed in the user
interface is represented using
bold font.

1.4 Terms and Abbreviations

The different terms and abbreviations used in this document are
explained in the following table.
Table 2: Terms and Abbreviations
Abbreviations

Description

HBW

Horizontal Beam Width

VBW

Vertical Beam Width

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2. Introduction
VNL uses antennas from world renowned companies who
supply GSM and transmission backhaul antennas. Some antenna
symbols are used in this document and their pictures are
detailed below.

2.1 Types of Antennas

You can view the different types of antennas, which are used by
VNL at different sites are shown in the following figures.

Omni Antenna

Figure 1: Omni Antenna Symbol

Wi-Fi Antenna

Figure 2: Wi-Fi Antenna Symbol

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Patch Antenna for Tier-2

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Figure 3: Patch Antenna for Tier-2 of the Backhaul

Flat Antenna

Figure 4: Tier-2 Flat Antenna

Cross Polar Antenna

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Figure 5: Cross Polar Antenna Symbol

2.2 Antenna Specifications

Following are the different specifications for 900MHz, 1800 MHz
omni and panel antennas.
Table 3: GSM Antenna Specifications
Antenna
Category

Type

Vendor

Manufact
uring Part
Code

Length/
Diamet
er (mm)

Weight

VBW

HBW

Gain
(dbi)

V-pol

INOTEK

1613-000-

3300/51

5.0

10.0

360.0

11.0

1950/51

3.0

5.0

360.0

11.0

VP/360/10/ 1200/50

4.0

6.0

360.0

11.0

63

16

63

19.5

Omni
900Mhz

02
1800-

V-pol

INOTEK

2100 Mhz
2.4 Ghz

1160-00002

V-pol

INOTEK

0
Panel
900Mhz

18002100 Mhz
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X-pol

X-pol

ANTELL

2405x28 10.9

NC

5x126

ANTELL

1840x15 6.8

NC

4x105
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2.4 Ghz

AND

X-pol

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INOTEK

900x135 5.6

65

16.9

VBW

HBW

Gain
(dbi)

30

21.5

905x705 3.3

10

23

MT-

370x370 1.8

23

485052/C

x40

5818005

700x122 0.7

180

16

x80
Table 4: Transmission Antenna Specifications
Antenna
Category

Type

Vendor

Manufact
uring Part
Code

Length/
Diamet
er(mm)

Weight

X-pol

INOTEK

5307

1800x27 15

HIGHWAY
1800 MHz

5x95
Tier-1
2.4 GHz

Linea

Gird

MTI

MT346004N

Tier-2
5.8 GHz

Linea

Patch

MTI

Panel
(VBTS)
5.8 GHz

V-pol

STELLA

Panel

x55

2.3 Antenna Mounted on VNL Tower

VNL tower is designed for simple and quick installation. The
features of VNL towers are as follows:

Self supporting

Light weighted

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3 legged

Tower height of 40 meters

Withstand wind speed of 170 kmph and also 200kmph

The antennas mounted on the VNL tower are depicted in the

below figure.
Figure 6: Top 6 Meters of the Tower

2.4 Mounting Antenna on Existing Tower

You must use the existing towers in a rural scenario or in low
average revenue per user (ARPU). VNL has designed special
mounts for the standard tower designs and based upon your
specification VNL team can design the tower mounts for you.
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2.5 Weight of Tower Mounts

The approximate weight of the tower mounts is given in the
table below:
Table 5: Tower Mount Weights
S. No

Equipment

Size

Weight in
Kgs

Omni Antenna 1800MHz

1800*51

5.5

Tower Mount for Omni

850*240

18.23

Antenna
3

VBTS 1800MHz

373*373

18

Power Splitter

310*185*80

Total Weight

47.73

2.6 Types of Tower Mounts

For VNL tower, the mounting of the antenna and equipment is
as shown in Figure 8. The pole mounts designed for third party
tower are suitable for both the angular and tubular towers and
are as follows:

GSM Antenna
o Omni Antenna

Transmission antenna
o Grid antenna
o Patch antenna

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2.6.1 GSM Antenna

The following figure depicts the GSM antenna top view
mounted on the VNL tower. The GSM antenna constitutes of
clamp or bracket manufactured in ISMC 150x75, uclamp or bolt,
and boom which is fabricated in 65x65x6mm.
Figure 7: GSM Antenna Top View

2.6.1.1 Omni Antenna

The following figure depicts the omni antenna top and front
view mounted on the VNL tower. The omni antenna constitutes
of clamp or bracket manufactured in ISMC 150x75 and the
boom is fabricated in 65x65x6mm.

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Figure 8: Omni Antenna Top View

The front view consists of an omni antenna mounting pole as

shown in the following figure.
Figure 9: Omni Antenna Front View

2.6.2 Transmission Antenna

The transmission antenna comprises of the following antennas:

Grid Antenna

Patch Antenna

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2.6.2.1 Grid Antenna

The following figure depicts the grid antenna front view and
detailed mounted on the VNL tower. The grid antenna as
shown in the front view constitutes of clamp manufactured in
ISMC 150x75 and the boom is fabricated in 65x65x6mm.
Figure 10: Grid Antenna- Front View

The grid antenna detailed view consists of an omni antenna

mounting 40 nb pole as shown in the following figure.

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Figure 11: Grid Antenna- Detailed View

2.6.2.2 Patch Antenna

The following figure depicts the patch antenna top view and
front view mounted on the VNL tower. The patch antenna as
shown in the front view constitutes of clamp manufactured in
ISMC 150x75 and the boom is fabricated in 65x65x6mm.
Figure 12: Patch Antenna Top View

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The patch antenna top view consists of an antenna mounting 40

nb pole as shown in the following figure.
Figure 13: Patch Antenna Front View

2.7 Alignment of Tier-2 Antennas

Alignment of the antennas is based on the sound beeps of the
VBTS. The direction and tilting of VBTS must be aligned with the
Tier-2 antennas mounted on RBTS tower.
When a VBTS is powered up and aligned with a RBTS antenna, it
gives a beep sound that changes the frequency. Special
equipment is needed for aligning the antenna during
installation of VBTS sites.

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Figure 14: Aligning VBTS using Pole Rotation and Tilt Angle
(+/0 5 degrees)

Note: Guy wires should not be loose or mounted on the floor

when alignment is being done. At this point, place and tighten
them once the direction is decided.
Ensure that guy wires do not cover the VBTS cover, which is a
backhaul antenna.

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