‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ‬

‫ﰲ ﲬﺴﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ‬
‫ﲢﺮﻳﺮ ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﱐ ﲢﺖ ﺇﺷﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ ﻳﺸﺎﺭ ﺃﻳﻬﻦ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴﺔ – ﻋﻤﺮ ﺭﳛﺎﻭﻱ‪ /‬ﺣﻠﺐ ‪ -‬ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻗﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﻗﺮﻳﺒﹰﺎ ﺑﺈﺫﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻨﺎ‬

‫‪١‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳍﺠﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪٤ ....................................................... alafe‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ‪٦ ..............................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﻭ ﺻﻴﺎﻏﺘﻪ ‪٦ ........................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ‪٧ ..............................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ‪٨ ................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ‪٩ .....................................................................‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺼﻞ ‪٩ ............................................ :‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻞ ‪٩ ....................................................... :‬‬
‫‪١‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ ‪٩ .............................................................:‬‬
‫‪٢‬ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ‪١٠ ........................................................ :‬‬
‫‪٣‬ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺋﺐ ‪١٠ ........................................................... :‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ‪١١ ..................................................... :‬‬
‫‪-٤‬ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﻮﺻﻮﻝ ‪١١ .................................................... :‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪١٣ ............................................................‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ‪١٣ ..................................................... :‬‬
‫‪-٢‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﱯ‪١٤ ........................................................ :‬‬
‫‪-٣‬ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍﺀ ‪١٥ ............................................................ :‬‬
‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ‪١٦ ..........................................................‬‬
‫‪ .١‬ﺣﱴ ‪ de‬ﺩ‪‬ﻩ ‪١٦ .................................................... :‬‬
‫‪َ .٢‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ‪ ile‬ﺇﻳـﻠﹶـﻪ‪١٦ ................................................. :‬‬
‫‪ .٣‬ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻒ ‪ ve‬ﻭ ‪١٦ ................................................. :‬‬
‫‪ Fakat .٤‬ﻓﻘﻂ ‪ ama ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ‪ lakin ،‬ﻻﻛﻦ ‪ ancak ،‬ﺁﳒﹶﻖ ‪١٦ ............... :‬‬
‫‪ hem .٥‬ﻫ‪‬ﻢ ‪١٦ ...................................................... :‬‬

‫‪٢‬‬
‫‪ yoksa .٦‬ﻳﻮ‪‬ﻗﺴﺎ ‪١٦ .................................................. :‬‬
‫‪ Halbuki .٧‬ﺣﺎﻟﺒﻮﻛﻲ ‪١٧ .............................................. :‬‬
‫‪ Çűnkű .٨‬ﺟﻮﻧﻜﻮ ‪ zira ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ‪١٧ .................................... :‬‬
‫‪ Meğer .٩‬ﻣﻴ‪‬ﺮ ‪١٧ ..................................................... :‬‬
‫ﻇﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ‪١٨ ...............................................................‬‬
‫ﻇﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ‪١٩ ..............................................................‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳋﻔﻴﻒ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ ‪٢١ ..............................................‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪٢٢ ..................................................................‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ‪٢٣ ................................................................‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‪٢٤ ................................................................‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪٢٥ ...............................................................‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‪٢٦ ...............................................................‬‬

‫‪٣‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳍﺠﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪alafe‬‬
‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳍﺠﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﲤﺎﻣﹰﺎ ﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻛﻠـﻬﺎ ﺗﻠﻔـﻆ ﺩﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ‪ ..‬ﻭ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻳﺒﲔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫ﺁ‬ ‫ﺍ‬
‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫‪Ç‬‬ ‫‪ç‬‬ ‫ﺶ=چ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺗ‪‬ﺶ‬
‫‪D‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺩ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
‫‪E‬‬ ‫‪e‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ‬ ‫ﺋﹶﻪ‬
‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫‪G‬‬ ‫‪g‬‬ ‫ﮓَ‬ ‫ﺝ ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫‪Ğ‬‬ ‫‪ğ‬‬ ‫ﻍ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺜﻘﻞ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻍ‬
‫‪Ğ‬‬ ‫‪ğ‬‬ ‫ﻱ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺨﻔﻒ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫‪H‬‬ ‫‪h‬‬ ‫ﻫﹷ‬ ‫ﻫـ‬
‫‪Í‬‬ ‫‪ĭ‬‬ ‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﺇ ‪ ،‬ﻛﺴﺮﺓ‬
‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪i‬‬ ‫ﺇﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﻱ‬
‫‪J‬‬ ‫‪j‬‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺝ ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ‬
‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪k‬‬ ‫ﻕ ‪ ،‬ﻙ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻕ‪،‬ﻙ‬
‫‪L‬‬ ‫‪l‬‬ ‫ﹶﻝ‬ ‫ﻝ‬
‫‪M‬‬ ‫‪m‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﻡ‬
‫‪N‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫ﹶﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫‪O‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫ﺃ ‪‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺃ ‪‬ﻭ‬

‫‪٤‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ‬
‫‪Ő‬‬ ‫‪ő‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭ'‬ ‫ﺃﻭ'‬

‫‪P‬‬ ‫‪p‬‬ ‫ﭖ‬ ‫ﭖ‬

‫‪R‬‬ ‫‪r‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺭ‬
‫‪S‬‬ ‫‪s‬‬ ‫ﺹ‬
‫ﺱ‪ ،‬‬
‫ﺙﹶ‪ ،‬‬ ‫ﺙ‪ ،‬ﺱ ‪،‬ﺹ‬
‫‪Ş‬‬ ‫‪ş‬‬ ‫ﺵ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺵ‬
‫‪T‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬ ‫ﻁ‬
‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﹶ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ‪،‬ﻁ‬
‫‪U‬‬ ‫‪u‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫‪Ű‬‬ ‫‪ű‬‬ ‫ﺃ ِﻭ‬ ‫ﺃ ِﻭ‬
‫‪V‬‬ ‫‪v‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫‪Y‬‬ ‫‪Y‬‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫‪Z‬‬ ‫‪z‬‬ ‫ﺫ‪،‬ﺯ‪،‬ﺽ‪،‬ﻅ‬ ‫ﺫ‪،‬ﺯ‪،‬ﺽ‪،‬ﻅ‬

‫‪٥‬‬
 ‫ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ‬
‫"‪sen‬‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻓﺮﻕ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﲣﺎﻃﺐ ﺫﻛﺮﹰﺍ ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺖ"ﻭ‬
‫)ﺳﻦ ( " ﺗﻌﲏ " ﺃﻧﺖ َ " ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﲣﺎﻃﺐ ﺃﻧﺜﻰ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﻌﲏ " ﺃﻧ ِ‬
‫ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺳ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫‪sen‬‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺖ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧ ِ‬
‫ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺳِﻴﺰ‬ ‫‪siz‬‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺘﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﱳ‬
‫ﻛﹶﻞ‬ ‫‪gel‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻝ ‪،‬ﺗﻌﺎﱄ‬
‫ﺑﻮﻳﻮﻙ‬ ‫‪bűyűk‬‬ ‫ﻛﺒﲑ ‪ ،‬ﻛﺒﲑﺓ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺯﺩ‬ ‫‪yazdı‬‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺐ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺒ ‪‬‬

‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﻭ ﺻﻴﺎﻏﺘﻪ‬

‫ﻻ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻟﻠﻤﺜﲎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻓﻬﻮ ﲨﻊ ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﻔـﺮﺩ )‬
‫‪ tekil‬ﺗ‪‬ﻜﻴﻞ ( ﺃﻭ ﲨﻊ ) ‪ çoğul‬ﺟﻮﻏﻮﻝ (‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ) ‪ lar‬ﻻﺭ (ﰲ ﺍﳌﺜﻘﻞ ﻭ ) ‪ ler‬ﻟﹶﺮ ( ﰲ ﺍﳌﺨﻔﻒ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺗﺄﰐ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫ﲨﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﻛﻴﺘﺎﺑﻼﺭ‬ ‫‪kitaplar‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫‪kitap‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻛﻮﺟﻮﻛﻠﹶﺮ‬ ‫‪kűçűkler‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺟﻮﻙ‬ ‫‪kűçűk‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ‬
‫ﻗِﺰﻻﺭ‬ ‫‪kizlar‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗِﺰ‬ ‫‪kiz‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻟﹶﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫‪evlerde‬‬ ‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺩ‪‬ﻩ‬ ‫‪evde‬‬ ‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ‬

‫‪٦‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﻳﺴﺒﻖ ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ ) ‪ ( bir‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺑﲑ ﺃﻭﺩﺍ‬ ‫‪Bir oda‬‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺑﲑ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ‬ ‫‪Bir defter‬‬ ‫ﺩﻓﺘﺮ‬
‫ﻭ ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ) ﺃﻝ ( ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﹶﻛﹶﻠﺠ‪‬ﻚ ﺳ‪‬ﻨﻪ‬ ‫‪Gelecek sene‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﻙ ‪ Pencereyi açtim‬ﺑ‪‬ﻨﺠ‪‬ﺮﻳﻲ ﺁﺟﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺑﻮ ﻗﺎ ِ‬ ‫‪Bu kapı‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬

‫‪٧‬‬
 ‫ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﲨﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺑﻮﻧﻼﺭ‬ ‫‪Bunlar‬‬ ‫ﻫﺆﻻﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﻮ‬ ‫‪bu‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺮﻳﺐ‬
‫ﺷﻮﻧﻼﺭ‬ ‫‪Şunlar‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻻﺋﻚ‬ ‫ﺷﻮ‬ ‫‪şu‬‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻙ ‪،‬ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﻌﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻧﻼﺭ‬ ‫‪onlar‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻻﺋﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‪،‬ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺋﺐ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬

‫ﺑﻮﻧﺪ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫‪bundan‬‬ ‫ﻣِﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺎ‬ ‫‪şuna‬‬ ‫ﺇﱃ ﺫﺍﻙ‬
‫ﺑﻮ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫‪bőyle‬‬ ‫ﻫﻜﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺷﻮ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫‪şőyle‬‬ ‫ﻛﺬﺍﻙ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﻛﻴﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫‪O kitap‬‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺑﻮ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫‪Bu saat‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺷﻮ ﻋﺴﻜﺮ‬ ‫‪Şu asker‬‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻙ ﺍﳉﻨﺪﻱ‬

‫‪٨‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ‬

‫‪ -١‬ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺼﻞ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺰ‬ ‫‪Biz‬‬ ‫ﳓﻦ‬ ‫ﺑ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫‪ben‬‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺰ‬ ‫‪Siz‬‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺘﻢ‪،‬ﺃﻧﱳ‬ ‫ﺳ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫‪sen‬‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺃﻧﺖ‪،‬ﺃﻧ ِ‬
‫ﺃ ‪‬ﻭﻧﻼﺭ‬ ‫‪onlar‬‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‪،‬ﻫﻦ‬ ‫ﺃ ‪‬ﻭ‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‪،‬ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺋﺐ‬

‫‪ -٢‬ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻞ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺄﰐ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬

‫) ‪ m‬ﻡ ( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﹰﺎ ﺻﻮﺗﻴﹰﺎ ‪(١).‬‬ ‫•‬

‫) ‪ im‬ﺇﻡ ( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﹰﺎ ﺻﺎﻣﺘﹰﺎ ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻭ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ) ‪ miz‬ﻣِﺰ ( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﹰﺎ ﺻﻮﺗﻴﹰﺎ ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻭ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ) ‪ imiz‬ﺇﻣِﺰ ( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﹰﺎ ﺻﺎﻣﺘﹰﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬

‫ﻣﺎﺻﺎﻡ‬ ‫)‪masa(m‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻀﺪﰐ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺻﺎﻣِﺰ‬ ‫)‪masa(miz‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻀﺪﺗﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻛﻴﺘﺎﺑِﻢ‬ ‫)‪kitab(im‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﰊ‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺗﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ) ‪. ( A ,O , E , I , Y‬‬

‫‪٩‬‬
 ‫ﻛﻴﺘﺎِﺑﻤِﺰ‬ ‫)‪kitab(imiz‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻏﻠﹸﻢ‬ ‫)‪oğl(um‬‬ ‫ﺍﺑﲏ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻏﹸﻠﻤ‪‬ﺰ‬ ‫)‪oğl(umuz‬‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻨﻨﺎ‬

‫‪ ٢‬ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪ n‬ﻥ ( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﹰﺎ ﺻﻮﺗﻴﹰﺎ ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫) ‪ in‬ﺇﻥ ( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﹰﺎ ﺻﺎﻣﺘﹰﺎ ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻭﰲ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ )‪ niz‬ﻧِﺰ( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﹰﺎ ﺻﻮﺗﻴﹰﺎ ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻭﰲ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ )‪ iniz‬ﺇﻧِﺰ ( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﹰﺎ ﺻﺎﻣﺘﹰﺎ ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬

‫ﺑﺎﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫)‪baba(n‬‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮﻙ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺑﺎﻧِﺰ‬ ‫)‪baba(niz‬‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮﻛﻢ‬
‫ﺃﹶﻭﻳﻦ‬ ‫)‪ev(in‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺘﻚ‬
‫ﺃﹶﻭﻳِﻨـﺰ‬ ‫)‪ev(iniz‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺘﻜﻢ‬

‫‪ ٣‬ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺋﺐ ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪ si‬ﺳﻲ ( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﹰﺎ ﺻﻮﺗﻴﹰﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻭ ) ‪ i‬ﻱ ( ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﹰﺎ ﺻﺎﻣﺘﹰﺎ ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻭﰲ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ) ‪ ları‬ﻻ ِﺭ( ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻭ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ) ‪ leri‬ﻟﹶﺮﻱ( ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬

‫ﺁﻧـﱠﺴﻲ‬ ‫)‪anne(si‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺁﻧ‪‬ﻠﺮﻱ‬ ‫)‪anne(leri‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻬﻢ ‪،‬ﺃﻣﻬﻦ‬
‫ﺩﻓﺘﺮﻱ‬ ‫)‪defter(i‬‬ ‫ﺩﻓﺘﺮﻩ‪،‬ﺩﻓﺘﺮﻫﺎ‬

‫‪١٠‬‬
 ‫ﺩﻓﺘﺮﻟﹶﺮﻱ‬ ‫)‪defter(leri‬‬ ‫ﺩﻓﺘﺮﻫﻢ‪،‬ﺩﻓﺘﺮﻫﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺑﺎﻻ ِﺭ‬ ‫)‪baba(ları‬‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮﻫﻢ‪،‬ﺃﺑﻮﻫﻦ‬

‫‪ -٣‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻧﻜﻲ‬ ‫‪hangi‬‬ ‫ﺃﹶﻱ ؟‬
‫ﻛﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪kim‬‬ ‫ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ؟‬
‫ﹶﻥ‬ ‫‪ne‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ؟‬
‫ﻗﺎﭺ‬ ‫‪kaç‬‬ ‫ﻛﹶﻢ ؟‬
‫ـ ﹶﻘﺪ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫ﻧ َ‬ ‫‪ne kadar‬‬ ‫ﻛﻢ ) ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ(‬

‫‪-٤‬ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﻮﺻﻮﻝ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬

‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫‪an‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪yan‬‬

‫ﺍﻳﻐﻲ‬ ‫‪iği‬‬

‫ﺇﻳﻲ‬ ‫‪ığı‬‬

‫‪١١‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﳝﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫‪‬ﺑﻨِﻢ ﺩﺍﻳِﻢ‬ ‫‪benim dayim‬‬ ‫ﺧﺎﱄ ﺃﻧﺎ‬
‫‪‬ﺳﻨِﻦ ﺃﻭﻏﻠﹸﻦ‬ ‫‪senin oğlun‬‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻨﻚ ﺃﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺃ ‪‬ﻭﻧ‪‬ﻦ ﺟﻴ ﹾﻔﺘ‪‬ﻠﻲ ﻳﻲ‬ ‫‪onun çiftliği‬‬ ‫ﻣﺰﺭﻋﺘﻪ ﻫﻮ‬
‫ِﺑﺰِﻡ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺰﲤِﺰ‬ ‫‪bizim gazetemiz‬‬ ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺪﺗﻨﺎ ﳓﻦ‬
‫ِﺳﺰِﻥ ﺑﺎﻫﺠ‪‬ﻨـﺰ‬ ‫‪sizing bahçeniz‬‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻳﻘﺘﻜﻢ ﺃﻧﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻍ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻧﻼﺭِﻥ ﺑﺎ ِ‬ ‫‪onlarin bağı‬‬ ‫ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺮﻣ‪‬ﻬﻢ ﻫﻢ‬

‫‪١٢‬‬
 ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬

‫‪ -١‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ‬
‫ﺑﲑ‬ ‫‪bir‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫‪١‬‬
‫ﺇﻳﻜﻲ‬ ‫‪iki‬‬ ‫ﺇﺛﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪٢‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﭺ‬ ‫‪űç‬‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫‪٣‬‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺕ‬ ‫‪dőrt‬‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪٤‬‬
‫ﺑ‪‬ﺶ‬ ‫‪beş‬‬ ‫ﲬﺴﺔ‬ ‫‪٥‬‬
‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺁﻟ ِ‬ ‫‪altı‬‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺔ‬ ‫‪٦‬‬
‫ﻳ‪‬ﺪﻱ‬ ‫‪yedi‬‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪٧‬‬
‫ﺳ‪‬ﻜﻴﺰ‬ ‫‪sekiz‬‬ ‫ﲦﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪٨‬‬
‫ﺩﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮﺯ‬ ‫‪dokuz‬‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪٩‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫‪on‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮﺓ‬ ‫‪١٠‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻥ ﺑﲑ‬ ‫‪on bir‬‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫‪١١‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻥ ﺑ‪‬ﺶ‬ ‫‪on beş‬‬ ‫ﲬﺴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫‪١٥‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻥ ﺩﻭﻗﻮﺯ‬ ‫‪on dokuz‬‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫‪١٩‬‬
‫ﻳِﺮﻣﻲ‬ ‫‪yirmi‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪٢٠‬‬
‫ﻳﺮﻣﻲ ﺇﻳﻜﻲ‬ ‫‪yirmi iki‬‬ ‫ﺍﺛﻨﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻋﺸﺮﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪٢٢‬‬
‫ﻳِﺮﻣﻲ ﺩﻭﺭﺕ‬ ‫‪Yirmi dőrt‬‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭ ﻋﺸﺮﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪٢٤‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﺗﻮﺯ‬ ‫‪otuz‬‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪٣٠‬‬
‫ﻗِﺮﻕ‬ ‫‪kirk‬‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪٤٠‬‬
‫ﺃﹶﻟﻠﻲ‬ ‫‪elli‬‬ ‫ﲬﺴﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪٥٠‬‬
‫ﺁﻟﺘﻤﺶ‬ ‫‪altimş‬‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪٦٠‬‬

‫‪١٣‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ‬
‫ﻳ‪‬ﺘﻤﻴﺶ‬ ‫‪yetmiş‬‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻌﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪٧٠‬‬
‫ﺳ‪‬ﻜﺴ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫‪seksen‬‬ ‫ﲦﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪٨٠‬‬
‫ﺩﻭﻗﺼﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪doksan‬‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻌﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪٩٠‬‬
‫ﻳﻮﺯ‬ ‫‪yűz‬‬ ‫ﻣﺌﺔ‬ ‫‪١٠٠‬‬
‫ﺖ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺯﺃﻟ ِ‬ ‫‪yűz altı‬‬ ‫ﻣﺌﺔ ﻭ ﺳﺘﺔ‬ ‫‪١٠٦‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻜﻲ ﻳﻮﺯ ﺃﻭﻥ ﻳﺪﻱ‬ ‫‪Iki yűz on yedi‬‬ ‫ﻣﺌﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫‪٢١٧‬‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﺕ ﻳﻮﺯ ﺁﻟﺘﻤﺶ ﺃﻭﭺ‬ ‫‪dőrt yűz altimş‬‬
‫‪űç‬‬
‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻤﺌﺔ ﻭﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻭﺳﺘﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪٤٦٣‬‬
‫ﺑِﲔ‬ ‫‪bin‬‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻒ‬ ‫‪١٠٠٠‬‬
‫ﺑﲔ ﺑ‪‬ﺶ‬ ‫‪bin beş‬‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻒ ﻭﲬﺴﺔ‬ ‫‪١٠٠٥‬‬
‫‪yedi bin űç yűz seksen bir‬‬ ‫‪٧٣٨١‬‬

‫‪-٢‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﱯ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺑﲑِﳒﻲ‬ ‫‪birinci‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺇﻳﻜِﻨﺠﻲ‬ ‫‪ikinci‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺟ‪‬ﻨﺠﻮ‬ ‫‪űçűncű‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺩ‪‬ﳒﻮ‬ ‫‪dőrdűnci‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺑ‪‬ﺸﻨﺠﻲ‬ ‫‪beşinci‬‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬
‫ﺁﻟﺘِﻨ ِﺞ‬ ‫‪altıncı‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬
‫‪‬ﻳﺪِﳒﻲ‬ ‫‪yedinci‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫‪‬ﺳ ِﻜﺰِﳒﻲ‬ ‫‪sekizinci‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺩﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮﺯﻭﳒﻮ‬ ‫‪dokuzuncu‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ‬

‫‪١٤‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻧﻮﳒﻮ‬ ‫‪onuncu‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻥ ‪‬ﺳ ِﻜﺰِﳒﻲ‬ ‫‪on sekizinci‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮ‬
‫ِﻳﺮِﻣﻨ‪‬ﺠﻲ‬ ‫‪yirminci‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺗﻮﺯﺇﻳﻜِﻨﺠﻲ‬ ‫‪otuz ikinci‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺯ‪‬ﳒﻮ‬ ‫‪yűzűncű‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺌﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺝ ﻳﻮﺯ ﻗِﺮﻕ‬ ‫‪űç yűz kırk‬‬
‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﺑﺸِﻨﺠﻲ‬ ‫‪beşinci‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳌﺌﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨِﻨﺠﻲ‬ ‫‪bininci‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻟﻒ‬

‫‪-٣‬ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍﺀ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺭِﻡ‬ ‫‪yarim‬‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻒ‬
‫‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﻴﺮ‪‬ﻙ‬ ‫‪çeyrek‬‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺖ ﺑﲑ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺟ ‪‬‬ ‫‪űçte bir‬‬ ‫ﺛﻠﺚ‬
‫ﺖ ﺑﲑ‬‫ﺑ‪‬ﺸ ‪‬‬ ‫‪beşte bir‬‬ ‫ﲬﺲ‬
‫‪‬ﺳﻜِﺰ ‪‬ﺩ ﺑﲑ‬ ‫‪sekizde bir‬‬ ‫ﲦﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻧﺪﺍ ﺑﲑ‬ ‫‪onda bir‬‬ ‫ﻋ‪‬ﺸﺮ‬
‫ﻳﺪﻳﺪ ﺃﻭﺝ‬ ‫‪yedide űç‬‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﲬﺴﺔ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺑﻴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﻳِﺮﻣﻲ ﺑ‪‬ﺶ‬ ‫‪binde yirmi beş‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻟﻒ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺭِﻡ ﻟﲑﺍ‬ ‫‪yarim lira‬‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻒ ﻟﲑﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﻕ ﹸﻗﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫‪iki buçuk kuruş‬‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺷﺎﻥ ﻭﻧﺼﻒ‬

‫‪١٥‬‬
 ‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ‬

‫ﺩَﻩ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪de‬‬ ‫‪ .١‬ﺣﱴ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺣﱴ ﻧﺬﻫﺐ ﻣﻌﹰﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫‪Gelın de beraber gidelim‬‬
‫ﹶﻛﻠِﻦ ﺩ‪‬ﻩ ﺑ‪‬ﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ﺮ ﻛﻴ ‪‬ﺪﻟِﻢ‬

‫ﺇﻳـﻠﹶـﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ile‬‬ ‫‪َ .٢‬ﺑ ْﻴ َﻦ‬

‫ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﻭ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﻫﻲ ﺃﻟﻒ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ‪.‬‬
‫‪Beyrut ile Bağdat arasindeki mesafe bin kilometredır‬‬
‫ﺑﲑﻭﺕ ﺇﻳﻠﹶﻪ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ ﺁﺭﺍﺳِﻨﺪ‪‬ﻛﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﻪ ﺑِﲔ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ‪‬ﻩ ﺩِﺭ‬

‫‪ .٣‬ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻒ ‪ ve‬ﻭ ‪:‬‬

‫‪Yazmak için kağıt ve kalem lazimdır‬‬
‫ﻳﺎﺯﻣ‪‬ﻖ ﺇﳚﲔ ﻛﺎﻏِﺖ ﻭ ﻗﻠﻢ ﻻﺯﻣ ِﺪﺭ‬

‫‪ Fakat .٤‬ﻓﻘﻂ ‪ ama ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ‪ lakin ،‬ﻻﻛﻦ ‪ ancak ،‬ﺁﳒﹶﻖ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﺎﺩﻡ ﻭ ﻟﻜﻨﲏ ﱂ ﺃﺭﻩ ‪.‬‬
‫‪Hizmetçi gelmiş,fakat gőrmedın‬‬
‫ﺧِﺰﻣﺘﺠﻲ ﹶﻛ ﹾﻠﻤِﺶ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻛﻮﺭ ‪‬ﻣﺪِﻡ‬

‫‪ hem .٥‬ﻫَﻢ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻤﻴﺬ ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫‪hem őğretmen hem oğrenci burada‬‬
‫ﻫ‪‬ﻢ ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﲤﹶﻦ ﻫ‪‬ﻢ ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻳﺮ‪‬ﳒﻲ ﺑﻮﺭﺍﺩﺍ‬

‫ﻳﻮْﻗﺴﺎ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪yoksa‬‬ ‫‪.٦‬‬

‫ﻛﻨﺘﻢ ﺳﺘﺬﻫﺒﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﺘﱰﹼﻩ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺇﻟﹼﺎ ﻫﻞ ﻋﺪﻟﺘﻢ ؟‬
‫? ‪Gezmeğe gidecektiniz, yoksa vaz mi geçtiniz‬‬
‫ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬ﻣﻴ‪‬ﻪ ﻛﻴ ‪‬ﺪﺟ‪‬ﻜِﺘﻨِﺰ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻮﻗﺴﺎ ﻭﺍﺯ ﻣﻲ ﻛﹶﺠﺘﻴﻨِﺰ‬

‫‪١٦‬‬
 ‫‪ Halbuki .٧‬ﺣﺎﻟﺒﻮﻛﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﻮﺯﻱ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺃﺑﺪﹰﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪Fevzi hiç okula gitmezdı , halbuki şimdi okuldan hiç kesilmiyor .‬‬
‫ﻓﻮﺯﻱ ﻫِﻴﺞ ﺃﻭﻗﻮﻻ ﻛﻴﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺰﺩِ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻟﺒﻮﻛﻲ ﺷﻴﻤﺪﻱ ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮﻟﺪﺍﻥ ﻫِﻴﺞ ﻛﹶﺴﻴﻠﻤِﻴﻮ‪‬ﺭ‬

‫ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪zira‬‬ ‫‪ Çűnkű .٨‬ﺟﻮﻧﻜﻮ ‪،‬‬

‫ﱂ ﳔﺮﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻉ ؛ﻷﻥ ﺍﳌﻄﺮ ﻳﻬﻄﻞ ‪.‬‬
‫‪Sokağa çikmadık ; çűnkű yağmur yağiyor.‬‬
‫ﺳ ‪‬ﻮﻗﺎﻏﺎ ﺟﻴﻘﻤﺎﺩِﻕ ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮﻧﻜﻮ ﻳﺎﻏﻤﻮﺭ ﻳﺎﻏﻴﻴﻮ‪‬ﺭ‬

‫‪َ Meğer .٩‬ﻣﻴَﺮ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻛﻨﺖ ﻇﻨﻨﺖ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﺼﺎﻥ ﺳﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﻧﺎ ﳐﺪﻭﻉ ‪.‬‬
‫‪bu atı huysuz zannetmiştim, meğer aldanmışım .‬‬
‫ﻁ ﺧﻮﻳ‪‬ﺴﻮﺯ ﻇﹶﻦ ﺍ‪‬ﺗﻤِﺸﺘِﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴ‪‬ﺮ ﺁﻟﺪﺍ ِﳕﺸِﻢ‬
‫ﺑﻮ ﺁ ِ‬

‫‪١٧‬‬
 ‫ﻇﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺁﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫‪alt‬‬ ‫ﻍ‬
‫ﺁﺷﺎ ِ‬ ‫‪aşağı‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻔﻞ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺳ‪‬ﺖ‬ ‫‪űst‬‬ ‫ﻳﻮﻗﺎ ِﺭ‬ ‫‪yukarı‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺩِﺵ‬ ‫‪dış‬‬ ‫ﺩِﺷﺎ ِﺭ‬ ‫‪dışarı‬‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ‬
‫ﺇﻳﺞ‬ ‫‪iç‬‬ ‫ﺇ ‪‬ﳚﺮﻱ‬ ‫‪içeri‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪őn‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻛﹶﺮﻱ‬ ‫‪geri‬‬ ‫ﺁﺭﻗﺎ‬ ‫‪arka‬‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺵ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺭ ِ‬ ‫‪karşı‬‬ ‫ﲡﺎﻩ‬

‫ﺁﺷﺎﻏِﻴﻴ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﻳﻦ‬ ‫‪aşağiye in‬‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺰﻝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻞ‬

‫ﻣﺎﺻﺎﻧِﻦ ﺁﻟﺘِﻨﺪ‪‬ﺍ‬ ‫‪masnın altında‬‬ ‫ﲢﺖ ﺍﳌﻨﻀﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻧ‪‬ﻤﺪ‪‬ﻩ ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫‪őnűmde dur‬‬ ‫ﻗﻒ ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻛﹶﺮﻱ ﻳ‪‬ﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪geriye dőn‬‬ ‫ﺩ‪‬ﺭ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺍﺀ‬

‫ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺮﱐ ﲡﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ‬

‫‪Beni caminin karşısında bekle‬‬
‫ﺑ‪‬ﲏ ﺟﺎﻣﻴﻨِﻦ ﻗﺎﺭ ِﺷﺴِﻨﺪ‪‬ﻩ ﺑ‪‬ﻜﻠﹶﻪ‬

‫‪١٨‬‬
 ‫ﻇﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺁﻗﺸﺎﻡ‬ ‫‪akşam‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺻﺒﺎﺡ‬ ‫‪sabah‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﺡ‬
‫ﻛﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪gűn‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬
‫ﻛﻮﻧﺪﻭﺯ‬ ‫‪gűndűz‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ‬
‫ﹶﻛﺠ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫‪gece‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺁﻗﺸﺎﻣﻼﻳِﻦ‬ ‫‪akşamlayın‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎ ًﺀ‬
‫ﻛﻮﻧﺪﻭﺯﹶﻟﻴِﻦ‬ ‫‪gűndűzleyin‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺎﺭﹰﺍ‬
‫ﹶﻛﺠ‪‬ﻪ ﻛﻮﺩﻭﺯ‬ ‫‪gece gűndűz‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﺎﺭﹰﺍ‬
‫ﻟﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ِﺭ ِ‬ ‫‪gece yarısı‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻳﻠﹶﻪ‬ ‫‪őğle‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺇﻳﻜِﻨﺪﻱ‬ ‫‪ikindi‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬
‫ﺁﻗﺸﺎﻡ‬ ‫‪akşam‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ‬
‫ﺲ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺗ ِ‬ ‫‪yatsı‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺩ‪‬ﺭﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪derhal‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎ ﹰﻻ‬
‫ﺷِﻴﻤﺪﻱ‬ ‫‪şimdi‬‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺋِﻤﺎ‬ ‫‪daima‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﻤﹰﺎ‬
‫ﺁﺭﺍﺻِﺮﺍ‬ ‫‪arasıra‬‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﹰﺎ‬
‫ﺃﹶﺭﻛﹶﻦ‬ ‫‪erken‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻛﺮﹰﺍ‬
‫ﻛﹶﺞ‬ ‫‪geç‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺄﺧﺮﹰﺍ‬
‫ﺃﺭﻛﹶﺞ‬ ‫‪ergeç‬‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪dűn‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺲ‬

‫‪١٩‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺲ ﻛﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻭﹾﻟ ِ‬ ‫‪Evelsi gűn‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻝ ﺃﻣﺲ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺭِﻥ‬ ‫‪yarın‬‬ ‫ﻏﺪﹰﺍ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺑﻮﺭ ﻛﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪őbűr gűn‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻏﺪ‬
‫ﹶﻛﺠ‪‬ﻦ ﻫ‪‬ﻔﻄﺎ‬ ‫‪geçen hafta‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻮﻉ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬
‫ﹶﻛﹶﻠﺠ‪‬ﻚ ﻫﻔﻄﺎ‬ ‫‪gelecek hafta‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻡ‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻗﹾﺘﻴﻠﹶﻪ‬ ‫‪vaktile‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺑﻘﹰﺎ‬
‫ﺻِﻖ ﺻِﻖ‬ ‫‪sık sık‬‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺯِﻥ‬ ‫‪yazın‬‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻔﹰﺎ‬
‫ِﻗﺸِﻦ‬ ‫‪kışın‬‬ ‫ﺷﺘﺎ ًﺀ‬

‫‪٢٠‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳋﻔﻴﻒ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻳﺼﺎﻍ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﹰﺎ ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑـ ) ‪ mak‬ﻣ‪‬ﻖ ( ﰲ ﺍﳌﺜﻘﻞ ﻭ ) ‪ mek‬ﻣ‪‬ﻚ ( ﰲ ﺍﳌﺨﻔﻒ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺯﻣ‪‬ﻖ‬ ‫)‪yaz(mak‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬
‫ﻛﻴﺘﻤ‪‬ﻚ‬ ‫)‪git(mek‬‬ ‫ﺫﻫﺐ‬

‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﲔ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻜﱡﺮ ﺍﺗ‪‬ﻤﻚ‬ ‫‪teşekkűr etmek‬‬ ‫ﺷﻜﺮ‬
‫‪‬ﻫ ِﺪﻳ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﺗ‪‬ﻤﻚ‬ ‫‪hediye etmek‬‬ ‫ﺃﻫﺪﻯ‬
‫ﺁ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﺘﺴ‪‬ﺖ ﺁﳌﻖ‬ ‫‪aptest almak‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺄ‬
‫ﻧ‪‬ﻤﺎﺯ ِﻗﻠﹾﻤﻖ‬ ‫‪namaz kılmak‬‬ ‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ‬
‫ﺇﺫِﻥ ﻭ‪‬ﺭﻣ‪‬ﻚ‬ ‫‪izin vermek‬‬ ‫ﺃ ِﺫ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺇﺫِﻥ ﺁﳌﻖ‬ ‫‪izin almak‬‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺄﺫﻭﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺎﺯِﺭ ﺃﻭ‪‬ﳌﻖ‬ ‫‪hazır olamak‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻴﺄ‬

‫‪٢١‬‬
 ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬
‫ﻳﺼﺎﻍ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﲝﺬﻑ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻟﻴﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ ‪:‬‬
‫ﲨﻊ ) ‪(çoğul‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ) ‪(tekil‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮﻳ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫‪okuyun‬‬
‫ﺍﻗﺮﺃﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮ‬ ‫‪oku‬‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺮﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮﻳﻮﻧ‪‬ﺰ‬ ‫‪okuyunuz‬‬ ‫‪okumak‬‬

‫ﺃﻭﻗﻮﺻﻮﻧﻼﺭ‬ ‫‪okusunlar‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻗﻮﺻﻮﻥ ﻟﻴﻘﺮﺃﻭﺍ‬ ‫‪okusun‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻘﺮﺃ‬

‫ﺇﳚِﻦ‬ ‫‪içın‬‬
‫ﺍﺷﺮﺑﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﺞ‬ ‫‪iç‬‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺮﺏ‬
‫ﺇ ِﳚﻨِﺰ‬ ‫‪içınız‬‬ ‫‪içmek‬‬

‫ﺇﳚﺴﻮﻧﹶﻠﺮ‬ ‫‪içsűnler‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺸﺮﺑﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﳚﺴﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪içsűn‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺸﺮﺏ‬

‫ﻳﺎﺯِﻥ‬ ‫‪yazın‬‬
‫ﺍﻛﺘﺒﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺯ‬ ‫‪yaz‬‬ ‫ﺍﻛﺘﺐ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ِﺯﻧِﺰ‬ ‫‪yazınız‬‬ ‫‪yazmak‬‬

‫ﻳﺎﺯﺳِﻨﻼﺭ‬ ‫‪yazsınlar‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻜﺘﺒﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺯﺳِﻦ‬ ‫‪yazsın‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻜﺘﺐ‬

‫‪٢٢‬‬
 ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳊﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﻳﺼﺎﻍ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ‪ di‬ﺩﻱ ﺃﻭ ‪ du‬ﺩ ﻟﻠﺸﺨﺺ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻫﻮ ﺟﺬﻉ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ ) ‪( t , p , k , ç‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ ﺗﺎ ًﺀ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫‪‬ﻳﺪِﻙ‬ ‫‪yedık‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﻠﻨﺎ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳﺪِﻡ‬ ‫‪yedım‬‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺃﻛﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ِﺪﻧِﺰ‬ ‫‪yedınız‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﻠﺘﻢ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳﺪِﻥ‬ ‫‪yedın‬‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺃﻛﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ِﺪﻟﹶﺮ‬ ‫‪yedıler‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﻠﻮﺍ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ ِﺪ‬ ‫‪yedı‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﻛﹶﻴﺘ‪‬ﻚ‬ ‫‪gittik‬‬ ‫ﺫﻫﺒﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﺘ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫‪gittim‬‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺫﻫﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻛﻴ‪‬ﺘﻨِﺰ‬ ‫‪gittiniz‬‬ ‫ﺫﻫﺒﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﺘ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫‪gittin‬‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺫﻫﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻛﻴﺘ‪‬ﻴﻠﹶﺮ‬ ‫‪gittiler‬‬ ‫ﺫﻫﺒﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﺘ‪‬ﻲ‬ ‫‪gitti‬‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺫﻫ ‪‬‬

‫ﻭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻈﻦ ﻳﺼﺎﻍ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ‪ mış‬ﻣِﺶ ﺃﻭ ‪ muş‬ﻣﻮﺵ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌـﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺁ ِﳌﺸِﺰ‬ ‫‪almışız‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺁ ِﳌﺸِﻢ‬ ‫‪almışım‬‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﺰ‬
‫ﺁﳌِﺸ ِ‬ ‫‪almişsınız‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬﰎ‬ ‫ﺁﳌِﺸﺴِﻦ‬ ‫‪Almışsın‬‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﺁﳌِﺸﻼﺭ‬ ‫‪almışlar‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺁﳌِﺶ‬ ‫‪almış‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧ ﹶﺬ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺁ ِﳌﺸِﺰ‬ ‫‪almışız‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺁ ِﳌﺸِﻢ‬ ‫‪almışım‬‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﺰ‬
‫ﺁﳌِﺸ ِ‬ ‫‪almişsınız‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬﰎ‬ ‫ﺁﳌِﺸﺴِﻦ‬ ‫‪Almışsın‬‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﺁﳌِﺸﻼﺭ‬ ‫‪almışlar‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺁﳌِﺶ‬ ‫‪almış‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧ ﹶﺬ‬

‫‪٢٣‬‬
 ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬
‫ﻳﺼﺎﻍ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ‪ yor‬ﻳﻮ‪‬ﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﺣﺮﻓﹰﺎ ﺻﺎﻣﺘﹰﺎ‬
‫ﺗ‪‬ﺴﺒﻖ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ‪ yor‬ﲝﺮﻑ ‪ i‬ﺃﻭ ‪: u‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻗﻮﻳﻮﺭ‪‬ﺯ‬ ‫‪okuyoruz‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺮﺃ =‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻗﻮﻳﻮﺭ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫‪okuyorum‬‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺮﺃ )ﺍﻵﻥ(‬
‫ﺃﻭﻗﻮﻳﻮﺭ ‪‬ﺳﻨ‪‬ﺰ‬ ‫‪okuyorsunuz‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻗﻮﻳﻮ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻦ ﺗﻘﺮﺃﻭﻥ =‬ ‫‪okuyorsun‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﺃ =)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮﻳﻮ‪‬ﺭﻻﺭ‬ ‫‪okuyorlar‬‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮﺃﻭﻥ =‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻗﻮﻳﻮﺭ‬ ‫‪okuyor‬‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮﺃ =‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬

‫ﻛﹶﺰﻳﻴﻮﺭ‪‬ﺯ‬ ‫‪geziyoruz‬‬ ‫ﻧﺘـﻨـﺰﻩ‬ ‫ﹶﻛﺰﻳﻴ ‪‬ﻮﺭ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫‪geziyorum‬‬ ‫ﺃﺗﱰﹼﻩ )ﺍﻵﻥ(‬
‫ﻛﹶﺰﻳﻴﻮ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺳﻨ‪‬ﺰ‬ ‫‪geziyorsunuz‬‬ ‫ﹶﻛﺰﻳﻴﻮ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻦ ﺗﺘﱰﻫﻮﻥ =‬ ‫‪geziyorsun‬‬ ‫ﺗﺘﱰﻩ )ﺍﻵﻥ(‬
‫ﻛﹶﺰﻳﻴﻮ‪‬ﺭﻻﺭ‬ ‫‪geziyorlar‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﱰﻫﻮﻥ =‬ ‫ﻛﹶﺰﻳﻴﻮﺭ‬ ‫‪geziyor‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﱰﻩ )ﺍﻵﻥ(‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﺈﺷﺎﺭﺓ = ﺃﻱ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ) ﺍﻵﻥ ( ‪.‬‬

‫‪٢٤‬‬
 ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬
‫ﻳﺼﺎﻍ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ) ‪ r‬ﺭ ‪ ar ،‬ﺁﺭ ‪ er ،‬ﺃﺭ ‪ ur ،‬ﺍﻭﺭ ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺗﺒﻌـﹰﺎ‬
‫ﳊﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﻳﺎﻃﺎﺭِﺯ‬ ‫‪yatariz‬‬ ‫ﻧﻨﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﻃﺎﺭِﻡ‬ ‫‪yatarım‬‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻳﺎﻃﺎﺭ ِﺳﻨِﺰ‬ ‫‪yatarsınız‬‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﻃﺎﺭﺳِﻦ‬ ‫‪yatarsın‬‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻳﺎﻃﺎﺭﻻﺭ‬ ‫‪yatarlar‬‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺎﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﻃﺎﺭ‬ ‫‪yatar‬‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺎﻡ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬

‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻃﻮ ‪‬ﺭﺭ‪‬ﺯ‬ ‫‪otururuz‬‬ ‫ﳒﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻃﻮ ‪‬ﺭﺭ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫‪otururum‬‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻠﺲ‬
‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻃﻮﺭﺭ ‪‬ﺳﻨ‪‬ﺰ‬ ‫‪otururunuz‬‬ ‫ﲡﻠﺴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻃﻮﺭ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫‪oturursun‬‬ ‫ﲡﻠﺲ‬
‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻃﻮﺭ‪‬ﺭﻻﺭ‬ ‫‪otururlar‬‬ ‫ﳚﻠﺴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻃﻮﺭ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫‪oturur‬‬ ‫ﳚﻠﺲ‬

‫‪٢٥‬‬
 ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬
‫ﻳﺼﺎﻍ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ‪ acak‬ﺍﺟﺎﻕ ﺃﻭ ‪ ecek‬ﺃﺟ‪‬ﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﺔ ﺗ‪‬ﺴﺒﻖ ﲝﺮﻑ ‪: y‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬
‫ﻛ ‪‬ﲑ ‪‬ﺟﻴِﺰ‬ ‫‪gireceğiz‬‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻛ ‪‬ﲑ ‪‬ﺟﻴِﻢ‬ ‫‪gireceğim‬‬ ‫ﺳﺄﺩﺧﻞ‬
‫ﺴﻨِﺰ‬
‫ﻛ ‪‬ﲑﺟ‪‬ﻜ ِ‬ ‫‪gireceksiniz‬‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺪﺧﻠﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻛ ‪‬ﲑﺟ‪‬ﻜﺴِﻦ‬ ‫‪gireceksin‬‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫ﻛ ‪‬ﲑﺟ‪‬ﻜﻠﹶﺮ‬ ‫‪girecekler‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﺧﻠﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻛ ‪‬ﲑﺟ‪‬ﻚ‬ ‫‪girecek‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﺧﻞ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﰊ‬

‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮﻳﺎ ‪‬ﺟﻐِﺰ‬ ‫‪okuyacağız‬‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻘﺮﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮﻳﺎﺟ‪‬ﻐﻢ‬ ‫‪okuyacağim‬‬ ‫ﺳﺄﻗﺮﺃ‬
‫ﺴﻨِﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮﻳﺎﺟ‪‬ﻘ ِ‬ ‫‪okuyacaksınız‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮﻳﺎﺟ‪‬ﻘﺴِﻦ ﺳﺘﻘﺮﺃﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪Okuyacaksın‬‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻘﺮﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮﻳﺎﺟ‪‬ﻘﻼﺭ‬ ‫‪okuyacaklar‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻘﺮﺃﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‪‬ﻗﻮﻳﺎﺟ‪‬ﻖ‬ ‫‪okuyacak‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻘﺮﺃ‬

‫‪٢٦‬‬