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CCNA Advance

Chapter 2
Hot Standby Routing Protocol

Configuring Layer 3 Redundancy with


HSRP

Routing Issues: Using Default


Gateways

Routing Issues: Using Proxy ARP

Identifying the Router Redundancy


Process

Identifying the Router Redundancy


Process

Describing HSRP

The Active Router

The active router responds to ARP requests


with the well-known MAC address of
the virtual router.

The Virtual Router MAC Address

The Standby Router


The standby router listens
for periodic hello
messages on 224.0.0.2

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Active and Standby Router Interaction

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Describing HSRP States

An HSRP router can be in one of six


different states:
Initial
Learn
Listen
Speak
Standby
Active

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HSRP State Transition

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HSRP Standby State

A router in the standby state:


Is a candidate for active router
Sends hello messages
Knows the virtual router IP address
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HSRP Active State

A router in the active state:


Assumes the active forwarding of
packets for the virtual router
Sends hello messages
Knows the virtual router IP address
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HSRP Configuration Commands

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Configuring an HSRP Standby Interface

Enabling HSRP on a Cisco router


interface automatically
disables ICMP redirects.

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Optimizing HSRP

HSRP Optimization Options

These options can be configured to


optimize HSRP:
HSRP standby priority
HSRP standby preempt
Hello message timers
HSRP interface tracking
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Configuring HSRP Standby Priority

The router with the highest priority in an HSRP group


becomes the active router.
The default priority is 100.
In the case of a tie, the router with the highest
configured IP address will become active.

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Configuring HSRP Standby Preempt

Preempt enables a router to resume the forwarding router role.

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Configuring the Hello Message Timer

The holdtime parameter value should be at least three


times the value of the hellotime parameter.

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HSRP Interface Tracking

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HSRP Interface Tracking (Cont.)

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Configuring HSRP Tracking


Configures HSRP tracking

Example of HSRP tracking

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Tuning HSRP
- Configure hellotime and holdtime to millisecond values.
- Configure preempt delay timer so that preempt occurs only after the
distribution switch has fully rebooted and established full connectivity
to the rest of the network.

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Multiple HSRP Groups

To load balance routers, assign them to multiple groups on the same subnet.

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Addressing HSRP Groups


Across Trunk Links
To load
balance routers
and links:
Per VLAN,
configure
the HSRP
active
router and
the
spanning
tree root to
be the
same
multilayer
switch.

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About the HSRP Debug Command

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Debugging HSRP

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Debugging HSRP (Cont.)

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Summary
Router redundancy allows two or more routers to work as a
group to maintain forwarding of IP packets.
A single default gateway or proxy ARP does not provide the
redundancy required in a campus network.
HSRP provides router redundancy to end devices. HSRP
operates to provide nonstop path redundancy for IP.
An HSRP-enabled router will exist in a specific state or transition
through a series of
states.
HSRP is configured using the standby command.
HSRP is enabled per interface.
Preempt, timers, and interface tracking are options that can be
configured to optimize
HSRP.
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Summary
HSRP preempt can be tuned by adjusting timers that can thereby
reduce failover time.
To facilitate load sharing, a single interface on a router can be a
member of multiple HSRP groups.
Specific debug commands are used to view HSRP state changes.
Debug can be used to discover the virtual IP address and the
priority of the active and standby routers.

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Question ?
Thank you !

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