P3

The food retailers have changed to meet improvements by installing self- scan
checkouts to reduce queues in stores, this new type of technology that supermarkets
have invested to keep their customers happy, by reducing the time standing in
queues.
They also have websites where their customers can view the products and services
they require to make it easy for their customers and more convenient.
Retailers must adapt to changes and create more parking space as it will irritate the
customers if they have to wait for parking and reduce customer frequency of visiting
the store.
Customer service is vital in the retail industry. It is a key competitive differentiator and
should be seen as long term commitment and will not succeed if it is viewed as short
term tactic. Customer loyalty is also important as selling to existing customers is
easier, cheaper, than finding and selling to new ones. Loyal customers tend to buy
more and regularly.

P4

Hygiene: Food Safety Regulations 2005- example- food safety management system based on
Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP);personal hygiene example- nails, hands, hair
grooming; food hygiene, food handling and quality, fixtures and fittings cleaned and hygienic;
procedures; protective clothing; contamination.
Health and safety: Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, Health and Safety (First Aid)
Regulations 1981, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences, Control of Substances Hazardous to
Health Regulations (COSHH) 2002; healthy and safe environment

P5
1.

Corporate social responsibility: regeneration, urban renewal; meeting local ethnic/cultural

and spiritual needs like speciality foods for religions festivals (Eid, Diwali, New Year) specific
ways of processing/handling and working conditions, example: flexible and informed decisions.

2.

Example: clear nutritional information, sugar levels; special ranges like vegetarian, vegan,
diabetic, lacto tolerance; responding to current trends.

3.

Social: socio-economic changes such as immigration and foreign travel, tastes, eating
patterns; lifestyles (focus on work/life), people living longer, ability to spend more.

D1

In the olden days keeping customers needs and wants in mind was unnecessary as there was
less competition and customer loyalty was high so they wouldnt change their store preference
because of inconvenience.
The sales in this store are higher at night than day because it gives customers time to go shop
according to their convenience especially in working households.
With the advancement of science and technology, bar code scanners, loyalty cards, etc were
introduced to attract new customers and motivate existing customers.
The type of goods and services demanded by consumers is mostly influenced by their beliefs
and attitudes which are currently influenced by their awareness of health issues, due to which
their approach towards foods is changing constantly.
Carrefour has many 24/7 store in Dubai and one of them is located in Marina which is one of the
posh locations and has a very active night life

D2

Food retailers have to follow a specific process in preparing and managing food because it can
cause many illnesses and affect the brand name.
Rules and regulations are made by the government to ensure the safety of the citizens and to
control the pollution caused in manufacturing/ producing these items.
If food retailers dont meet their health and safety they will be prosecuted and fined heavily.
Theyve been expanding their activities to serve various consumer needs and wants.
The UK food retail industry is an established sector of the UK economy.

M1
A food business must provide, to the reasonable satisfaction of an authorised officer upon
request, the following information relating to food on the food premises: The name and business
address of the vendor, manufacturer or packer or, in the case of food imported, the name and
business address of the importer.
A food business must, when storing food, store the food in such a way that: it is protected from
the likelihood of contamination; and the environmental conditions under which it is stored will
not adversely affect the safety and suitability of the food.
A food business must, when storing potentially hazardous food: store it under temperature
control; and if it is food that is intended to be stored frozen, ensure the food remains frozen
during storage.
A food business must take all practicable measures to ensure it only accepts food that is
protected from the likelihood of contamination.
The prescribed name or, if there is no prescribed name, an appropriate designation of the food.

M2
Morocco, a country with around 30 million people, opened its first supermarket almost twenty
years ago, and in 2009 an on-line supermarket opened in Casablanca with a good stock of fresh
fruit and vegetables.
Customers, who are usually under 40, have high purchasing power and have lived abroad, have
been availing themselves of this unique offer, the services offered and the quality of the produce
sold being of paramount importance to them, as is the case in most developed countries.
There are also great expectations of major transformations in the distribution sector by 2020
through measures to treble large-scale retail capacities.
Morocco has had distribution chains in the main cities such as Casablanca and Rabat since the
early 1990s.
Large supermarkets have now opened in all major cities and branches are following suit in
medium-sized cities.
The number of establishments in the modern distribution sector has doubled in the last 5 years.
Besides Moroccan groups with well-established distribution chains and market leaders, there are
also foreign investors from the EU and Turkey.
Foreign investment is expanding its presence; the Turkish company BIM, for instance, has
opened 150 stores by the end of 2012.
The opposite is the case for people living in rural areas, who have low incomes and buy from the
typical traditional retail outlets (souks).
Approximately 50% of the total number of modern supermarkets is located in these two cities.
Direct contracting from producers is still limited, and produce usually goes through
middlemen.

P2
When a company develops a strong core product line, the product range allows the company to
focus on those product lines while still offering enough variety in size, colour, taste or
functionality to appeal to a wide range of potential customers.
Product ranges demonstrate how companies can offer alternatives to their core product, such as
how Kellogg's makes both Frosted Flakes cereal for children and Special K for health-conscious
consumers.
The retail store changes its core product range in response to consumer demands within
individual stores.
The company specializes in a type of product or service, but offers additions or alterations to suit
different types of customers.
Companies that offer a product range work on variations of a theme.

D3
Walmart was caught using child labour in Bangladesh At the end of 2005, the Radio Canada
programme Zone Libre made public the news that Walmart was using child labour at two
factories in Bangladesh.89 Children aged 10-14 years old were found to be working in the
factories for less than $50 a month making products of the Walmart brand for export to Canada.
Employees are not allowed to sit down during working hours Internet research also presented a
couple of articles related to Canon Electronics Inc., a company based in Japan, forcing its
employees to stand during their work and demanding that they walk at a specific pace.
Referring to Walmarts policy at that time consisting of cutting ties with suppliers when violations
occurred, the NGO Maquila Solidarity Network said that cutting and running is the worst possible
response to reports of child labour or other sweatshop abuses.
Good example: Survey Monkey Survey Monkey is best known for its easy-to-use survey
creation software, but the company's nationwide survey service, Audience, was created as a way
to give back to deserving causes across the country.
Nevertheless, Walmart ceased business with the two factories immediately and alleges that
despite its effort to inspect all factories, it is difficult to enforce its own corporate code of conduct
with thousands of subcontractors around the world.
In Hisashi Sakamakis theory (Representative Director of Canon Electronics) forcing employees
to stand not only saves money but increases productivity and enhances employee relationships.

Canon Denmark case clearly showed that work-related stress has a negative effect on the whole
working process and that good management focused on preventing stressful situations is crucial.
Critiques said that it only discourages workers from telling the truth to factory auditors for fear
of losing their jobs and encourages suppliers to hide abuses or to subcontract work to other
factories that will escape inspection