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and atheroscleroservations the prevalence of smoking and mortality from coromry heart disease
have declined, but 25% of all ~~~~~~v~s~~lar
deaths in the
developed countries are still attributable to cigarette smoking (3). Even in countries where the incidence of coronary
heart disease is relatively low, smoking shows
Gender
Ageiyr)
Weight
(kg)
He&%(cm)
BU (m3,
Smokers
(n = 14)
Nonsmokers
(n = 14)
9Ml5F
37 (25-W
73 (55-88)
175(158-186)
1.9(M-2.1)
9M;SF
37(w-541
72 (52-931
174(161-183)
1.9(1.6-2.0)
bl
KWL EKAL.
3.
Nonsmokers
it causes
medulla awd an
d
stimulation or direct
2.
3.
om mtional vitsnlstatistics.
Lancet tW;J39: 1268-78.
Kiyohara Y, Ueda K, Fujishima M. Smoking and sar&vascu?x
discasf:
in the general population in Japan. J Hypertens I%%;8 Suppl %W-15.
Glantz SA, Rarmley VW. Passive sm0,king and heart disease. Epiderniology, physiology and biochemistry. Circulation 19%;83: 1-12.
Cruickshank JM, Neil-Dwyer G, Dorrance DE, Hayes Y, Pate1 S. Acuk
effects of smoking on blood pressure and cerebral blood flow. J
Hypertens 19&9;3:443-9.
7. LepPntalo M, Lassila 8. Smoking and occlusive arterial disease.
Sug %991;157:83-7.
8. Bijhler FR, Vesanen K. Walters JT.
Ii P. Impact of smoking on heart
attacks, strokes, blood pressure co
I, drug dO!X, iKId C$ldily Of life
aspects in the International Ptospeclive Primary Brevcntiori Study in
Hypcncasioa, Am Heart J 19Xi;l15:2#2-7.
9. DOllWy C, !%Wi~ii~ t?F. TktZ
lrial: the smoking pahnl. Am
10. Bcnowitz NL. Pharmacologica
addiction. N En@ J Med 1988;319:1318-30.
II.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
of
17. Care CG, Lever MJ, Parker M-L Fish Pd. EfTtxt of eiga
the pattern of arterial bb3d flow: postiiblc insight i
underlying the developme@ of arlerinsclerosis. kaucsl 1%3%4:11-I%
IS. Grassi G, Scnvaile 8. Calhoun DA. BslJd 6, Manch G. CigarMe
smoking and the adrunergic m~ousi system. Clin Exp ~y~~~~n~
IAl
l992:A14:251-MI.
19. Berlin I, Cournot A, Renout P, Duchier J, S&W
KOOL ET AL..
SMOKING
AND ARTERK AL WALL
PROPERTIES
Suppi5:SiY-23.
21, RichardsonD. Effectsof tobacco sm&e inhalation on capitlwr blood
flowin human skin. Arch Environ He&h 1%7;42:19-25. _ _
Jacobs MC, Lenders ,I, Kapma JA. Smits P. Thien T. The elect of
smokicingon vascular relaxation [abstn:ct] Pharm WeekblSci l!Wl:13
Suppl L:M
Cryw PE, HaymondMW, SantiagoJV, %ah SD. Nwpinephrine and
e&ephri& r&se and adrener& mediation of smokig&ociated
hemodwamic a& metabolic events. N Engl J Mcd 1976;295:573-7.
ephrine, epinephrine; and the sympathomimetic
AA, Onusi 0, Mansia
romplilrnce in man, J
and nanumokers:
51.
30. Lassila R, Seyberth NW, Haapanen A, Srhweer H, Koskenvuo M,
33
34.
35.
36.
37.