Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any Five Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
*******
1. a) An IF neuron model is considered as a special case of spiking neuron model.
Justify your answer.
b) Explain briefly about the organization of brain
[8+8]
[8+8]
[8+8]
1 of 1
[8+8]
[8+8]
[8+8]
Set No.2
Max Marks: 80
4.
[8+8]
[8+8]
[8+8]
5.
What are the modes of operation of a Hopfield network?. Explain the algorithm
for storage of information in a Hopfield network. Similarly explain the recall algorithm.
6.
7.
a) Mention the need for the De-Fuzzification, explain the three types of De-Fuzzification
with its formulae.
b) Discuss in detail the methods to generate membership functions.
[8+8]
8.
1 of 1
[8+8]
Set No.3
1.
Max Marks: 80
[8+8]
2.
3.
[8+8]
4.
a) Mention in detail about multi layer neural network. Mention the advantage of the Back
Propagation algorithm
b) Discuss about Kolmogorov theorem in detail.
[8+8]
5.
6.
7.
8.
[8+8]
1 of 1
Set No.4
[8+8]
[8+8]
4.
5.
[8+8]
6.
a) What are the parameters to be considered for the design of membership function?
b) Discuss the measure of fuzziness and dissonance
[8+8]
7.
8.
[8+8]
Design and develop a pressure process control by FLC model. Formulate necessary
Membership functions and required fuzzy rules for the application.
1 of 1
Set No. 1
1 of 2
Set No. 1
[4+4+4+4]
[8+8]
2 of 2
[16]
[16]
Set No. 2
[10+6]
umask
find
mount
unlink.
[4+4+4+4]
sort
cut
pg
cmp.
[4+4+4+4]
7. Which of the software engineering paradigms do you think most effective? Why?
[16]
8. Explain component - based development model.
?????
1 of 1
[16]
Set No. 3
[4+4+4+4]
2. (a) Define a data manipulation language. Write a syntax for the following and
give an example for each:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Select statement
Update statement
Delete statement
Insert statement.
(b) What are the insertion, deletion and update anomalies that occur in a database?
[12+4]
3. (a) Define Omega notation. Explain the terms involved in it. Give an example.
(b) What are the advantages of the partition algorithm?
[10+6]
4. Write a greedy method for sequencing unit time jobs with deadlines and profits
and what is the complexity of the algorithm.
[16]
5. Explain the following commands with syntax [S]
(a) mkdir
(b) find
(c) ftp
(d) telnet.
[4+4+4+4]
[4+4+4+4]
1 of 2
Set No. 3
[16]
8. What is a design? Who does it? What is its important? What are the steps? [16]
?????
2 of 2
Set No. 4
Class Hierarchies
Aggregation
ER-diagrams
The designing steps beyond ER-design
Entities and Attributes.
[4+3+3+3+3]
2. (a) Explain the three set-manipulations constructs available in SQL with examples.
(b) What is a subquery? Explain with examples.
[9+7]
3. (a) Explain recursive algorithm in detail.
(b) Explain Tower of Hanoi problem and write a recursive algorithm for towers of
Hanoi.
[8+8]
4. (a) Write about job sequencing with deadlines with an example.
(b) Distinguish the greedy method and dynamic programming method.
[10+6]
nl
pg
comm
awk.
[4+4+4+4]
[8+8]
8. State and explain the fundamental concepts that are applicable to all software
design.
[16]
?????
1 of 1
Set No. 1
[8+8]
2. Derive the finite element equations from the one dimensional second order equation
by variational approach.
[16]
3. Derive the element stiffness matrix for the plane truss element.
[16]
4. A cantilever beam of 1 m length carries a single point load at the end of the beam
of 10 kN. Calculate the deflection at the end of the beam using FEM, if E = 70
Gpa, A=500 mm2 and I = 2500 mm4 .
[16]
5. Derive the expressions needed for the evaluation of the stiffness matrix of the
isoparametric four-noded finite element shown in figure1. Assume plane stress
and plane strain condition.
[16]
Figure 1:
6. Explain the methodology for the treatment of all three boundary conditions in a
1-D heat transfer element?
[16]
7. Determine the natural frequencies and mode shapes of a stepped bar as shown in
figure2 using the characteristic polynomial technique. Assume E = 250 Gpa and
density is 7850 kg/m3 .
[16]
1 of 2
Set No. 1
Figure 2:
8. (a) Explain the automatic mesh generation technique.
(b) Explain coupled field analysis and give some examples.
?????
2 of 2
[8+8]
Set No. 2
[8+8]
2. Explain the mathematical interpretation of finite element method for one dimensional field problems.
[16]
3. Determine the displacements at nodes and the stresses in elements shown in figure1:
[16]
Figure 1:
4. Show that the central deflection of the beam of length L m (both the ends are fixed)
carries a load of P at the center is given by PL3 /192 EI using FEM by dividing the
beam into two elements?
[16]
5. (a) Discuss the significance and applications of triangular elements.
(b) Two dimensional simplex elements are used to find the pressure distribution
in a fluid medium. The (x, y) coordinates of nodes i, j and k of an element
are given by (2, 4), (4, 0) and (2, 6) respectively. Find the shape functions
Ni , Nj and Nk of the element.
[10+6]
6. Explain the methodology for the treatment of all three boundary conditions in a
1-D heat transfer element?
[16]
1 of 2
Set No. 2
7. Derive the elemental jumped and constant mass matrices for two noded beam
element and 2-noded frame element?
[8+8]
8. Explain the Topology decomposition approach and Node connection approach for
mesh generation
[16]
?????
2 of 2
Set No. 3
[16]
2. Derive stiffness equations for a bar element from the one dimensional second order
equation by variated approach.
[16]
3. Derive the element stiffness matrix and stress in a 2 - noded plane truss element
from the first principles?
[16]
4. Find the deflection at the point of the load of the steel shaft as shown in figure1 :
take E = 200 Gpa.
[16]
Figure 1:
5. Explain the concept of triangular elements and explain the functional relationship
in terms of co-ordinate values and shape functions.
[4+12]
6. Discuss the method to solve 1-D steady state heat transfer problem using variational
principle and compare with the Galerkins method of solution.
[16]
7. Evaluate the eigen values, eigen vectors and natural frequencies of a beam of cross
section 360 cm2 of length 600 mm. Assume youngs modulus as 200 Gpa, density
7850 kg/m3 and moment of Inertia of 3000 mm4 . Make into two elements of 300
mm length each.
[16]
8. Write a short notes on
(a) Convergence requirements
(b) Mesh preparation for tetrahedral element
(c) Shape Function for tetrahedral element.
1 of 2
[6+4+4]
Set No. 3
2 of 2
Set No. 4
Figure 1:
4. A cantilever beam of 1 m length carries a single point load at the end of the beam
of 10 kN. Calculate the deflection at the end of the beam using FEM, if E = 70
Gpa, A=500 mm2 and I = 2500 mm4 .
[16]
5. (a) Show that the value of the shape function N1 of node i and node k of a simplex
triangular element is zero and at node 1 is one.
(b) The (x, y) coordinates of the nodes i, j and k of a triangular element are (1,
1), (4, 2) and (3, 5) respectively. The shape functions of a point P located
inside the element are given by N1 = 0.15 and N2 = 0.25. Determine the x
and y coordinates of the point P.
[6+10]
6. Derive the conductivity matrix and vector for the 2-D element when one of the
faces is exposed to a heat transfer coefficient of h at T and with internal heat
generation of q W/m3 .
[16]
1 of 2
Set No. 4
7. Derive the elemental jumped and constant mass matrices for two noded beam
element and 2-noded frame element?
[8+8]
8. (a) Sketch any three 3-D structural element showing their degrees of freedoms.
(b) Derive the shape function of any one of the 3-D structural element.
?????
2 of 2
[8+8]
Set No. 1
[6+10]
2. (a) What are different types of fans used for producing draught? What is a
balanced draught?
(b) What is a pressurised furnace? What are its characteristic features?
[8+8]
3. (a) What are the different fields where the use of diesel power plant is essential?
(b) How do you classify I.C engines? Describe the working of two storke and four
storke engines.
[6+10]
4. (a) What are the effects on the thermal efficiency and specific output of gas turbine
plant of the following factors.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of gas turbine power plant?[10+6]
5. What are the different types of draft tubes? Sketch different types of draft tubes
and state which one of them gives maximum efficiency.
[16]
6. What methods are used to overcome the fluctuating power generation of a wind
mill? Discuss their merits & demerits.
[16]
7. (a) What are the outstanding features of advanced gas cooled reactors over other
reactors? When these reactors are preferred?
(b) How nuclear wastes are disposed?
[8+8]
8. (a) Explain
i. Plant use factor
ii. Plant capacity factor
iii. load factor.
(b) A central power station has annual factors as follows: Load factor =60%
Capacity factor= 40%
Use factor=50%
Power station has a maximum demand of 15MW. Determine
1 of 2
Set No. 1
2 of 2
[8+8]
Set No. 2
[8+8]
3. (a) Why supercharging is necessary is diesel plant? What are the methods used
for super - charging the diesel engine?
(b) What are the advantages of super charging?
[10+6]
[8+8]
7. (a) What factors are considered in selecting on economical site for nuclear power
plant.
(b) List out the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear plants over conventional
thermal plants.
[8+8]
8. (a) Explain how load curve is constructed.
(b) Explain the different methods adopted to control the nuclear pollution. [8+8]
?????
1 of 1
Set No. 3
[8+8]
[6+10]
1 of 1
[8+8]
Set No. 4
[8+8]
[6+10]
3. (a) Why supercharging is necessary is diesel plant? What are the methods used
for super - charging the diesel engine?
(b) What are the advantages of super charging?
[10+6]
[8+8]
[8+8]
6. Differentiate with neat sketches the difference between single basin and double basin
systems.
[16]
7. (a) Discuss the factors which go in favour of nuclear power plant as compare to
other types of power plants.
(b) Describe pressurized water reactor with diagram.
[8+8]
8. (a) Define the peak load on a power station is 30MW. The loads having maximum
demands of 5MW,10MW, 5MW and 7MW are connected to the power station.
The capacity of the power station is 40MW and annual load factor is 50%.
Find
(a) Average load on the power station
(b) Energy supplied per year
(c) Demand factor
(d) Diversity factor.
[16]
?????
1 of 1
Set No. 1
[8+8]
Set No. 1
8. (a) Define Force? With neat sketches Explain how force can be measured by
means of Hydraulic Force Meter?
(b) List out the advantages and limitations of a Hydraulic Force Meter? [10+6]
?????
2 of 2
Set No. 2
[8+8]
[10+6]
1 of 1
Set No. 3
[8+8]
[8+8]
7. (a) Explain the most common method of temperature compensation used in strain
gauges.
(b) Explain the working of a magnetic flowmeter with a neat diagram.
[8+8]
8. (a) Define Force? With neat sketches Explain how force can be measured by
means of Hydraulic Force Meter?
(b) List out the advantages and limitations of a Hydraulic Force Meter? [10+6]
?????
1 of 1
Set No. 4
Set No. 1
[8+8]
[8+8]
[10+6]
4. Explain how to add new properties for Built- in class with out using sub class of
it.
[16]
5. (a) Explain how to adding components to the document.
(b) Discuss about the duality of movie clip subclasses.
[8+8]
[8+8]
[8+8]
1 of 1
[8+8]
Set No. 2
[5+5+6]
[16]
[4+4+4+4]
[4+4+4+4]
[10+6]
[8+8]
1 of 1
[8+8]
Set No. 3
[16]
[8+8]
3. What are the differences between multiple constructors and overloaded constructors? Give examples for each.
[16]
4. (a) Write disadvantages of nested exceptions.
(b) Write a small notes on exception performance issues.
[10+6]
[6+5+5]
6. (a) What is lossless image compression and explain about JPEG image compression?
(b) Explain a simple wavelet transform with an example?
[8+8]
[8+8]
1 of 1
[8+8]
Set No. 4
[8+8]
[8+8]
[8+8]
1 of 1
[8+8]
Set No. 1
[16]
2. Explain the use of heuristic function in the 8-puzzle problem, and also explain the
effect of heuristic accuracy on performance.
[8+8]
3. (a) Compare steepest ascent hill climbing and best first search.
(b) What is gradient descent search? What is the weakness of it.
[8+8]
[8+8]
5. What is a Wumpus World? Explain with an example acting and reasoning in the
Wumpus world using propositional logic.
[16]
6. (a) Comment on propositional Vs first-order inference
(b) How can resolution be used to show that a sentence is
i. valid
ii. unsatisfiable
For each of the following pairs of atomic sentences, give the most general unifier if it exists
i. P(A,B,B), P(X,Y,Z)
ii. Q(Y, G(A,B)), Q(G(X,X),Y)
[6+6+4]
[16]
8. (a) Explain the major issues that affect the design of the learning element.
(b) Explain various forms of learning
?????
1 of 1
[8+8]
Set No. 2
[16]
5. (a) Show that the following sentences are inconsistent using propositional logic
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
If Jack misses many classes through illness, then he fails high school
If Jack fails high school, then he is uneducated
If Jack reads a lot of books, then he is not uneducated
Jack misses many classes through illness and reads a lot of books
(b) Some agents make inferences as soon as they are told a new sentence, while
other wait until they are asked before they do any inferencing. What difference
does this make at the knowledge level, the logical level, and the implementation
level.
[10+6]
6. (a) Comment on propositional Vs first-order inference
(b) How can resolution be used to show that a sentence is
i. valid
ii. unsatisfiable
For each of the following pairs of atomic sentences, give the most general unifier if it exists
i. P(A,B,B), P(X,Y,Z)
ii. Q(Y, G(A,B)), Q(G(X,X),Y)
7. (a) Explain planning with state space search
1 of 2
[6+6+4]
Set No. 2
[8+8]
8. (a) Explain the major issues that affect the design of the learning element.
(b) Explain various forms of learning
?????
2 of 2
[8+8]
Set No. 3
[16]
2. What is a simulated annealing search? Explain with algorithm and example. [16]
3. Explain each of the following with an example:
(a) Constraint graph
(b) Constraint satisfaction problem
(c) Cryptarithmetic puzzle.
[4+6+6]
4. Why Alpha-Beta cutoffs are added to minimax procedure? Explain clearly with
example and diagram.
[16]
5. (a) What do you mean by monotonicity? Are propositional and first-order logic
monotonic?
(b) Is the sentence Either 2+2=4 and it is raining, or 2+2=4 and it is not raining
making a claim about arithmetic, weather, or neither? Explain.
(c) Look at the following sentences and decide for each if it is valid, unsatisfiable,
or neither using equivalence rules.
i. ((smoke heat) fire) ((smoke
ii. (big V dumb) V (big dumb).
[6+6+4]
[6+6+4]
7. Define the operator schemata for the problem of putting on shoes and socks and
a hat and coat; assuming that there are no pre-conditions for putting on the hat
and coat. Give a partial-order plan that is a solution, and show that there are 180
different linearizations of this solution.
[16]
1 of 2
Set No. 3
2 of 2
[16]
Set No. 4
[8+8]
[8+4+4]
[16]
8. (a) Explain the major issues that affect the design of the learning element.
(b) Explain various forms of learning
?????
1 of 1
[8+8]
Set No. 1
[6+6+4]
2. Predict the thermal conductivity of the following gas mixture at 1atm and 293K
from the given data on the pure components at the same pressure and temperature.
[16]
Species
CO2
O2
N2
1
2
3
Mole fraction x
0.133
0.039
0.828
M
107 (g/cm.s) K 107 (cal/cm.s.k)
44.01
1462
383
32.0
2031
612
28.016
1754
627
Set No. 1
6. Obtain expression for effectiveness factor for the case of diffusion and chemical
reaction inside a porous catalyst.
[16]
7. (a) From laminar flow relations develop the equation of motion applicable for
turbulent flow of fluid having constant physical properties.
(b) A fluid with viscosity 16 cp and density 1.55 g/cc is flowing in a horizontal
tube of radius 1.25 cm. For what pressure gradient flow becomes turbulent.
[6+10]
8. The equation of continuity for component A in a binary mixture is available in
mass units as tA + .nA = rA
Convert the above equation to a form which is useful to determine the concentration
profiles.
[16]
?????
2 of 2
Set No. 2
[8+8]
2. (a) Calculate the heat loss per m2 of surface area for an insulating wall of a food
cold storage room where the inside temperature is 276.5K and the outside
temperature is 299.9K. the wall is composed of 25.4 mm of corkboard having
a k of 0.0433 w/m.K.
(b) Compare the orders of magnitudes of prandtl numbers for gases and liquids?
[8+8]
3. Calculate the steady state mass flux of helium for the system at 500K. The partial
pressure of the helium is 1 atm at y=0 and zero at the upper surface of the plate.
The thickness of the pyrex plate is 102 mm and its density is 2.6 gm/cc. The
solubility and diffusivity of helium in pyrex are reported as 0.0084 volumes of
gaseous helium per volume of glass, and DAB = 0.2 107 cm2 /sec, respectively.
[16]
4. Consider a Newtonian liquid of variable viscosity = 0 ex/ (and density ) in
laminar flow down an inclined flat plate of length L and width W. The liquid flows
as a falling film with negligible rippling under the influence of gravity. End effects
may be neglected because L and W are large compared to the film thickness .
(a) Determine the steady-state velocity distribution.
(b) Obtain the mass rate of flow and average velocity in the falling film.
(c) What is the force exerted by the liquid on the plate in the flow direction [16]
5. A fluid with density and viscosity is placed between two vertical walls at
a distance 2B apart. The heated wall is at T2 and cooled wall is at T1 . Obtain
velocity distribution in dimensionless form. Take necessary assumptions.
[16]
6. In a hot combustion chamber oxygen diffuses through air to the carbon surface
where it reacts to form carbon monoxide. The thickness of gas film is 0.1 mm over
the carbon surface and mole fraction of O2 at the beginning of the is 0.21 and the
reaction is instantaneous. Determine the rate of O2 diffusion per hour through one
square meter area. Diffusivity is 0.18 cm2 /s at 1 atm. The temperature of the
system is 800 0 C.
[16]
1 of 2
Set No. 2
7. 19. Derive the time smoothed form of equation of continuity and equation of
momentum for turbulent flow. Equation of continuity for instantaneous conditions
is
vx
x
vy
y
vz
z
=0
[16]
2 of 2
Set No. 3
[8+8]
12
b
b
Find the average velocity in the upward moving air stream.
[16]
6. Using shell mass balance technique, derive an equation for mass transfer when a
liquid is evaporating in to stagnant gas film at steady state.
[16]
7. An isothermal Newtonian fluid is in steady laminar flow through an annulus formed
by two vertical coaxial circular cylinders of radii R1 and R2 . The flow is in the
direction of gravity and is also aided by pressure gradient. Neglecting end effects
arrive at the relation for velocity distribution solving the equation of motion. [16]
1 of 2
Set No. 3
8. Develop the equation of continuity for a chemically reacting binary mixture flowing
through a rectangular volume element xyz fixed in space in terms of mass
and molar units.
[16]
?????
2 of 2
Set No. 4
[8+8]
2. (a) Define and give the dimensions of Thermal conductivity k, Thermal diffusivity
, Heat capacity CP, Heat flux q, and combined energy flux e.
(b) A plastic panel of area 1 ft2 and thickness o.252 in. was found to conduct heat
at a rate of 3.0 W at steady state with temperature 24o C and 26o C imposed
on the two main surfaces. What is the thermal conductivity of the plastic in
cal/cm.s.k at 25o C?
[8+8]
3. (a) Discuss the dependence of mass diffusivity on temperature and pressure.
(b) Show that for a binary mixture jA +jB =(v v )..
(c) Show that for a binary mixture jA + jB = 0.
[8+8]
4. A common channel for fluid is annulus, the space between the two concentric circular pipes. The inside of the annulus has a radius r1 and the out side r2 .
(a) Derive an expression for the velocity of flow V at any radius r in the annulus.
(b) Derive an expression for the radius at which the maximum velocity occurs, in
[16]
terms of r1 and r2 .
5. Derive the equation for overall heat transfer coefficient for composite slab consists
of three layers of insulation. The fluid temperature on one side of the composite
[16]
slab is Ta and other side of the composite slab is Tb .
6. An open circular tank 5m in diameter contains benzene at 25 0 C, which is exposed
to the atmosphere such that the liquid is covered with a stagnant air film of 4m
thick. The vapor pressure of benzene at 25 0 C = 100 mm Hg. Determine the loss
of benzene from this tank per day. Density of benzene is 0.88g/cc and diffusivity
[16]
in air is 0.074 cm2 /s.
7. (a) Explain the significance of Reynolds stresses in turbulent flow.
1 of 2
Set No. 4
(b) Water flows in a pipe of dia 5 cm. At some distance from the wall, hot wire
anemometer measures the instantaneous velocities 27, 28, 25, 20, 23, 28, 33,
31, 27 and 22 in cm/s at equal successive time intervals. Calculate the intensity
of turbulence and mean velocity.
[4+12]
8. An incompressible Newtonian fluid is in steady laminar flow through a vertical
circular tube of radius R. The flow is in the direction of gravity (z direction). For
z<0, the fluid is at uniform temperature T0 . For z>0, there is a constant wall heat
flux q1 . The physical properties of the fluid may be assumed constant. The
steady
r 2
state fully established velocity distribution is given as vz = vz max (1 R ). Using
equation of energy develop the partial differential equation for the temperature of
liquid as function of r and z. Indicate boundary conditions. Use thermal energy
equation.
[16]
?????
2 of 2
Set No. 1
[8+8]
4. Name the gas which has the Para magnetism of 100 and explain the analysis of it
in detail.
[16]
5. (a) Explain about the advantages and disadvantages associated with single and
double beam spectrometer.
(b) Give a schematic and explain the multi channel spectrophotometer.
[8+8]
6. Explain in detail about the atomic emission and absorption spectroscopy and where
they are using?
[16]
7. Give the schematic diagram of the time -of-flight mass spectrometer and explain
the construction and working principle.
[16]
8. Write short notes on
(a) Gas amplification range
(b) Proportional counter range.
[16]
?????
1 of 1
Set No. 2
[16]
[16]
[10+6]
7. Discuss briefly about the radio frequency transmitter used in NMR with suitable
diagram.
[16]
8. (a) Explain in detail the interaction of radiation with matter.
(b) Discuss the types and properties of particles emitted in radioactive decay.
[8+8]
?????
1 of 1
Set No. 3
Absorption
Emission
Transmission
Refraction.
(b) What are the different physical properties used in the analytical instruments?
Define them and give example instrument of each.
[2+2+2+2+8]
2. (a) With a neat sketch explain the analysis of Nitric Oxide using CO Laser.
(b) Discuss Laser-Opto Acoustic Detector for the detection of nitric oxides. [8+8]
3. Give in detail the classifications of Chromatography. Briefly explain Liquid Chromatography.
[16]
4. (a) Name one Electrochemical method of Oxygen analysis in which current is
given by Faradays Law and explain the same.
(b) Describe Paramagnetic property of Oxygen using a sphere in non uniform.
[8+8]
5. (a) Compare the holographic grating and echellette grating.
(b) Give the advantages and disadvantages of monchromator.
[8+8]
6. Explain in detail with schematic, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. [16]
7. (a) Explain in detail how an inductively coupled plasma can be used as an ion
source.
(b) Describe the glow discharge ion source in detail.
[8+8]
[16]
?????
1 of 1
Set No. 4
[8+8]
[16]
[10+6]
7. Explain in detail the construction and working principle of single focusing mass
spectrometer.
[16]
8. Explain the characteristics of ionization type of detectors with neat sketches and
graphs.
[16]
?????
1 of 1
Set No. 1
[8+8]
[8+8]
4. (a) Explain how the speed of convergence in the Robbin Monro algorithm is increased.
(b) Explain how Robbin Monro algorithm can be directly extended to multidimensional case.
[8+8]
5. (a) Prove the following properties of one-dimensional Fourier transform
i. Shift invariance
ii. Convolution
[4+4]
[8]
[4]
(b) What is the use of smoothing the image? What are the different methods to
smoothen the image?
[5+7]
7. (a) Explain the two different types of image compression techniques and their
applications.
(b) In digital image compression how the different types of redundancies are applicable. Explain what are the different types of redundancies present in digital
image.
[8+8]
8. (a) What is meant by image segmentation? Mention the applications of image
segmentation.
[4+4]
(b) Explain about detection of discontinuities.
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[8]
Set No. 2
[8+8]
[4+4]
(b) Show that a high pass filtered image can be obtained in the frequency domain
as High pass = original - low pass (assume 3x3 filters)
[8]
7. (a) What do you mean by fidelity criteria? Explain how do you assess it.
(b) Write notes on any two image encoding methods.
[3+3]
[10]
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Set No. 3
[8+8]
4. Discuss Robbins-monro algorithm for pattern classification and extend the algorithm to multi - dimensional case.
[16]
5. (a) With the help of a block diagram explain the different stages of image processing and analysis schemes along with the information flow from each block.
(b) Differentiate the spatial image enhancement and image enhancement in frequency domain?
[8+8]
6. (a) Explain the meaning of histogram equalization. Give an example where the
histogram equalization technique compresses the discrete gray level range of
an image.
(b) Show that crispened image can be obtained by convolving it with the mask
0 -1 0
-1 5 -1
[8+8]
0 -1 0
7. (a) Draw the general compression system model and identify the role of each
module in it.
(b) Compare loss-less compression and lossy compression.
[8+8]
8. (a) What is meant by high pass filter? Explain the role of it in image segmentation?
(b) How do you choose the masks for isolating the image pixels which are part of
the boundary?
[8+8]
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Set No. 4
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4. (a) Can you construct context free grammar for even palinrome? If so, write the
grammar? If not give the reasons.
(b) Can you construct a regular grammar for odd palinrome? If so write the
grammar? If not give the reasons.
[8+8]
5. (a) Explain briefly different types image acquisition systems
(b) Give transformation matrices for the following
i. Translation
ii. Scaling
iii. Rotation along z-coordinate.
[8+8]