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characteristics occurred. Rather it addresses the "what" question (what are the
characteristics of the population or situation being studied?)
Q3. Discuss four types of measurements scales with appropriate examples.
Nominal 2.5
Ordinal 2.5
Interval 2.5
Ratio 2.5
Answer. Nominal
You might have noticed a difference in our two variables. While scores on a math test
are reported as numbers, eating breakfast isn't numeric. A person eats a healthy
breakfast, an unhealthy breakfast or no breakfast at all. These are not numbers but
categories.
A nominal scale of measurement deals with variables that are non-numeric or where
the numbers have no value. In other words, we can put them in any order and it
wouldn't matter. Think about the numbers on the jerseys of football players. Is the
player wearing number 1 a better player than the player wearing number 82? Maybe,
but that doesn't have anything to do with the numbers they wear.
Q4. Differentiate between the Stratified random sampling and Systematic
sampling.
Answer. Stratified random sampling is a sampling method in which the population
is first divided into strata (A stratum is a homogeneous subset of the population).
Then a simple random sample is taken from each stratum. The results from each
strata combined constitute the sample. Stratified sampling enables use of different
statistical methods for each stratum, which helps in improving the efficiency and
accuracy of the estimation.
Q6. Explain the Structure of the Research Report. What are the guidelines
for effective report writing?
Answer. Structure of the Research Report: The major difference amongst the
types of reports is that all the elements that make a research report would be present
only in a detailed technical report.
Usage of theoretical and technical jargon would be higher in the technical report and
visual presentation of data would be higher in the management report. In the
management report, the sequencing of the report might be reversed to suit the needs
of the decision-maker, as here the reader needs to review and absorb the findings.
Spring-2016
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