Section A

[60 marks]
Answer all questions in this section.

Diagram 2 shows the apparatus set-up to investigate the electrolysis of 2.0 mol dm -3
potassium chloride solution. Greenish yellow gas bubbles is collected at electrode X.

Greenish yellow gas

Gas berwarna kuning
kehijauan

Diagram 2
(a) What is meant by electrolysis?
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Write the formulae for all ions that are present in potassium chloride solution.
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) (i) Name the gas collected at electrode X.
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Why is the gas produced at electrode X. Explain your answer in terms of
selective discharge of ions.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(d) (i) Another gas produced at electrode Y. Write the half equation for the
1

reaction at the electrode Y.

.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) State the observation at the electrode Y.
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Describe a test to confirm the gas produced at electrode Y.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(e)

The experiment is repeated with 0.0001 mol dm-3 potassium chloride solution.
At which electrode, the product formed will be different?
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

2.

Diagram 2.1 shows an aeroplane and a polystyrene cup.

Diagram 2.1
(a)

(i) The body of aeroplane isCarbon

made from
duralumin.Y Aluminium is one of the
electrode
elements in duralumin. State
two
other
elements
Karbon elektrod
Y in duralumin.
.........................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(ii) Explain in terms of arrangement of atoms, why duralumin is stronger and

2

harder than pure aluminium.

.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................

(b)

.........................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
The polystyrene cup is made from a synthetic polymer, polyphenylethene.
(i) State the name of the monomer for polyphenylethene.
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Diagram 2.2 shows the structural formula for the polyphenylethene.

C6H5

C6H5

C6H5

C6H5

C6H5

C6H5

Diagram 2.2
Draw the structural formula for the monomer of polyphenylethene.

[1 mark]
(iii) It is advisable that we should not add hot food or hot drinks to polystyrene.
Explain why.
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iv) State one reason why polystyrene cup should not be disposed by open
burning?
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
3.

Ethanoic acid is a weak acid. Diagram 3 shows a label of a reagent bottle which
3

containing ethanoic acid.

Substance

Concentration :
Formula

Organic acid Q
0.1 mol dm-3
CH3COOH
Carbon electrode X
Diagram
3
Elektrod
karbon X

(a) What is the meaning of acid?

........
[1 mark]
(b) Explain why acid Q is a weak acid.
..........
[1 mark]
(c) When a piece of magnesium strip is put into acid Q, effervescence occurs.
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(d)

25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution is put in a conical flask.
Then a few drops of phenolphthalein are added. This solution is titrated with
0.1 mol dm-3 solution Q.
(i) State the type of reaction between sodium hydroxide solution and solution
Q.
..............
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the colour change of the mixture at the end point?
..........................................................................................................................
.
[1 mark]
(iii) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction occurs in (d).
..............
[1 mark]
(iv) Calculate the volume of acid Q used.

[3 marks]
4

Potassiu

Larutan k

4.

Diagram 4 shows the flow chart of a series of reactions of copper(II) carbonate

salt.
Copper(II) carbonate
+ H2SO4

reaction W

Salt L

gas M +

water

+ NaOH

Blue precipitate insoluble in excess NaOH

Diagram 4
(a)

Copper(II) carbonate react with sulphuric acid to produced salt L, gas M and
water. Gas M turns lime water chalky.
Based on Diagram 4, identify salt L and gas M.
Salt L

......................................................................................................

Gas M :

......................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(b) When salt L solution is added with sodium hydroxide solution, a blue
precipitate insoluble in excess sodium hydroxide solution formed. Name the
blue precipitate.

(c)

................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
Salt L can be converted back to copper(II) carbonate through reaction W.
(i) Suggest a suitable chemical substance that can be used in reaction W
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) State the name of reaction W.
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Based on the answer in (c) (i), write a balanced chemical equation for the
reaction W.

(d)

.........................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
Salt L is soluble in water. Briefly describe a method to obtain the crystal of salt
5

L from its solution.

................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................

(e)

................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
State the colour of copper(II) carbonate crystal formed.
................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

5.

Diagram 5 shows two experiments to investigate one factor that influences the
rate of a reaction.

Diagram 5

(a)

The reaction in the experiment is represented by the following equation:

6

CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq)

(i)

(ii)

(c)

CaCl2 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

Among the products stated in the equation, which is the most suitable to be
chosen to determine the rate of reaction?
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
State one reason for choosing the product in 6(b)(i).
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
The results for both experiments are represented by Graph 6.

Based on Graph 6:
(i) Compare the rate of reaction between experiment I and experiment II.
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) What has happened to the reactants at time x?
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Why are both curves at the same level after time x?
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iv) Explain your answer in (c) (i) by using the collision theory.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................

(d)

.........................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
State another factor that can affect the rate of reaction for the experiments.
7

(e)

................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
Another experiment is carried out using excess calcium carbonate powder and
dilute hydrochloric acid with different concentrations. Sketch the curve of
concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid against time taken to collect a fixed
quantity of the product.

[1 mark]
6.

Diagram 6 shows a reaction scheme for an organic compound.

But-1-ene
Process P

Butan-1-ol
Process Q
+ Acidified potassium manganate(VII)

Butanoic acid

Diagram 6

+ ethanoic acid

Compound B

(a) (i) Name process P.

.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Draw a labeled diagram for the set-up of apparatus to carry out process P.
8

[2 marks]
(iii) Draw the structural formula of but-1-ene that formed in process P.

[1 mark]
(b) (i)

State one observation during process Q.

........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in Process Q.

.........................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(c) In another reaction, a mixture of butan-1-ol, ethanoic acid and concentrated
sulphuric acid are heated gently to produce compound B.
(i) Name compound B
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Draw the structural formula of compound B.

[1 mark]
(iii) State one physical property of compound B.
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
Section B
[20 marks]
9

Answer all the question from this section.

7.

Diagram 7.1 shows the flow map for industrial manufactured of sulphuric acid.

Diagram 7.1
(a)

Name the process of manufacturing sulphuric acid in industry.

Write a balanced chemical equation for step X and step Y.
[5 marks]

(b)

Diagram 7.2 shows the steps to produce fertilizers X from the reaction between
sulphuric acid and the product of Haber Process.

(i)

Write the chemical formula of fertilizers X.

[1 mark]

(ii)

(c)

A farmer found that the crops in his farm is infertile. His friend suggested
two fertilizers to improve the fertility of the soil, urea, CO(NH2)2 and
fertilizers X.
Choose the best fertilizer for the growth of the plants. Explain your
answer.
[Relative atomic mass: C=12, O=16, N=14, S=32, H=1]
[4 marks]

Table 7.1 shows five different manufactured substances in industry, P, Q, R, S

and T and their uses.
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Manufactured substances in
industry

Uses

To make boats and badminton racket

To make medals and statues

To make the body of aeroplanes

To make artificial teeth and bones

To make cooking ware and boiling tube

Table 7.1

Based on Table 7.1, state the names of P, Q, R, S and T.

Give the specific properties of each substances to support your answer.
[10 marks]

Section C
[20 marks]
11

Answer any one question from this section in this section.

8. (a) A student has carried out an experiment to construct an ionic equation for the
formation of lead (II) iodide. Seven test tubes of the same size were
labelled 1 to 7. A fixed volume of 5.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 potassium
iodide solution was poured in each test tube. The volume of 1.0 mol dm -3
lead(II) nitrate solution that added is shown in Table 8. The height of
precipitate formed in each test tube was measured. The results are shown
in Table 8.
Test tube

Volume of 1.0 moldm-3

lead(II) nitrate solution / cm3

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

Height of precipitate /cm

1.1

2.2

3.4

4.4

5.5

5.5

5.5

Table 8
(i) Based on Table 8, plot a graph of the height of precipitate against volume of
lead (II) nitrate solution at page 15.
[3 marks]
(ii) Determine the number of moles of lead (II) ions and iodide ions that are
required for the formation of lead (II) iodide. Your answer should consist of
the following:
The volume of lead (II) nitrate solution that had reacted completely with
5.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 potassium iodide
Calclate the number of moles of lead(II) ions and iodide ions
Calculate the number of moles of iodide ions that has reacted with 1 mol
of lead(II) ions.
Write the ionic equation for the formation of lead(II) iodide.
[7 marks]

(c)

Diagram 10.3 shows three reagent bottles which contain nitric acid, sodium
12

hydroxide solution and sodium nitrate solution.

HNO3

NaOH

NaNO3

Diagram 10.3

The label in each reagent bottle which contains the three colourless aqueous
solution respectively has detached.
Describe how you carry out chemical test to verify each aqueous solution
without using any indicator. Your description must include observations and
conclusion.
[10 marks]

9. (a) The table below shows the results of a test to differentiate between propane
and propene.
13

Procedure
Observation
Bromine water is added to Brown colour is decolourised
propene
Bromine water is added to Brown colour does not change
propane
Based on the table above, explain why there is a difference in these
observations.
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction occured.
[5 marks]
(b) Diagram 9 shows structural formulae of four organic compounds.
All four organic compounds A, B, C and D are colourless liquids at room
temperature.

Compound A

Compound B

Compound C

Compound D
Diagram 9

(i) Name the homologous series of compounds A, B, C and D.

[4 marks]
(ii) Another compound, E is in the same homologous series as compound C.
Write the molecular formula for compound E which has five carbon atoms.
[1 mark]
(iii) Describe briefly a chemical test to differentiate between
Compound A and compound B
Compound C and compound D
In your answer, include a balanced chemical equation for the reaction involved in
your chemical tests.
[10 marks]
Graph of the height of precipitate against volume of lead(II) nitrate solution
14

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