GREENHOUSE

APPENDIX F

APPENDIX F
PROPOSED GREENHOUSE DESIGN AND SPECIFICATIONS
F.1 Introduction
Most crops, vegetables and plants are cultivated in an open field. However, in some
temperate regions where the climatic conditions are extremely adverse and unpredictable,
many has developed methods of growing some high value crop continuously by providing
protection from the excessive environmental conditions, which is called as Greenhouse
farming.
Greenhouse farming is the technique of providing favorable environmental
condition to the plants. It is rather used to protect the plants from the adverse climatic
conditions such as wind, cold, precipitation, excessive radiation, extreme temperature,
insects and diseases. It is also of vital importance to create an ideal micro climate around
the plants. This is possible by erecting a greenhouse, where the environmental conditions
are so modified that one can grow any plant in any place at any time by providing suitable
environmental conditions with minimum labor. Greenhouse are framed or inflated
structure covered with transparent material large enough to grow crops under partial or
fully controlled environmental conditions to get optimum growth and productivity.
Greenhouses in the Philippines make it possible to grow crops in spite of excessive
rains and hot climate.

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F.2 Advantages of Greenhouses

The benefits of constructing greenhouses are:
i. The yield may be 10 12 times higher than that of outdoor cultivation but
depending upon the type of greenhouse, type of crop and environmental control
facilities.
ii. Reliability of crop increases under greenhouse cultivation.
iii. Ideally suited for vegetables and flower crops.
iv. Year round production of crops.
v. Off season production of vegetable and fruit crops.
vi. Disease free and genetically superior transplants can be produced
continuously.
vii. Efficient utilization of resources.
viii. Water requirement of crops is very limited and easy to control.
ix. Most useful in monitoring and controlling the instability of various ecological
system.
x. Modern technique of Hydroponic (soil less culture), Aeroponics and Nutrient
film techniques are possible only under greenhouse cultivation.
F.3 Classification of Greenhouses
Greenhouse structure of various types are used for crop production. Although there are
advantages in each type for a particular application, in general there are no single type of
greenhouse which can be constituted as the best. Different types of greenhouses are

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designed to meet specific needs and are based on shape, utility, and material of
construction.
i. Greenhouse type based on shape
The uniqueness of cross section of the greenhouse can be considered as a
factor. There are several shape of greenhouses and it is suggested in this proposal
that Quonset greenhouse will be constructed.
ii. Greenhouse type based on utility
Additional functions are included in some greenhouses such as artificial
cooling and heating. These additional utilities are more expensive and elaborate.
The use of these services highly depends on the grown crop.
iii. Greenhouse type base on construction
The type of construction predominantly is influenced by structural material,
though the covering material also influence the type. Higher the span, stronger
should be the material and more structural members are used to make sturdy posts.
The proposed greenhouse construction is a pipe framed structure.
iv. Greenhouse type based on covering material
Covering materials are the most important component of the greenhouse
structure. They have direct influence on the productivity and performance of the
greenhouse. These materials are used to regulate the temperature, humidity, and
other important parameter inside the greenhouse. The types of frames and method
of fixing also varies with covering material. Hence, the proposed type of covering

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material to be used is a mixed of plastic film (UV stabilized LDPE film) and net
house.
F.4 Constructions Estimates
Table F.1 Detailed estimate of material requirement for construction of medium cost
(single span) greenhouse (300m2)
Item of work/ Detail of material

Requirement (Qty.)

Structural Material
G.I. Pipe of 56 mm. for foundation

30.0 m

G.I. Pipe of 50 mm. for foundation posts

90.0 m

G.I. Pipe of 38 mm. for purlins and arches

205.00 m

M.S. L angle 25x25x3m for top and bottom frame and door

150.00 m

Plastic beading 25 mm width

200.00 m

Plastic pipes 25mm and 19mm as grippers

70.00 m each

Base plate for foundation post 50x50x6mm

25.0 nos.

Welding rods

3 boxes

Hardware like bolts and nuts, aluminum oxide, painting etc.

L.S

Cladding Material
UV stabilized film (200 Micron)

150.00 kg

Cooling system (fan 7 pad)

Fans (air flow fans)

3.00 nos.

Pad (9.0m x 1.5m)

1.0 nos.
Construction Material

Earth work excavation for foundation

1.25 m3

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GREENHOUSE

Plain cement concrete for foundation (1:2:4)

Hollow cement bricks for parapet wall

1.25 m3
1000.00 nos.

L.S. Lump sum

Table F.2 Cost estimates of medium cost greenhouse (100m2)
Specification

Cost (Php.)

Cost of greenhouse (100m2)

12,375.00

Electrical fittings (Power point distribution, boxes, MCB, etc.)

2,100.00

Mist spray assembly

1,500.00

Inflation blower

1,000.00

Two fans (60 cm )

7,000.00

Monoblock AC pump (3hp)

2,500.00

Water tank (1000 L)

3,000.00

Thermostat/ Humidstat

1,500.00

Cooling pad and fittings

2,000.00

Labor (extra)

1,000.00

Additional film for double layer

2,500.00

Additional items

700.00
Total Expense

37,175.00

The cost of greenhouse of medium type per square meter is Php. 371.75.

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(a)

(b)
Figure G.1 Greenhouse design (a) Quonset greenhouse measurement (25x4 m) (b) Net
and plastic film covering
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Appendix G.2 Greenhouse interior view

REFERENCES (GREENHOUSE)
Food and Agriculture Organizations (2013). Good Agricultural Practices for greenhouse
vegetable crops: Principles for Mediterranean climate areas. FAO Plant Production and
Protection Paper. Rome
Hochmucth, G. & Hochmucth, R. (2015). Design Suggestions and Greenhouse
Management for Vegetable Production in Perlite and Rockwool Media. IFAS Extension
University of Florida. Florida
Kacira, Murat (2012). Greenhouse Structures and Design. UA-CEAC Greenhouse Crop
Production & Engineering Design Short Course. Arizona, USA
Cravo Equipment Ltd. (2005). Guidelines for Site Selection, Greenhouse Layout and
Design When Building a Retractable Roof Greenhouse. Canada
Osso, A., Walsh, T., Gottfried, D., & Simon, L. (1996). Sustainable Building Technical
Manual: Green Building Design, Construction, and Operations. Public Technology Inc.
USA
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