Aanalytical Solutions for Magneto-electroelastic Beams under Uniform or Linear

Electric and Magnetic Potential

Jiang

Ai-min,

Wu Yi-li

West Branch of Zhejiang University of Technology

Quzhou,324000, P. R.China
E-mail: jam@qzc.cn
Abstract-For the orthotropic magneto-electro-elastic

derived three-dimensional Greens functions in

plane problem, a series of magneto-electro-elastic

anisotropic magneto-electro-elastic full space,

beams is solved and the corresponding exact or

half space, and bi-materials based on the

analytical solutions are obtained with the trialand-error method on the basis of the general solution
in the case of four distinct eigenvalues, in which all
physical

quantities

are

expressed

by

four

extended Stroh formalism by applying the

two-dimensional Fourier transforms. Wang and
Shen[3] obtained the general solution expressed

harmonic

by five harmonic functions and applied the

magneto-electro-elastic

derived general solution to find the fundamental

rectangular beam with rigid body displacements,

solution for a generalized dislocation and also to

identical electric and magnetic potential, beams of

derive Greens functions for a semi-infinite

free ends under uniform electric potential and

magneto-electro-elastic

magnetic potential, and cantilever beam under linear

analyzed the elliptical Hertizan contact of

displacement functions in terms of

polynomials.

These

are

electric potential and magnetic potential. The exact

and analytical solutions obtained in this paper are
also useful for study of other problems relating to
more complicated loads and boundary conditions by
Key words-analytical solution; magneto
-electro-elastic beam; harmonic function

Hou,et

al.[4]

transversely isotropic magneto-electro-elastic

bodies with the general solutions in terms of
harmonic functions. Chen,et al[5] obtained
analytical

the superposition principle.

solid.

solutions

magneto-electro-elastic

of

simply

circular

supported

plate under

uniform loads with a general solution in forms of

harmonic functions. Ding and Jiang[6] obtained

INTRODUCTION
Magneto-electro-elastic materials possess
simultaneously magneto-electro-elastic, piezomagnetic and magnetoelectric effects. Liu,et
al.[1] obtained Greens functions for an infinite
two-dimensional

anistropic

magneto-electro-

elastic medium containing an elliptical cavity

based on the extended Stroh Formalism. Pan[2]

the fundamental solution of infinite magnetoelectro-elastic solid with the method of trial-anderror on the basis of the general solution in the
case of distinct eigenvalues , which is expressed
in five harmonic functions and the same as in
Wang and Shen[3], and derived the boundary
integral formulation. Jiang and Ding[7] derived
the general solution in terms of four harmonic

978-1-4244-2108-4/08/$25.00 2008 IEEE

displacement

functions

for

magneto-

components of stress, displacement, electric

electro-elastic plane problem and solved a series

displacement

of problems by the trial-and-error method.

respectively;

In this paper, we continue to obtain the

analytical solutions for the magneto-electro-elastic

and

magnetic

induction,

and are the electric

potential and magnetic potential, respectively.

The functions

in (1) satisfy the

plane problems on the basis of Jiang and Ding[7].

With the trial-and-error method, the exact solution
for beam of free ends under uniform electrical
potential and magnetic potential are derived.
Furthermore, we also give out the analytical
solutions in harmonic polynomials to cantilever

following equations :

2
2

+
= 0 , ( j = 1 ~ 4)
x 2 z 2 j
j

(3)

where z j = s j z , s j are the four roots of the

beam under linear electric potential and magnetic

following equations (We take Re ( s j )0) :

potential on the upper and bottom surfaces. All

a1 s 8 a 2 s 6 + a 3 s 4 a 4 s 2 + a 5 = 0 (4)

these solutions can serve as benchmarks for

numerical methods such as the finite element

where the coefficients k mj , mj ( m = 1 ~ 3)

method, the boundary element method, etc.

in (1) and

an (n = 1 ~ 5) in (4) are the same as

those listed in Hou, et al.[4].

. GENERAL SOLUTION TO THE PLANE

PROBLEM OF

.EXACT SOLUTIONS FOR TWO

MAGNETO-ELECTRO-ELASTIC SOLID

SIMPLE PROBLEMS

For the magneto-electro-elastic plane-strain

problems, the general solution in the case of
distinct eigenvalues has been derived and
expressed in four harmonic functions in Jiang
and Ding[7] as follows:

2 j

j =1

z j 2

x = 4 j

2 j
xz j

m = s j mj
j =1

In the paper of Jiang and Ding[7], we have

obtained the exact solution as follows :

= 0 , = 0

2 j

j =1

z j 2

m = mj

Potential and Magnetic Potential

u = u 0 + 0 z , w = w0 0 x ,

j
j
4
, wm = s j k mj
,
u=
z j
j =1 x
j =1
4

A. Rigid Body Displacements Identical Electric

x = z = xz = 0 , Dx = Dz = 0 ,
,

Bx = Bz = 0
where

, ( m = 1, 2,3)

(5)

(1)

where the generalized displacements and stresses

(6)

u 0 , w0 , 0 , 0 and 0 are constants

denoting rigid body displacements, rigid body

rotation, identical electric potential and magnetic
potential .

are defined as follows:

w1 = w

w2 = , w3 = ,

1 = z

2 = Dz

3 = Bz

1 = xz

2 = Dx

3 = Bx

% Beam of Two Free Ends under Uniform

Electrical Potential and Magnetic Potential 
we constitute the displacement function as

z ( xz ), u ( w), D x ( D z ) and B x ( Bz ) are

j = A2 j ( x 2 z 2j ) , ( j = 1 ~ 4) 7

(2)
the

where

A2 j are unknown constants to be

978-1-4244-2108-4/08/$25.00 2008 IEEE

electrical

determined.

j =1

j =1

u = 2 x A2 j , wm = 2 s j k mj A2 j z j
4

appoint arbitrary uniform magnetic potentials as

, ( m = 1 ~ 3)

(8)

FORCE, POINT CHARGE AND POINT

The boundary conditions are

CURRENT AT FREE END

z = h / 2 z = 0 xz = 0

= 0 / 2 , = 0 / 2

(9a)

x = L / 2 x = 0 xz = 0

Bx = 0

0 are arbitrary constants. The

. CANTILEVER BEAM WITH CROSS

j =1

Dx = 0

and

free ends under uniform electrical potential. 

j =1

surfaces

solution (11) is the exact one for beam of two

m = 0 , x = 2 4 j A2 j ,

m = 2 mj A2 j

the two

( z = h / 2 ). For the same reason, one can also

Substituting (7) into (1), we will have

4

potentials on

z = h / 2 z = 0 xz = 0
D z = 0 B z = 0 (12a)

9b

Substituting the expressions of

x , z ,

and into (9) leads to :

4
4

A
0
,
2
h
s 2j k 2 j A2 j = 0 ,
=

1 j 2 j
j =1
j =1
4
4
A = 0 , 2h s 2 k A = ,

0
j 3j 2j
4j 2j

j =1
j =1
10
The four unknown constants A2 j can be
calculated from (10). Superposing the solution
above on the exact solution (5, 6) for a
rectangular beam with identical electrical
potential, and taking u 0 = w0 = 0 and

0 = 0 , we will have the following solution

4

u = 2 x A2 j , w = 2 z s 2j k1 j A2 j ,
j =1

The boundary conditions of a cantilever

beam with cross force P in z direction, point
charge Q and point current J at free end, are

j =1

x = 0 x = 0

+h / 2

h / 2

+h / 2

h / 2

D x dz = Q2

+h / 2

h / 2

xz dz = Q1

D x dz = Q3

(12b)

x = L , z = 0u = 0 w = 0
w / x = 0

(12c)

where Q1 = P, Q2 = Q and Q3 = J .
In the paper of Jiang and Ding[7], the
corresponding analytical solution has been
obtained to constitute the displacement function
and superposing the solution for magnetoelectro-elastic

beam

with

rigid

body

displacements, identical electric potential and

magnetic potential.

= 0 2 z s k A2 j ,
2
j 2j

j =1

. CANTILEVER BEAM UNDER

= 0 2 z s 2j k 3 j A2 j ,
j =1

x = z = xz = 0 , D z = 2 2 j A2 j ,

LINEARELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC

POTENTIAL ON THE SURFACES
we constitute the displacement function:

j =1

Dx = 0 , Bx = 0 , Bz = 2 3 j A2 j , (11)
j =1

Because

and 0 are two arbitrary

constants, one can appoint arbitrary uniform

j = B2 j xz j + A3 j ( x 3 3xz 2j )
( j = 1 ~ 4)

13

where B2 j and A3 j are unknown constants to

be determined.

978-1-4244-2108-4/08/$25.00 2008 IEEE

Substituting (13) into (1), we have

solution for a cantilever magneto-electro-elastic

u = [ z j B2 j + (3 x 2 3z 2j ) A3 j ]
j =1

beam under loads at free end discussed in

Section, and let

wm = s j k mj ( xB2 j 6 xz j A3 j ) ,

Qm =

j =1

h / 2

j =1

j =1

x = 6 x 4 j A3 j , m = 6 x mj A3 j
4

m = s j mj ( B2 j 6 z j A3 j )

displacement determined as follows

4

u = u 0 = 3L2 A3 j

The boundary conditions are:

h
z = + h / 2 z = 0 ( x ,+ ) = 1 x
2
xz = 0 ( x,+ h / 2) = 2 x (15a)
h
z = h / 2 z = 0 ( x , ) = 1 x ,
2
xz = 0 ( x,h / 2) = 2 x (15b)

h / 2
+h / 2

h / 2

x dz = 0

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The work was supported by Zhejiang Natural
Science Foundation (No.Y605040, Y608118).

x zdz = 0

m dz = 0, (m = 1 ~ 3)

(15c)

REFERENCES
[1] J. X. Liu, X. L. Liu, and Y. B. Zhao,Greens functions
for anisotropic magneto-electro-elastic solids with an

x = L, z = 0 u = 0 w = 0
15d
w / x = 0
Substituting (14) into (15a, 15b) and the
second equation of (15d), yields
1

1 j A3 j = 0 ,
j =1

s 2j 1 j A3 j = 0 ,
j =1

3h s 2j k 3 j A3 j = ( 2 2 ) / 2

16

j =1

s k

j 2j

E. Pan, Three-dimensional Greens function in

anisotropic magneto-electro-elastic bimaterials , Z.
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media, Int. J. Eng. Sci. vol.40, pp.1069-1080, 2002.

j =1

[2]

three-dimensional problems in magneto-electro-elastic

j =1

s j1 j B2 j = 0 ,

elliptical cavity or a crack, Int. J. Eng. Sci. vol.39,

pp.1405-1418, 2001.

[3] X. Wang, Y. P. Shen, The general solution of

3h s 2j k 2 j A3 j = ( 1 1 ) / 2 ,

(19) 

j =1

+h / 2

h / 2

j =1

(m = 1 ~ 3)
18
Furthermore, the first equation of (15d) can be

(m = 1 ~ 3) 14

+h / 2

m dz = h s j mj B2 j

satisfied by superposing on the rigid body

j =1

x = 0

+h / 2

[4] P. F. Hou, Y. T. Leung Andrew, and H. J. Ding, The

elliptical Hertizan contact of transversely isotropic
magneto-electro-elastic bodies, Int. J. Solids Struct. ,

s j k1 j B2 j = 0 ,
j =1

vol.40, pp.2833~2850, 2003.

[5] J. Y. Chen, H. J. Ding, and P. F. Hou, Analytical

B2 j = (1 + 1 ) / 2 ,

solutions of simply supported magneto-electro-elastic

circular plate under uniform loads, Journal of Zhejiang

j =1

s j k3 j B2 j = ( 2 + 2 ) / 2

University SCIENCE, vol.4(5), pp.560-564, 2003.

17

j =1

[6] H. J. Ding, A. M. Jiang, Fundamental solutions for

transversely isotropic magneto-electro-elastic media

Then, A3 j can be determined from (16) and B2 j

and boundary integral formulation , Science in

from (17). Furthermore, in order to satisfy the

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third equation of (15c), one should superpose the

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magneto-electro-elastic beams, Structural Engineering

solution above on the corresponding analytical

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978-1-4244-2108-4/08/$25.00 2008 IEEE