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csstestGeneralKnowledgeToday
1.Answer:[D]1,2and3
FewfactsaboutHarappancivilization:
1.TheinformationgatheredaboutHarappancivilizationisfromarcheologicalmeans.
2.HarappansaresaidtobeofIndianorigin.
3.Harrapancivilizationwasurbanincharacter.
4.Harappancivilizationhadbothinternalandexternaltrade.
5.Agriculturewasthemainactivityandwoodenploughwasusedforagriculturalactivity.
6.HarappansdidntknowuseofIron.
7.HorsewasnotknowntoHarappanpeople.
8.Harappanpeoplewerepeacelovinginnature.
9.Harappansworshippedpashupatinath,themothergoddessandanimals,snakeetc.
10.Harappansusedcottonclothes.
2.Answer:[B]2Only
FirststatementisINCORRECTbecauseLingayatismisnativetoKarnatakaandnottoAndhraPradeshstate.It
differsfromAdvaita,DvaitaandVisistadvaitaofVedanta.ThePhilosophyofthisreligionisknownas
Saktivisistadvaita,wheregodisconceivedtobequalifiedbyshaktiorcosmicenergy.YogaandMeditationarethe
pathstoachievethecosmicenergy.Lingayatsdonoteatmeat,orsmokeordrinkalcohol.
3.Answer:[D]1,2and3
Allgivenstatementsarecorrect
ChaityameansChurchandViharameansMonastery.BothearlyChaityasandViharasweremadebywoodsandlater
stonecutChaityasandViharasweremade.Chaityawasarectangularprayerhallwithastupaplacedinthecentre,the
purposewasprayer.TheChaityawasdividedintothreeparts,andhadanapsidalending,thatis,asemicircularrear
end.Thecentralpartofthehall(alsocalledthenave)wasseparatedfromthetwoaislesbytworowsofpillars.The
chaityasalsohadpolishedinteriorwalls,semicircularroofsandhorseshoeshapedwindowscalledtheChaitya
windows.Viharasweretheresidencesofthemonks.Stupasarearchitecturalstructureswhichcontaincremated
remainsofBuddhistsaints.
4.Answer:[A]LingarajaTemple
LingrajaTemple,situatedatBhubaneswarofKhurdadistrictinOrissa,isanexampleofdeulaarchitecture.
5.Answer:[C]danceforminGoa
GhodeModni(GhodemeanshorseandModnimeansgyrationsanddancelikemovements)isliterallyadance
involvinghorselikemovements.Itisawarriordance,whichcommemoratesthevictoryoftheRanes,theMaratha
rulersoverthePortuguese.ThedanceisafamousfolkdancefromoftheGoastate.
6.Answer:[D]1,2,3,4and5
AllgivenareaccordedwithGeographicalIndicationstatus.
7.Answer:[C]Both1and2
Botharecorrectstatements
Kindly,notethatinMathuraschoolsofarts,therewasnoforeigninfluence.However,lateritcrossfertilizedwiththe
Gandharaschool,andinMathuraschoolsofarts,thehaloaroundtheheadofBuddhawasprofuselydecorated.
GandharaschoolofartshadstrongGreekinfluence.
8.Answer:[B]Chhattisgarh
SitabenaandJogimaraarelocatedinSargujadistrictofChhattisgarh.Theyaresaidtobeamongtheworldsoldest
theatres.
9.Answer:[C]1and2Only
Only1and2iscorrect
ThirdstatementisincorrectbecauseorogenicmovementisfasterthanEpeirogenicmovement.
Bothinternalandexternalforcesonearthareresponsibleforoceanicandterrestriallandforms.Epeirogenic
movementofearthexertverticalandradicalpressureonearthwhichisresponsibleforbuildingofcontinentsand

oceanbasins.Orogenicmovementofearthexerthorizontalandtangentialpressureonearthandisresponsiblefor
mountainsbuildingsonearth.Volcanicforcesareresponsibleformaterialeruptionandvolcaniclandforms.These
movementsthusproducestructuralchangesontheearthsurfaceandmakeituneventhusproducinglandforms.
10.Answer:[B]2Only
Onlysecondstatementiscorrect
Firststatementisincorrectbecausebasaltisanextrusiveigneousrockwhereasgraniteisanintrusiveigneousrock.
Bothbasaltandgranitearetypesofigneousrock.Basaltconsistsofmagnesiumandironminerals,andismainly
foundatoceansurface,whereasgranitearerichinfeldsparandsilicon,andfoundattheearthcrust.
11.Answer:[A]SeaofOmantoPersianGulf
StraitofHormuzisastraitbetweentheGulfofOmanandthePersianGulf.ItissurroundedbycountrieslikeIran,
Iraq,SaudiArabia,OmanandUAE.About20%oftheworldspetroleum,andabout35%ofthepetroleumtradedby
sea,passesthroughthestraitmakingitahighlyimportantstrategiclocationforinternationaltrade.
12.Answer:[B]BenguelaCurrentandAgulhasCurrent
BenguelacurrentandAgulhascurrentmeetneartheregionwhichmakesitanexcellentfishingspot.Agulhascurrent
iswarmwatercurrentfromsouthwesternIndianoceanflowingtoptobottomoneasterncoastofsouthernAfrica.
BenguelacurrentiscoldwatercurrentthatoriginatingfromsouthAtlanticocean,flowingnorthwardsalongthewest
coastofsouthernAfrica.BothAgulhasandBenguelacurrentmeetnearthesoutherntipofAfricaatCapeofGood
Hope.
13.Answer:[A]2and4Only
RajyaSabhaenjoysequalpowerswithLokSabhainmattersliketheimpeachmentofthePresident,removalofthe
vicepresident,constitutionalamendments,andremovalofthejudgesoftheSupremeCourtandtheHighCourts.In
matterofcreatingAllIndiaServicesRajyasabhaenjoysspecialpowers.IfRajyaSabhapassesaresolutionbya
majorityofnotlessthantwothirdsofthememberspresentandvotingdeclaringthatitisnecessaryorexpedientin
thenationalinteresttocreateoneormoreAllIndiaServicescommontotheunionandthestates,parliament
becomesempoweredtocreatebylawsuchservices.
14.Answer:[C]Both1&2
Boththestatementsarecorrect.SomeothernotablepointsforCAGare:theComptrollerandAuditorGeneralof
IndiashallnotbeeligibleforfurtherofficeeitherundertheGovernmentofIndiaorundertheGovernmentofany
Stateafterhehasceasedtoholdhisoffice.ThesalaryandotherconditionsofserviceoftheComptrollerand
AuditorGeneralshallbesuchasmaybedeterminedbyparliamentbylawand,untiltheyaresodetermined,shallbe
asspecifiedintheSecondSchedule.
15.Answer:[C]Presidentbyadeclaration
InterstatecouncilcanbeestablishedbyPresident.TheInterStateCouncilcanbeestablishedunderArticle263ofthe
ConstitutionofIndiathroughaPresidentialdeclaration.Itconsistsof:
PrimeMinisteraschairman
ChiefMinisterofallstates
ChiefMinistersofunionterritorieshavinglegislativeassemblyandadministerofunionterritorynothaving
legislativeassembly,sixministersofunioncabinetrank.
16.Answer:[B]2Only
DPSPareinspiredfromIrishConstitution.Equaljusticeandfreelegalaidhasbeeninsertedvia42ndamendment
act.
17.Answer:[A]Mandamus
Mandamusmeansweorder.TheSupremeCourtorHighCourtorderstoaperson,coropration,lowercourt,
publicauthorityorstateauthority.Theordertodosomething.Itsacommandordirectivetoperformsomethingor
someact.
18.Answer:[C]2and3Only
FirststatementisincorrectbecauseUnionHomeMinisteristhechairmanofZonalCouncils.Theideaofcreationof
ZonalCouncilswasmootedbythefirstPrimeMinisterofIndia,PanditJawaharLalNehruin1956whenduringthe
courseofdebateonthereportoftheStatesReorganisationAct,1956.Atpresent,thereare5Zonalcouncilsandone
NorthEastcouncilforNorthEasternstates.ZonalCouncilsarenotConstitutionalbodiesakintotheInterstate
Council.However,sincetheyhavebeenestablishedviathepartIIIoftheStatesReorganizationActof1956,

theyarestatutorybodies.
19.Answer:[D]Neither1nor2
Boththestatementsareincorrect
44thamendmentactof1978restrictedthescopeofarticle358duetowhichfundamentalrightsunderarticle19gets
automaticallysuspendedonlyongroundsofWarorexternalaggressionandnotongroundsofarmedrebellion.
Article359empowersthePresidenttosuspendtheenforcementofallfundamentalrights(exceptthoseguaranteed
byarticle20andarticle21)forperiodasspecifiedbypresidentduringnationalemergencyongroundonwar,
externalaggressionandarmedrebellion.Therestrictiononarticle359overarticle20and21wasonaccountof44th
amendmentact1978.
20.Answer:[C]2,3and4Only
Only2,3and4arethecorrectstatementsbecausesalariesofjudgesofHighCourtarepaidfromconsolidatedfund
ofstates.
21.Answer:[A]1and2Only
ElectoralCollegeforelectionofvicepresidentconsistsofmembersofboththehousesofparliament
(elected+nominated).ItdiffersfromthatofElectoralCollegeofpresidentialelectionwhichconsistsofelected
membersofbothhousesofparliamentandstatelegislativeassemblies.
22.Answer:[B]2Only
Firststatementisincorrect.RajyaSabhabeingafederalchamberenjoyscertainspecialpowersunderthe
Constitution.Allthesubjects/areasregardinglegislationhavebeendividedintothreeListsUnionList,StateList
andconcurrentList.UnionandStateListsaremutuallyexclusiveonecannotlegislateonamatterplacedinthe
sphereoftheother.However,ifRajyaSabhapassesaresolutionbyamajorityofnotlessthantwothirdsof
memberspresentandvotingsayingthatitisnecessaryorexpedientinthenationalinterestthatParliamentshould
makealawonamatterenumeratedintheStateList,Parliamentbecomesempoweredtomakealawonthesubject
specifiedintheresolution,forthewholeoranypartoftheterritoryofIndia.Sucharesolutionremainsinforcefor
amaximumperiodofoneyearbutthisperiodcanbeextendedbyoneyearatatimebypassingasimilarresolution
further.RajyaSabhadoesnothavepowersinmattersofvotingfordemandforgrantsanditistheexclusiverightof
LokSabha.
23.Answer:[D]1,2and3
Allgivenstatementsarecorrect.RighttoInformationactwaspassedin2005forthecitizenstosecureaccessto
informationunderthecontrolofpublicauthorities,inordertopromotetransparencyandaccountabilityinthe
workingofeverypublicauthority,theconstitutionofCentralorstategovernments.ItisapplicableonlytoIndian
citizensandtheactdoesnotapplyinstateofJammu&kashmir.Ithasbeenaccordedasapartoffundamentalright
underarticle19(1)oftheconstitution.
24.Answer:[D]Neither1nor2
Boththestatementsareincorrect.Secondstatementisincorrectbecauseimpeachmentcanbemovedagainstthem
onlyongroundsofincapacityorprovedmisbehaviour.Itisdifferentasincaseofpresidentwhereimpeachment
processisonthegroundsofviolationoftheconstitution.FirststatementisincorrectbecauseonlySupremeCourt
judgesareappointedthroughcollegiumsystem,whileappointmentofjudgesofHighCourtshasdifferent
procedure.
25.Answer:[B]3and4Only
LokadalatsareonvoluntarybasisandalsoaspermanentLokAdalats.
FirststatementisincorrectbecauseLokadalatscomesunderpurviewoftheStatelegalAidandadvisoryboard.
SecondstatementisincorrectbecauseLokadalatdealsinmattersrelatedtocivilcaseswithfewlimitationsto
criminalcases.
BeforethematterisbroughtinfrontofLokadalats,oneimportantconditiontobesatisfiedisthatbothpartiesin
disputeshouldagreeforsettlementthroughLokAdalatandabidebyitsdecision.ThemainthrustofLokAdalatsis
oncompromise.Whennocompromiseisreached,themattergoesbacktothecourt.Whileconductingthe
proceedingsLokAdalatactsasaconciliatorandnotasanarbitrator.Itsroleistopersuadethepartiestohitupona
solutionandhelpinreconcilingthecontestingdifferences.LokAdalatcannotdecidetheissuesnorcanitinfluenceor
forcethepartiestodecideinaparticularway.Itencouragesconsensualarrangements.Itisnotpossibleforlokadalat
todecideuponanyissuenotacceptabletoanyoftheparties.ThirdandFourtharecorrectstatements.
26.Answer:[D]Parliamentonrecommendationofconcernedstatelegislativeassembly

Fourthstatementisthecorrectanswerbecauseitrequiresparliamentapprovalafterlegislativeassembly
recommendationforabolishmentorcreationofthecouncil.Thesizeofthelegislativecouncilcannotbemorethan
onethirdthemembershipofthelegislativeassembly.Howeveritssizecannotbelessthan40members(exceptin
JammuandKashmir,wherethereare36byanActofParliament.

27.Answer:[C]1and3Only
SecondstatementisincorrectbecauseCITESwasdraftedunderUNEP.CITES(theConventiononInternational
TradeinEndangeredSpeciesofWildFaunaandFlora)isaninternationalagreementbetweengovernments.Itsaim
istoensurethatinternationaltradeinspecimensofwildanimalsandplantsdoesnotthreatentheirsurvival.Asa
resultofconvention,allimportandexportreexportofplantandanimalspeciescoveredbytheConventionhasto
beauthorizedthroughalicensingsystem.
28.Answer:[C]Both1&2
MajorproblemassociatedwithHydrogenfuellcelliswithextractingandstoringofhydrogenonsafetybackgrounds
asithashighenergycontent.Besidethis,hydrogenrequiresatleasttwiceenergyaselectricitytothatofthetonnage
ofcoal,twicetothatofnuclearplantstoprovideanequivalentunitofwork.Mostoftodayshydrogenisproduced
fromnaturalgas,whichisonlyaninterimsolutionsinceitdiscards30%oftheenergyinonevaluablebutdepletable
fuel(naturalgas)toobtain70%ofanother(hydrogen).Thechallengeistodevelopmoreappropriatemethodsbased
onsustainableenergysources,methodsthatdonotemployelectricityasanintermediatestepinextractionof
hydrogen.
29.Answer:[A]theamountofwaterthatisembeddedinfoodorotherproductsneededforits
production
Virtualwaterisdefinedastheamountofwaterthatisembeddedinfoodorotherproductsneededforits
production.
30.Answer:[D]Neither1nor2
Biomeisthelargerpartasitisthecombinationofseveralecosystems.
Desert,grassland,savanaandtundraaretypesofbiomes
Biodiversitydecreasesaswemovefromequatortowardspolewithmaximumconcentratedinequatorregion.
31.Answer:[A]1Only
MontrealprotocoldealswithozonelayerdepletingsubstanceitisKyotoprotocolwhichdealswithgreenhouse
gases.Montrealprotocolwasagreedon16September1987,andenteredintoforceon1January1989.Itaimsat
reductionofozonedepletingsubstances,mainlyCFCandHCFC,whicharepotentgreenhousegases,thousandtimes
morepowerfulthancarbondioxide.
32.Answer:[D]1,2,3and4
Primarypollutantarethosepollutantsthataredirectlyemittedfromfortheirsources,likeCO2,CO,SO2asthese
gaseousaredirectlyemittedformburningoffossilfuels.Secondarypollutantsincludeozone,whichisformedwhen
hydrocarbons(HC)andnitrogenoxides(NOx)combineinthepresenceofsunlight.NO2,whichisformedwhenNO
combineswithoxygenintheair.Acidrain,whichisformedwhensulfurdioxideornitrogenoxidesreactwithwater,
sulfuricacidetc.
33.Answer:[A]1,2&3Only
FourthstatementisincorrectbecauseSeabuckthorncangrowonsoilswithlessfertility,withrequirementofonly
phosphorousasfertilizer.
34.Answer:[D]1,2,3and4
Allgivenstatementsarecorrect.Kindlynotethatbiodieselburnsclean,whichresultsinasignificantreductionof
thetypesofpollutantsthatcontributetosmogandglobalwarmingandemitsupto85%fewercancercausingagents.
35.Answer:[B]2Only
TsoLhamoalsocalledCholamoolakeislocatedinSikkim.
36.Answer:[C]Both1&2
Botharecorrectstatements.
37.Answer:[A]1Only

Secondstatementisincorrectbecausenothingtravelsfasterthanlight.
38.Answer:[B]1&5Only
Tuberculosisiscausedbybacterialinfectionwhichmainlyaffectslungs.BCGvaccineprotectsagainsttuberculosis.
DengufeverisamosquitoborneviralinfectiontransmittedbytheAedesmosquitoes,whichnormallybitesduring
thedaytime.Itmainlyaffectsliver.Novaccinationisavailableforit.
Diphtheriaiscausedbybacterialinfection,andisusuallyspreadbetweenpeoplebydirectcontactorthroughtheair
effectingmainlythroatandsometimesthetonsilsinthebody.
Chickenpox,alsoknownasvaricella,isahighlycontagiousdiseasecausedbytheviralinfectionandmainlydamages
nervoussystemofthebody.Vaccinationisavailableforit.
Japaneseencephalitisisamosquitoborneviraldiseasemainlyeffectingliverofthebody.Vaccinationisavailablefor
it.
JaundiceisaviraldiseasecausedbyhepatitisCviruswhichleadstoinflamationofliverincreasingexcretionof
bilirubin
39.Answer:[A]1Only
Vitamins(A,K,EandD)arefatsolublevitamins,whereasVitamins(BandC)arewatersolublevitamins.Fatsoluble
vitaminscanbedangerousforthebodyincaseofmoreintakesofvitaminswithfattyproducts,leadingto
Hypervitaminosis.
KwashiorkoriscausedbydificiencyofproteinwhereasNyctalopia(Nightblindness)iscausedbydifficiencyof
vitaminA.
40.Answer:[A]1Only
Secondstatementisincorrectbecauseincaseofmitosisthenumberofchromosomeremainsameondivision,
whereasincaseofmeiosisthenumberofchromosomereducestohalf.
Kindlynotethedifferencesinmitosisandmeiosis:
Whilemitosisisatypeofasexualproductionexistinginorganisms,Meiosisisatypeofsexualproductionexistingin
plants,animalsandhumans.
Numberofchromosomesremainssameincaseofmitosisdivision,whereasitreducestohalfincaseofmeiosis.
Nogameteformationtakesplaceinmitosis,whereasgameteformationtakesplaceincaseofmeiosisdivision.
Incaseofmitosisonlytwodaughtercellsareproducedidenticaltoeach,whereasincaseofmeiosisitgetsreducedto
2daughtercellsineachof4identicalcells.
41.Answer:[D]Neither1nor2
Firststatementisincorrectbecausenucleusisabsentincaseofprokaryoticcellandpresentineukaryoticcell.
SecondstatementisincorrectbecauseRibosomesarepresentinbotheukaryoticandprokaryoticcell.
KindlynotethatorganellessuchasLysosomes,Peroxisomes,Mitochondriaandendoplasmicreticulumarepresent
incaseofeukaryoticcellswhereastheyareabsentincaseofprokaryoticcell.
42.Answer:[B]4Only
Ascalarquantityisonewhichhasonlymagnitude.Avectorquantityhasbothmagnitudeanddirection.
TemperatureisacomparativemeasureofhotorcoldandisexpressedinCelsius,Fahrenheitandkelvin,which
representsonlymagnitudeandnodirection.Hencetemperatureisascalarquantity.
WorkisagainascalarquantitybecauseW=F.SwhereFisforcewhichisavectorquantityandSisdisplacement
whichisagainavectorquantity(Dotproductoftwovectorquantityisascalar)
PowerisagainascalarquantityasPowerisdefinedasrateofworkdone
P=W/T(scalarquantitydividedbyscalarisscalar)
MomentumisM=m.vwheremisthemassofthebodywhichisscalarquantityandvisthevelocitywhichisvector
quantity(Dotproductofscalarandvectorisvector)
K.E=1/2mv^2,wherev^2isthedotproductoftwovectorquantity(DotProductoftwovectorquantityisscalar)
43.Answer:[D]Neither1nor2
Speedofsatelliterevolvingaroundtheearthisgivenby
v=GM/r
Wherevisthespeedofsatellite,GisthegravitationalconstantMisthemassoftheEarthandristheradialdistance
ofsatellitefromearth.So,wefindthatvelocityofsatellitedoesnotdependsonmassofsatellite.Againfromthe
equationwefindthatvelocityisinverselyproportionaltodistancefromtheearth.Thereforeasthedistance
decreasesfromearth,velocityofsatelliteincreases.
44.Answer:[A]Pascal'sprinciple

PascalsprincipleThepressureexertedonanenclosedliquidatoneplaceistransmittedequallythroughoutthe
liquid.
Bernoulli'sprincipleInanirrotationalfluid,thesumofthestaticpressure,theweightofthefluidperunitmass
timestheheightandhalfthedensitytimesthevelocitysquaredisconstantthroughoutthefluid.
Huygens'principleThemechanicalpropagationofawave(specifically,oflight)isequivalenttoassumingthat
everypointonthewavefrontactsaspointsourceofwaveemission.
Archimedes'PrincipleThisprinciplestatesthatwhenabodyiswhollyorpartiallyimmersedinafluid,it
experiencesanupthrustequaltotheweightofthefluiddisplaced.

45.Answer:[B]2Only
FirststatementisincorrectbecauseMRItechnologyusesradiopulseforimagingwhereasComputedtomography
usesXraysforimaging.Besidethis,MRIismorecostlyandisusedonlyforsofttissues,whereasCTscancanbeused
forbone,softtissuesandbloodvessels.ThoughMRIiscostlywhencomparedtoCTscan,butCTscanpossessriskof
ionizationradiation,whichisnotincaseofMRI.
46.Answer:[B]1,2and3Only
IncreaseinCashReserveRatiowillincreasetheamountofmoneythatcommercialbankshavetokeepwiththeRBI.
Thiswilldecreasethelendingcapacityofbanksandhenceresultsinlowliquidityinthemarket.Lowliquiditycreates
lowdemandmeanslessinflation.
47.Answer:[A]CentralStatisticalOffice
IIPdataisreleasedeverymonthbyCentralStatisticalOrganization.TheindividualitemsconsideredunderIIPare
categorisedintothreesectors:mining,manufacturingandelectricitysector.
48.Answer:[C]1,2,3and4Only
Grossdomesticproductisthemoneyvalueofallfinalgoodsandservicesproducedwithinthedomesticterritoryofa
countryduringayear.GDPincludesthefollowing:Consumergoodsandservices,Grossprivatedomesticinvestment
incapitalgoods,Governmentexpenditure,Exportsandimports.Whennetfactorincomefromabroadisaddedto
GDP,theresultbecomesGNP(GrossNationalProduct).
GNP=GDP+NFIA(NetFactorIncomefromAbroad)
49.Answer:[C]Both1&2
Moneymarketsareshorttermfundswithmaximummaturityperiodupto1year.Capitalmarketsarelongterm
fundswithminimummaturitymorethanayear.
NationalSavingCertificateshavealockinof5yearsand10years,andhencecannotbeincludedinmoney
markets.Treasurybillshavemaximummaturityperiodof91days,182days,273daysor364daysi.elessthan1year,
andhencetheyareincludedunderthemoneymarkets.Also,notethatthatmoneymarketsincreasestheshortterm
liquidityinthemarketwhereascapitalmarketsaremobilisationofsavings.
50.Answer:[C]Both1&2
MinistryofCommerceandIndustry,isresposibleforreportingBalanceofTradeinIndia.Indiahasbeenrecording
sustainedtradedeficitssince1980mainlyduetothehighgrowthofimports,particularlyofcrudeoil,goldand
silver.ButIndiasbalanceoftradeinserviceshasalwaysbeenpositive,helpingitsmerchandisesectortobridgeits
perennialtradedeficit.
51.Answer:[A]1Only
Secondstatementisincorrectbecausedebentureholdersarepaidbeforeequityholdersatthetimeofliquidation.
52.Answer:[B]1,2and4Only
Foreignportfolioinvestmentformsapartofcapitalaccountandnotcurrentaccount.
Increasingimportdutywillmakeimportscostly,andhencewillreduceimports.Devaluationofcurrencywillboost
exportandwillreduceimports.Alsodevaluationofcurrencywillincreasetheremittancestocountry.
BoPonCurrentAccount=(ExportImport)+(InvisiblePaymentsInvisibleReceipt)

53.Answer:[A]1Only
SecondstatementisincorrectbecauseNITIAayoghasprovisionsforparttimememberswhereasplanning
commissionhadnoprovisionforparttimemembers.

54.Answer:[A]1Only
NetNationalProduct=GNPDepreciation
55.Answer:[B]2&3Only
Firststatementisincorrectbecauseitsignifiesintercropping.Mixedfarmingisthecombiningoftwoindependent
agriculturalactivitiesonthesamefarm.Thepracticesthataredoneincombinationtomainagriculturalpracticesin
mixedfarmingarepoultryfarming,dairyfarming,beekeeping,sericulture,Pisciculture,shrimpfarming,goatand
sheeprearing,piggeryandagroforestry.
56.Answer:[B]2Only
FirststatementisincorrectbecauseLawCommissionofIndiaisneitheraconstitutionalbodynorastatutorybody.It
isanadhocandadvisorybody.
57.Answer:[D]Haryana
MangarBaniforestarelocatedinHaryanastateofIndia.Theforestisunderthreatfromrealestatedevelopersand
urbanexpansionviafaultymasterplans.
58.Answer:[B]2,3,4&5Only
GramSabhameansabodyconsistingofpersonsregisteredintheelectoralrollscomprisedwithintheareaof
Panchayatatthevillagelevel.InthePanchayatRajSystemGramSabhaistheonlypermanentunit.Durationof
Panchayati.e.MukhiyasandothermembersofPanchayatcontinuefor5yearsonlyfromthedateappointedforthe
firstmeeting,butthevillagersdonotchange.
59.Answer:[A]Only1
Article87(1)oftheConstitutionprovides:"Atthecommencementofthefirstsessionaftereachgeneralelectionto
theHouseofthePeopleandatthecommencementofthefirstsessionofeachyearthePresidentshalladdressboth
HousesofParliamentassembledtogetherandinformParliamentofthecausesofitssummons."

60.Answer:[C]Only1,2&3
AMinisterwhoisaMemberofLokSabhahastherighttospeakinandotherwisetotakepartintheproceedingsof
RajyaSabhabuthasnorighttovoteinRajyaSabhaandviceversa.
61.Answer:[B]Only2
FirststatementisincorrectbecauseMouseLemursareendemictotheislandofMadagascar.Recently,Primate
Researchershavediscoveredthreenewspeciesofmouselemurs.
62.Answer:[A]Only1
SecondstatementisincorrectbecauseNAVICsystemconsistsof3satellitesinGEOorbitand4satellites
inGSOorbit

63.Answer:[B]2Only
FirststatementisincorrectbecausetheprojectisaSwisslongrangeexperimentalsolarpoweredaircraftproject.
Secondstatementiscorrect.
64.Answer:[B]curbtheirrationalandoveruseofantibiotics
RedlineCampaignisaninitiativebythecentralgovernmentonantibioticpackagestocurbtheiroverthecounter
sale,irrationalusesandoverdoses.

65.Answer:[B]Only2
Firststatementisincorrectbecausetheactasksfortreatmentofajuvenileasadultonlywhencommittingaheinous
crime,whichisdefinedasanoffencethatattractsatleastajailtermofsevenyearsormoreunderIndianPenal
Code.Secondstatementiscorrect.TheactsaysthattheboardshallconsistofaMetropolitanMagistrateora
JudicialMagistrateofFirstClasswithminimumthreeyearsofexperience,andtheboardmusthaveafemale
member.

66.Answer:[B]Only1&3
Adieselcaremits510timesmorePM2.5thanapetrolcarand23timesmoreNOx.Afforestationcannothelpin
decreasingthePM2.5level.PM2.5aretinyparticlesintheairandnotgases(tobereducedbyplantingtrees).The
onlywaytocutitsreductionistocutitsemissionsourceslikecars,factories,wasteburningandthermalpower
plants.
67.Answer:[A]Only1&2
ElNinoischaracterisedwithwarmseasurfacetemperatureintheeasternpacificoceanwillleadstodraught
conditioninsoutheastIndiaanddisturbsmonsooninIndia.
Manytypesofcoralhaveaspecialsymbioticrelationshipwithatinymarinealgae(zooxanthellae)thatliveinside
coralstissueandareveryefficientfoodproducersthatprovideupto90percentoftheenergycoralsrequireto
growandreproduce.Coralbleachingoccurswhentherelationshipbetweenthecoralhostandzooxanthellae,which
givecoralmuchoftheircolour,breaksdown.Withoutthezooxanthellae,thetissueofthecoralanimalappears
transparentandthecoralsbrightwhiteskeletonisrevealed.Whenseasurfacetemperatureincreasesandcoral
stressfromotherimpactsmayincreasecoralsvulnerabilitytobleaching.Otherstressorscanalsocausebleaching,
includingfreshwaterinundation(lowsalinity)andpoorwaterqualityfromsedimentorpollutantrunoff.Henceas
theclimatechanges,coralbleachingispredictedtobecomemorefrequentandsevere.
TyphoonsarelandphenomenonnothingtodowithElNino.
68.Answer:[B]Only2
FirststatementisincorrectbecauseitprovidesforrefinancewindowthroughSmallIndustriesDevelopmentBankof
India(SIDBI)

69.Answer:[D]1,2,3&4
Landdegradationiscausedbymanyfactors,includingextremeweatherconditionsparticularlydrought,andhuman
activitiesthatpolluteordegradethequalityofsoilsandlandutilitynegatively.Soilsealingreferstolanddegradation
duetocoveringofthesoilsurfacewithimperviousmaterialsasaresultofurbandevelopmentandinfrastructure
construction.
70.Answer:[D]Neither1nor2
FirststatementisincorrectbecauseUnnatBharatAbhiyanisaprogrammeunderMinistryofHumanResource
Development(MHRD).SecondstatementisincorrectbecauseUnnatBharatAbhiyanhasanaimtoconnect
institutionsofhighereducation,includingIndianInstitutesofTechnology(IITs),NationalInstitutesofTechnology
(NITs)andIndianInstitutesofScienceEducation&Research(IISERs)etc.withlocalcommunitiestoaddressthe
developmentchallengesthroughappropriatetechnologies.
71.Answer:[B]2Only
FirststatementisincorrectbecausetheNewDevelopmentBankhasbeenestablishedbytheBRICSstates.Second
statementisincorrectbecauseitsheadquartersareatShanghai,China.
72.Answer:[B]1&2Only
Thehighquality(100%Pure)Syngashasthemaincomponentsof(H2+CO)
73.Answer:[A]1Only
SecondstatementisincorrectbecauseIndiahasalreadyratifiedtheagreementin2011.TheSouthAsianleaders
endorsedaSAARCSeedBankAgreementinthe17thSAARCSummitinMaldives(2011).
74.Answer:[C]LowInflation,Steadyeconomicgrowth
Acolloquialtermforaneconomythatcombineslowinflationwithsteadyeconomicgrowth
75.Answer:[C]Both1&2
INAPhassetthegoalsforneonatalmortalityandstillbirths.ThegoalistoattainSingleDigitNeonatalMortalityand
StillbirthRatesby2030.INAPistobeimplementedwithintheexistingReproductive,Maternal,Newborn,Child
andAdolescenthealth(RMNCH+A)frameworkoftheNationalHealthMission(NHM).
76.Answer:[D]Only1,3,4&5
Periodofgeneraleconomicdecline,definedusuallyasacontractionintheGDPforsixmonths(twoconsecutive
quarters)orlonger.Markedbyhighunemployment,stagnantwages,andfallinretailsales,arecessiongenerally

doesnotlastlongerthanoneyearandismuchmilderthanadepression.Althoughrecessionsareconsidereda
normalpartofacapitalisteconomy,thereisnounanimityofeconomistsonitscauses.Acreditboomisdrivenbya
rapidexpansionofcredittotheprivatesectoraccompaniedbyrisingassetprices.
77.Answer:[D]Neither1nor2
KindlynotethattheIndianOceanDipole(IOD)isaminiatureversionoftheElNinoLaNinaphenomenonbeing
enactedintheIndianOceanfromtimetotime.Ithasnegativeandpositivephases.Inthenegativecase,thesea
surfacewarmsuptotheeastoftheOceanbasinrelativetothewest.Thiscausesconvectionandprecipitationtobe
confinedtotheEastIndianOcean,robbingmainlandIndiaofitsshareandaffectingrainfall.DuringapositiveIOD
phase,exactlythereversehappensbutawarmerwestIndianOceanhasbeenfoundtofuelaconcurrentIndian
Monsoon.ThustheeventhasamoredirectandimmediateimpactonthemonsoonthantheElNinoLaNinaevent.
78.Answer:[C]Both1&2
PharmaindustryismoredevelopedinWesternIndiathanEasternIndiabecauseofavailabilityofhigherbiodiversity
inwesternIndia.AtPresent,FDI,upto100%,ispermittedundertheautomaticrouteforGreenfieldinvestment,and
100%FDIforBrownfieldinvestmentviapriorgovernmentapproval.
79.Answer:[C]1,3&4Only
TheMMRvaccineisanimmunizationvaccineagainstredmeasles(Rubeola),MumpsandRubella.Malariaisnot
includedinthelist.
80.Answer:[C]Only1,3&4
SecondstatementisincorrectbecauseitsharesalargeterritoryinSouthEastAsia.
81.Answer:[A]Only1
SecondstatementisincorrectbecauseJENVACisIndiasfirstindigenousvaccinetoCombatJapaneseencephalitis.
82.Answer:[D]IronOreMines
AllthegivenplacesarefamousforIronoremines
83.Answer:[A]howeachsinglepollengrainisabletoproducetwinspermcells
InAngiospermsplantreproduction,twostructuresarecreated:azygoteandtheendosperm.Azygotewillgrow
anddevelopintoanembryo,orbabyplant.Theprocessofsinglepollengrainproducingtwospermcellswithone
combiningwitheggtoformazygoteandothertoformendospermiscalleddoublefertilization.
84.Answer:[A]Only1&2
NorthAtlanticdriftandGulfstreamsaccountsfortransferofwarmwatersovertheartic.Also,arcticissurrounded
bylesssnowandlargelandswhichincreasesthesunsinsolationovertheareawhereasAntarcticiscoveredwith
largesnowandmaximumreflectionofsunlightorlargeAlbedo.HencecoolerthanArctic.Besidethistheair
circulationpatternandthinlayerofOzoneoverAntarcticisalsoresponsibleforchangedclimatepattern.
85.Answer:[C]RummindeiPillarInscription
RummindeiPillarInscriptionsaysthatTheBelovedoftheGods,thekingPiyadassi,whenhehadbeenconsecrated
twentyyears,cameinpersonfindreferencedtheplacewhereBuddhaSakyamuniwasborn.Hecausedastone
enclosuretobemadeandastonepillartobeerected.AstheLordwasbornhereinthevillageofLumbini,hehas
exempteditfromtax,andfixeditscontributionatoneeighth.
86.Answer:[A]Only1
OnlyFirststatementiscorrect.
87.Answer:[D]Inalltheaboveconditions
Thisquestionisbaseduponactivetransportprocessinwhichthemovementofasubstanceagainstitsconcentration
gradient(fromlowtohighconcentration).Inallcells,thisisusuallyconcernedwithaccumulatinghigh
concentrationsofmoleculesthatthecellneeds,suchasions,glucoseandaminoacids.Iftheprocessuseschemical
energy,suchasfromadenosinetriphosphate(ATP),itistermedprimaryactivetransport.
Secondaryactivetransportinvolvestheuseofanelectrochemicalgradient.Activetransportusesenergy,unlike
passivetransport,whichdoesnotuseanytypeofenergy.Activetransportisagoodexampleofaprocessforwhich
cellsrequireenergy.Examplesofactivetransportincludetheuptakeofglucoseintheintestinesinhumansandthe
uptakeofmineralionsintoroothaircellsofplants.Pleasenotethatglucoseuptakecantakeplaceinanyofthe
conditionsmentionedinthreestatements.Methodofglucoseuptakediffersthroughouttissuesdependingontwo

factorsthemetabolicneedsofthetissueandavailabilityofglucose.Thetwowaysinwhichglucoseuptakecantake
placearefacilitateddiffusion(apassiveprocess)andsecondaryactivetransport(anactiveprocesswhichindirectly
requiresthehydrolysisofATP).
88.Answer:[D]1,2&3
Allthestatementarecorrect.
89.Answer:[A]RioDeclaration
Theprincipleofcommonbutdifferentiatedresponsibility(CBDR)isanimportantprincipleofinternational
environmentallaw,explicitlyformulatedinthePrinciple7oftheRioDeclaration.
90.Answer:[C]2only
Asolardayisnearly4minuteslongerthanasiderealday.Themeansolardayatpresentis86400.002seconds,It
was86400in1820
91.Answer:[C]Only3
TheconceptofEcologicallySensitiveAreasisverydifferentfromthataprotectedarealikeanationalparkwhichis
supposedtobeentirelyfreefromhumaninterference,thoughinrealitymanymanagementinterventionssuchas
creationofwaterholesandtourismrelatedactivitiesdocontinueeveninthenationalparks.EcologicallySensitive
Areasareareasunderhumanuse,sometimesquiteintensehumanusesuchasgenerationofthermalpowerand
cultivationofchikooinDahanutaluka.Hence,ESAsaretobeviewedasareaswherehumanactivitieswillcontinue,
butbeprudentlyregulatedundertheEnvironment(Protection)Act,1986.ESAsarenotatallmeanttostop
developmentinwaysthatwouldhurtlocalpeople,buttoensurethatdevelopmentisenvironmentfriendlyand
peopleoriented,aswellasservetopreservetheecologicalheritageonalongtermbasis.Therearenoset
regulations,suchasbanonallnewindustries,oronconversionofagriculturalintocommercialland,thatwould
prevailineveryEcologicallySensitiveAreainstead,theregulationswillbeworkedoutwithduerespecttolocal
context.
92.Answer:[B]Only3
Article17ofIndianconstitutionAbolitionofUntouchabilityUntouchabilityisabolishedanditspracticeinanyform
isforbidden.TheenforcementofanydisabilityarisingoutofUntouchabilityshallbeanoffencepunishablein
accordancewithlaw.
93.Answer:[C]Only3
AMoneyBillcanbeintroducedonlyinLokSabha.AfteritispassedbythatHouse,itistransmittedtoRajyaSabha
foritsconcurrenceorrecommendation.ThepowerofRajyaSabhainrespectofsuchaBillislimited.RajyaSabha
hastoreturnsuchaBilltoLokSabhawithinaperiodoffourteendaysfromitsreceipt.IfitisnotreturnedtoLok
Sabhawithinthattime,theBillisdeemedtohavebeenpassedbybothHousesattheexpirationofthesaidperiodin
theforminwhichitwaspassedbyLokSabha.Again,RajyaSabhacannotamendaMoneyBillitcanonly
recommendamendmentsandLokSabhamayeitheracceptorrejectalloranyoftherecommendationsmadeby
RajyaSabha.
ApartfromaMoneyBill,certainothercategoriesofFinancialBillsalsocannotbeintroducedinRajyaSabha.There
are,however,someothertypesofFinancialBillsonwhichthereisnolimitationonthepowersoftheRajyaSabha.
TheseBillsmaybeinitiatedineitherHouseandRajyaSabhahaspowerstorejectoramendsuchFinancialBillslike
anyotherBill.Ofcourse,suchBillscannotbepassedbyeitherHouseofParliamentunlessthePresidenthas
recommendedtothatHousetheconsiderationthereof.
Fromallthis,however,itdoesnotfollowthatRajyaSabhahasnothingtodoinmattersrelatingtofinance.The
BudgetoftheGovernmentofIndiaislaideveryyearbeforeRajyaSabhaalsoanditsmembersdiscussit.Though
RajyaSabhadoesnotvoteonDemandsforGrantsofvariousMinistriesamatterexclusivelyreservedforLok
Sabhanomoney,however,canbewithdrawnfromtheConsolidatedFundofIndiaunlesstheAppropriationBill
hasbeenpassedbyboththeHouses.Similarly,theFinanceBillisalsobroughtbeforeRajyaSabha.Besides,the
DepartmentrelatedParliamentaryStandingCommitteesthatexaminetheannualDemandsforGrantsofthe
Ministries/DepartmentsarejointcommitteeshavingtenmembersfromRajyaSabha.
94.Answer:[D]Thereisnodifferencebetweenthetwo
Thereisnodifferencebetweenthetwo.UnionLegislatureorParliamentconsistsofPresident,LokSabha,Rajya
SabhaandPresident
95.Answer:[B]Only1&2

Delimitationistheprocessbywhichtheboundariesofelectoralconstituencies,whetherfortheLokSabha,state
assembliesorevenlocalbodies,areperiodicallyredrawn.Ademocracyideallyoperatesonaonemanonevote
principle.However,sincethevoterinIndiadirectlyelectsonlytheMPortheMLArepresentinghisorher
constituency,forthisprincipletobetranslatedintopractice,constituenciesmusthaveroughlyequalpopulations.
Otherwise,eachvoterinasmallersizedconstituencywouldhaveagreatervoicethanoneinalargerconstituency.
96.Answer:[D]1,2,3&4
AlltheabovegiveresignationtoPresident.
97.Answer:[B]Only2&3
1.PleasenotethatAssistanceinRANisnotdirectlyprovidedtothePatientbutisgiventotheSuperintendentofthe
hospitalinwhichtreatmentisbeingtaken.
2.AssistanceadmissiblefortreatmentinGovernmentHospitalonly.
3.CentralGovernment/StateGovernment/P.S.UemployeesNOTeligible.
4.WhilethestategovernmentcangrantuptoRs1.5lakhafterthecaseisassessedbyatechnicalcommittee
constitutedatthehealthdirectoratelevel,ifthereisacostestimatedabovethanthat,theproposalforgrantistobe
senttotheCentreforsanction.
5.Forprovidingfinancialassistancetotheneedypatients,anadvancedofRs.10.00to40.0lakhsiskeptwiththe
MedicalSupdtsofmajornationalhospitalsacrossthecountry.Thesehospitalscanenablesanctionofanamountup
toRs.1,00,000/ineachdeservingcasereportingfortreatmentintherespectiveHospitals/Institute.
98.Answer:[D]1&2
Theproposedamendmentincorporatesascientificdefinitionofwildlifecorridorsintotheact.Thisisavery
importantstepwhichwillsavesuchareasfromthethreatofmining.Asofnow,thewildlifecorridorsarenotaslegal
entitiesinIndiaaswildlifesanctuariesandnationalparks.Thiscreatesconfusionandthatiswhytheproposed
amendmentwouldmakesurethesecorridorsbecomealegalentitysothattheyareprotectedbylawandtherecanbe
noscopeforconfusion.
99.Answer:[B]Only1&2
PleasenotethatTigerReservescomeundertheProjectTigerthatwaslaunchedinApril,1973.Itwaslatergiven
statutorybackingbyamendmentoftheWildlifeProtectionActin2006andthusNationalTigerConservation
Authoritywascreated.TheNTCAisresponsibleforimplementationoftheProjectTigerplantoprotectendangered
tigers.ItcomesunderCentralGovernment,socentralgovernmentdeclaresthetigerreserves,thoughstate
governmentscansendtheirproposalsandrequeststoNTCA.
100.Answer:[B]Earth'satmospherefiltersoutmostultravioletlight
EarthsatmospherefiltersmostultravioletlightsoNASAsHubbleSpaceTelescopeishelpingcreatethefirst
ultravioletimageoftheuniverse.