You are on page 1of 36

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved.

. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Modelos del terreno

Wolfgang Kornus
Julio 2016
wolfgang.kornus@icgc.cat

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Sumario

Introduccin
DTM y DSM
Estructuras de datos: modelos de malla regular y TIN
Imgenes de satlite para generar DEMs
Programas comerciales

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Sumario
Un Modelo Digital de Terreno (MDT) es una estructura numrica de datos que
representa la distribucin espacial de una variable cuantitativa y continua.

Un Modelo Digital de Elevaciones (MDE), un caso particular de aquel, en el que la


variable representada es la cota del terreno en relacin a un sistema de referencia
(Wikipedia)

Un Modelo Digital de Superficie (MDS/DSM) se refiere a la superficie


de la tierra e incluye todos los objetos que esta contiene.
Un Modelo Digital de Terreno (MDT/DTM) representa la superficie de
suelo desnudo sin ningn objeto como la vegetacin o los edificios.

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Digital Surface Model

DSM

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Digital Terrain Model

DTM

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Digital Surface Model

DSM

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Digital Terrain Model

DTM

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Superficies de la Tierra

N hH

H
h

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Fuentes de DEM

Fuentes de DEM:
Mapas topogrficos (curvas de nivel)

Geodesia

Fotogrametra area

Fotogrametra satelital

RADAR

LiDAR

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Aplicaciones
Aplicaciones
Generacin de ortofotos y/o perspectivas 3D

Modelos 3D de ciudades, minas, etc.


Planificacin del territorio (carreteras, corredores ferroviarios y corredores de
oleoductos, etc.)
Agricultura: gestin de la tierra y las cosechas.

Hidrologa: estudios de topografa y de pendiente de la cuenca de drenaje,


mapas de riesgo de inundaciones
Gestin forestal: deforestacin ilcita y gestin de explotaciones forestales
Vigilancia martima y del litoral: reconocimiento de buques y contaminacin
(vertidos de petrleo), mapas de puertos.
3D: simuladores de vuelo, mapas de alta precisin, implantacin de campos
fotovoltaicos, etc.

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Caractersticas geomorfolgicas

Puntos singulares:

Mximos y mnimos locales y puntos de silla


Cotas singulares

Lneas de quiebre y de forma:

Crestas

Talwegs, ros...

Orillas de caminos y carreteras...

reas planas: lagos, lnea de costa

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Estructuras de datos para DTM

Malla regular (grid)


Triangular Irregular Network (TIN)
Formato hbrido

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Malla regular

Es una matriz de datos con elevaciones

Hay que almacenar tambin:

coordenadas del origen: (x0,y0)

nmero de filas: r

nmero de columnas: c

paso de malla: D

ngulo de orientacin:

Formato ASCII ArcInfo (ESRI):

(x0,y0)

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Interpolacin bilineal
zi+1,j

X X0
Y Y0
j
i

D
D

y = Y - Y0 - (i-1)D

Y
zi,j

Y0
X0

z(X,Y) = (1-x/D)(1-y/D)zi,j + (1-x/D)(y/D)zi+1,j +


(x/D)(1-y/D)zi,j+1 + (x/D)(y/D)zi+1,j+1
zi+1,j+1

y
x z
i,j+1

x = X X0 - (j-1)D

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Malla regular

Ventajas:

Extremadamente simple

Fcil de programar

Programas rpidos

Poco espacio requerido por cada punto (z)

Desventajas:

La malla no se adapta a las caractersticas del terreno

Adecuado para pequea escala y en aplicaciones de imagen

Interpolaciones: vecino ms prximo, bilineal, bicbica

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Terreno TIN

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Malla Irregular de Tringulos (TIN)

Ventajas:

Desventajas:

El modelo se adapta a los datos irregulares: las caractersticas


geomorfolgicas se incorporan fcilmente
Se necesitan menos puntos para obtener la misma precisin que con grid

Ms espacio por punto:

(vi,xi,yi,zi)

(tj,vj1,vj2,vj3,tj1,tj2,tj3)
Algoritmos complejos (Computational Geometry)

Adecuado para grandes escalas

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Conversin TIN Grid

Interpolacin de tringulos planos:

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Formato hbrido (SCOP: *.dtm)

Caractersticas:

Malla regular con paso de malla comn en todo el archivo.


Estructura de datos hbrida, que combina los puntos de la malla regular y
datos morfolgicos adicionales (lneas de ruptura, lneas de la forma, etc.)
Paso de malla no depende de la densidad de la nube de puntos
La nube de puntos no se guarda
Almacenamiento del DTM en una estructura de teselas
Acceso directo a grandes reas de DTM
Soporta grandes volmenes de datos (hasta 10.000.000.000 puntos)
Fcil fusin y subdivisin de DEMs

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Tcnicas de comprobacin

Puntos de check
Mapas hipsomtricos y mapas de sombras
Inspeccin de perfiles
Generacin de curvas de nivel
Visualizacin de los puntos del DTM en una estacin fotogramtrica
estereoscpica

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Mapas de tintas hipsomtricas

Fcil interpretacin
Poca sensibilidad a los errores
del DTM

13-17 abril de 2015

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Mapas de sombras

Muy sensible a los errores en el


modelo

Interesante para QC

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Especificaciones de exactitud para el DTM

Normalmente slo se considera la exactitud vertical

Los errores horizontales se propagan para considerar su efecto sobre el


error vertical

Hay que especificar el porcentaje de puntos que deben tener un error ms


pequeo que una cierta cantidad (nivel de confianza)

Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) tiene un nivel de confianza de ~ 67%


i
( xObs
xPri ed ) 2
RMSE
n
i 1
n

Exactitud horizontal (Circular Error CE)

CE90 = 1.5175 RMSE

CE95 = 1.7308 RMSE

Exactitud vertical (Linear Error LE)

LE90 = 1.6449 RMSE

LE95 = 1.9500 RMSE

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Sumario
La produccin de DEM de imgenes satelitales es importante para
una gran variedad de aplicaciones que incluye:

generacin de ortofotos,
anlisis volumtricos,
modelos de ciudades o de minas,
creacin de vistas en perspectiva,
etc.

Los ltimos sensores de DigitalGlobe, Geo-Eye o SPOT Image


facilitan una fuente excelente para generar DEMs de alta
resolucin.

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Satlites/sensores con capacidad estreo


DigitalGlobe: Worldview-1, Worldview-2, Worldview-3
GeoEye:

GeoEye-1

Astrium:

SPOT-5, SPOT-6, SPOT-7 , Pleiades-1A , Pleiades-1B


Satlite
Worldview-1
Worldview-2
Worldview-3
GeoEye-1
SPOT-5
SPOT-6/-7
Pleiades -1A/-1B

Sensor
PAN
PAN
MS
PAN
MS
PAN
MS
PAN
MS
PAN
MS
PAN
MS

Resolucin [m] Swath [km]


0.5
17.6
0.5
16.4
2.0
0.3
13.1
1.2
0.4
15.2
1.6
2.5
60.0
10.0
2.0
60.0
8.0
0.7
20.0
2.8

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Precisin de productos

Source: http://www.euspaceimaging.com/products/dg-products/stereo-products accedido 1 de junio 2016

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Precisin de productos

Source: http://www.euspaceimaging.com/products/dg-products/stereo-products accedido 1 de junio 2016

13-17 abril de 2015

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Precisin de productos
Nivel de precisin Mapping: Precisin soportada por los satlites
Worldview, GeoEye y Pleiades
Nivel de precisin Precision: Precisin soportada por los satlites
Worldview, GeoEye y Pleiades aumentada con puntos de control

Nivel de precisin Very High Precisin: Precisin soportada por los


satlites Worldview, GeoEye y Pleiades aumentada con puntos de control de
alta precisin

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Nivel de precisin Mapping

DTM 8 metros

Eliminar picos altos, puntos


bajos y errores groseros

Allanar reas costeras

Allanar carreteras

Usar DTM de terceros (e.g.


SRTM) para llenar reas
vacas debidas a nubes o no
data.

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Nivel de precisin Mapping

DSM 8 metros

Eliminar picos altos, puntos


bajos y errores groseros

Allanar reas costeras

Usar DTM de terceros (e.g.


SRTM) para llenar reas
vacas debidas a nubes o no
data.

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Nivel de precisin Precision

DTM 4 metros

Eliminar picos altos, puntos


bajos y errores groseros

Allanar reas costeras

Edicin de la red hidrolgica

Allanar carreteras

Usar DTM de terceros (e.g.


SRTM) para llenar reas
vacas debidas a nubes o no
data.

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Nivel de precisin Precision

DSM 4 metros

Eliminar picos altos, puntos


bajos y errores groseros

Allanar reas costeras

Edicin de la red hidrolgica

Usar DTM de terceros (e.g.


SRTM) para llenar reas
vacas debidas a nubes o no
data.

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Nivel de precisin Very High Precision

DTM 2 metros

Eliminar picos altos, puntos


bajos y errores groseros

Allanar reas costeras

Edicin de la red hidrolgica

Allanar carreteras

Usar DTM de terceros (e.g.


SRTM) para llenar reas
vacas debidas a nubes o no
data.

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Nivel de precisin Precision

DSM 2 metros

Eliminar picos altos, puntos


bajos y errores groseros

Allanar reas costeras

Edicin de la red hidrolgica

Allanar carreteras

Allanar tejados

Usar DTM de terceros (e.g.


SRTM) para llenar reas
vacas debidas a nubes o no
data.

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Flujo de trabajo

Pre-procesamiento
Triangulacin
QC

QC

OK

Divisin en tiles (hojas)

Exportacin

Entrega
Revisin / Correccin

OK

Extraccin de DEM

Edicin de DEM

2014 Airbus Defence and Space All rights reserved. The reproduction, distribution and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is
prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.

Confidential

Programas comerciales
Harris Geospatial ENVI
http://www.harrisgeospatial.com/ProductsandSolutions/GeospatialProducts/ENVI/ENVIModules.aspx#6101539-dem

Hexagon ERDAS Imagine


http://www.hexagongeospatial.com/products/producer-suite/imagine-photogrammetry

PCI Geomatics
http://www.pcigeomatics.com/software/geomatica/professional

BAE Systems Socet-Set


http://www.geospatialexploitationproducts.com/content/socet-set-v56

SIMACTIVE Correlator3D
http://www.simactive.com/en/correlator3d/photogrammetry-software/features

Trimble Inpho Photogrammetry


http://www.trimble.com/Imaging/Inpho.aspx?tab=Geo-_Referencing_Module

You might also like