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LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this lecture you should be able to:
CONTENTS
Introduction
Volumetrics
Shale Volume
Porosity
Fluids contacts
Conclusion
VOLUMETRIC CALCULATIONS
VOLUMETRIC CALCULATIONS
VOLUMETRIC CALCULATIONS
Porosity
Net thickness
Areal extent
Hydrocarbon saturations
Reserves = OIP x Recovery Factor
Recovery Factor depends on drive mechanism and geology
VOLUMETRIC CALCULATIONS
WHO PROVIDES THE DATA
VOLUMETRIC CALCULATIONS
The steps for volumetric calculation are to:
i. Estimate the volume of the subsurface rocks by knowing
the thickness and areal extent
ii. Determine a weighted average effective porosity
iii. Obtain a reasonable water resistivity value and calculate
water saturation
Isopach maps are used to compute the bulk volume of the
reservoir (V).
To calculate volumes it is
necessary to find the areas
between isopach contours.
10
VOLUMETRIC CALCULATIONS
Gross rock volume (GRV) is the gross rock volume of the
hydrocarbon-bearing interval and is the product of the area
containing hydrocarbons and the interval thickness
Gross Sand Interval is the height of the lithologic column with
reservoir quality. i.e. the column that can potentially store
hydrocarbon (interval that satisfy the shale cut off criteria)
Gross Reservoir Interval satisfying shale and porosity cut-off
criteria
Net pay cut-offs are assigned on the basis of:
1. effective porosity (e.g. > 8%)
2. permeability (e.g. > 1 md)
3. thickness (e.g. > 1 m)
GRmax GRmin
Linear : Vsh=I
API
150
Shale
135
Sand
Point A: 90 API
Shale
GR log - GR clean
Ish (fraction) =
Sand
Shale
35
GR shale - GR clean
= 90 35 = 0.55
135 35
t= e+Vsh*t
e= t*(1- Vsh)
CONCLUSION
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