2-dimensional

streamline simulation

2016. 06. 20.

Outlines

Introduction

Objective

Theoretical background

Results & Analysis

Conclusion
Q&A

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Introduction
Process of streamline simualtion
Flow simulation

Streamline tracing

Coordinate transform
Analytical method
or

Mapping 1D solutions

Numerical method

Computation of grid block properties

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Project objective

2-D, 2-phase IMPES simulator

Streamline simulator using streamline tracing and analytic solution

Streamline simulator using streamline tracing and numerical method

Comparing IMPES, ECLIPSE 100, streamline simulation

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Theoretical background

Major assumptions
1. Incompressible flow

2. 2-D, 2-phase flow (oil-water)

3. Ignore capillary pressure

4. Ignore gravity

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IMPES 2D 2P modeling
2-D modeling method
7

2D grid block ordering

Matrix A

Additional term for matrix A in 2-D IMPES

+
+
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Theoretical background
Coordinate transform
- , , , ,

Differential form of 2-phase incompressible flow

Incompressible flow assumption

0

-coordinate Buckley-Leverett Equation

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Theoretical background
Analytic Buckley-Leverett equation solution
1

1
,

Theoretical background
Analytic Buckley-Leverett equation solution
* Advantage
1. No need to set time step and recursively update saturation
* Disadvantages
1. Ideal initial condition

Difficult to apply in
irregular initial
saturation condition

2. Difficult to update pressure field

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Theoretical background
Numerical Buckley-Leverett equation solution

nodes
i-1

i+1

streamline

* Advantages
1. 1-D finite difference problem
2. Easy to update pressure field
* Disadvantages
1. Update saturation repeatedly at each time step
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Results & analysis

Information of simulation
Reservoir parameters
Grid system

10 by 10 by 1

Grid size (x, y, and z axis)

50, 50, 50 ft

Reservoir type

Oil reservoir
Injection rates: 100 STB/day

Production constraints

ln(md)

Y Grid

I1

Production BHPs: 500 psia

Production days

5 years

Porosity

0.2

Initial water saturation

0.3

Simulation Methods

IMPES, streamline simulation,

ECLIPSE 100

X Grid

P1

Permeability distribution

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Results & analysis

WOPR (STB/day)

WWPR (STB/day)

Production rate results of each simulators

Time (days)
WOPR curves of each simulators

Time (days)
WWPR curves of each simulators

Analytical streamline simulation shows the highest difference with ECLIPSE

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Results & analysis

FOPT (MSTB)

FWPT (MSTB)

Cumulative production rate results of each simulators

Time (days)

Time (days)

FOPT curves of each simulators

FWPT curves of each simulators

Analytical streamline simulation shows the highest difference with ECLIPSE

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Results & analysis

Water saturation results : streamline simulators show difference

ECLIPSE simulator

Numerical streamline simulator

IMPES simulator

Analytical streamline simulator

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Results & analysis

Possible causes of errors
1. Accuracy of the derivative of fractional flow
1

1
,

2. Accuracy of fractional flow curve

- More accurate when more points in relative perm. curve
3. Mapping the streamline saturation to grid saturation
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Results & analysis

Sensitivity of time step number

Time (days)

N of timestep
120

WOPR (STB/day)

N of timestep
100

WOPR (STB/day)

WOPR (STB/day)

N of timestep
80

Time (days)

Time (days)

No IMPES simulation!

The stability of IMPES simulation is sensitive to time step numbers

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Conclusions
We made 2-D 2-P IMPES simulator, analytic streamline simulator
and numerical streamline simulator.

We compared their results with commercial simulator ECLIPSE 100.

Analytic streamline simulator shows the highest error with ECLIPSE

100 due to the approximation of fractional flow curve.

IMPES simulator is highly sensitive to the number of time step,

while numerical streamline simulator is less sensitive.
SNU Oil & Gas Lab

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SNU Oil & Gas Lab

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Thank you!
Any Q?