IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 2 | Issue 10 | April 2016

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Multi-Information and Advanced Economy

Assist Inbuilt Meter
Abhilash K. J
UG Student
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore

Dhiviya Rekha. R. V
UG Student
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore

Sinduya. R
UG Student
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore

Thekkilakadan Benison Joseph

UG Student
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore

Sharmila. S
Assistant Professor
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore

Abstract
The embedded system plays an important role in functioning of dash board meters of automobiles. The existing system provides
only limited information to the user. It tells the mileage as an average for certain kilometres though the value does not remain
accurate during every instant of our travel. Cost of the distance travelled by the vehicle is provided based on the distance covered
and not based on the fuel consumed by the vehicle. Further it does not provide any information about the economical speed of the
vehicle which varies with time and fuel-fill accuracy during refill. The proposed system develops a multi-information and economy
assist meter for automobiles using Atmega 8 microcontroller. The proposed project will help the customer to know the economical
speed, instantaneous mileage and additional information about the distance the vehicle can further travel with the fuel remaining
in tank, fuel-fill accuracy and the accurate cost of travel. These features that are not found in any automobiles till present day
makes our proposed project INNOVATIVE.
Keywords: economical speed; continuous mileage measurement; fuel-fill accuracy; cost of travel; distance to travel
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I.

INTRODUCTION

In the present automobile industry, the customer expectations are high, but the industry satisfies only a part of it. Thus the proposed
project comes up with a low cost MULTI-INFORMATION AND ADVANCED ECONOMY ASSIST INBUILT METER for
both low end and high priced automobiles Fuel mileage in vehicles refers to the relationship between the distances travelled by an
automobile to the amount of fuel consumed [1]. In the current scenario of fuel prices, most of the vehicle drivers seek for
economical fuel consumption. Moreover in todays world fuel saving is also an important factor. For a developing country, where
people are more obsessed with mileage, manual mathematical calculations are carried out to know the mileage of a particular
vehicle. In conventional fuel mileage calculation method, the results are obtained by two successive refuelling of the tank [2] and
also by the in vehicle parameters [3]. The drawback of this process is that the results obtained will be after a day or two and also
it is time consuming. Thus demand grows for capability to display fuel instantaneous mileage consumption in real time LCD which
is cost effective [4] [5]. Considering these situations the proposed project develops a low cost unique method and system for getting
instantaneous mileage readings in real time corresponding to the amount of fuel consumed and the distance travelled by the
motorbike. This device can run based on instantaneous mileage value and also can be added as an enhancement to existing
automobile too. The mileage readings will be shown for the actual driving conditions. Distance that could further be travelled is
calculated from the value of mileage and amount of the fuel in tank. For the cost of travel, the price of the cost and how much fuel
is consumed during the journey is taken into account. The price of the cost will not remain same. Hence the price of the cost will
be fed into the ATmega8 microcontroller through keypad4. From these data the cost of travel is calculated and displayed in LCD.
The proposed project provides fuel refill accuracy check. It helps to curb the cheating of customers at fuel station. The proposed
project provides the economical speed by comparing 10 to 20 instantaneous mileage values and the largest value among them will
be taken. Its corresponding speed value is said to be the economical speed. Finally all these values are displayed in LCD.

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II. LITERATURE REVIEW

In Jaimon Chacko Varghese al [6] this paper focuses on creating a device which can help to actively display the fuel mileage of a
motorbike in real time. It involves the making of the system to provide a mileage indicator which is reliable, easy to read and of
dependable/compatible overall design. The system will comprise a flow-meter, a control unit and a display unit. A novel flowmeter of minor size is designed and is made to fix in between the fuel tank and the engine. This flow-meter will be accountable to
receive the fuel from the fuel tank and provide it to the engine. This flow-meter will be accountable to receive the fuel from the
fuel tank and provide it to the engine. The readings will be displayed in two ways; during running conditions and during engine
idling condition.
Umesh al [7] in the proposed system the main component is micro controller unit, fuel level sensor and LCD display. The fuel
level sensor is used sensor is used to detect the level of the fuel in the tank. In this method sensors are placed at particular location
in the tank to find out the fuel level and this output signal of fuel level sensor is sent to the micro controller unit for further
processing purpose. This process signal sent by micro controller to LCD Display to indicate fuel level. The LCD connected to
dashboard of the vehicle which shows the present fuel level in litres. The fuel sensor is used to calculate consumption reading and
distance mileage of vehicle is calculated with the help of micro controller. Advantage of this method is it can display exact fuel
level available in vehicle and predicts the distance vehicle can travel. This technique can be improved by using buzzer or LED to
indicate the vehicle rider about the abnormal conditions like low fuel level and low mileage level.
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM
This project focuses on creating a device which can help to actively display the economical speed, instantaneous mileage and some
other parameters in real time. The economical speed of an vehicle is a feature which is not found in any automobiles till present
day. These features are enabled with the help of fuel level. This device gives a direct measurement of the amount of fuel present
at every instant, the detected signal is interfaced with the ATMEGA 8 Microcontroller. With help of developed algorithm, amount
of fuel, accurate mileage, economical speed, cost of travel, fuel-fill accuracy at fuel station and distance that the vehicle can travel
further has been calculated and displayed with help of LCD.
IV. BLOCK DIAGRAM
The block diagram consists of mainly ATMEGA 8 microcontroller, DC Motor, U Slot sensor, Fuel Tank, Float sensor, Keypad 4,
LCD Display.In this project DC motor blade are placed between the u-slot sensors.The wheel rotating in the u-slot sensor gives
the pulse to the micro controller. The counter will count pulses and calculate the revolution per minute (RPM) by which we can
measure speed of the vehicle. If we know the diameter of the vehicle wheel, the distance that the vehicle has travelled can be
calculated. The fuel is monitored by fuel level sensor and connected to microcontroller. Fuel level sensor is a transducer which
generates voltage depending on the fuel level. All above measured information are displayed in 16*4 LCD.

Fig. 1: Block diagram of Multi information and Economy assist inbuilt meter circuit.

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Pulse Width Modulation FOR DC SHUNT MOTOR (PWM):

The speed of a motor is controlled by regulate the amount of voltage across its terminals and this can be achieved using Pulse
Width Modulation or PWM. The Pulse width Modulation is generated by using 555 timers as shown in Figure 2

Fig. 2: PWM generator for dc motor

U Slot Sensor:
When light emitted by the IR LED is blocked because of alternating slots of the encoder disc logic level of the photo diode changes.
This change in the logic level can be sensed by the microcontroller. This sensor is used to give position feedback to the microcontroller.
Float Sensor:
Float Sensors are used to sense the level of liquid. Float Sensors contain variable coil in the stem and a plastic roller in the Float.
As the Float rises or falls with the level of liquid the variable coil is varied by roller in the float.

Fig. 3: Float sensor placed in fuel tank

Keypad:
A keypad is a set of buttons arranged in a block or "pad". Normally microcontroller input ports with internal pull-ups value that is
high. In this we are discussing keypad 4, for that one of the terminal of 4 keypad get grounded, so that if we press any key in
keypad it will sensed by the controller.

Fig. 4: Circuit diagram of Keypad-4

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ATMEGA 8 Micro Controller:

The AVR is a modified Harvard architecture 8-bit RISC single-chip microcontroller, which was developed by Atmel in 1996. The
AVR was one of the first microcontroller families to use on-chip flash memory for program storage, as opposed to one-time
programmable ROM, EPROM, or EEPROM used by other microcontrollers at the time.
Features:
- High-performance, Low-power Atmel AVR 8-bit
Microcontroller
- Advanced RISC Architecture
V. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
This project is designed with fuel level sensor, ATMEGA 8 micro controller, 16X4 LCD display u-slot sensor, and keypad

Fig. 5: Overall Project Kit

VI. CALCULATION
-

Distance formula =N2r3600/1000 km/hr

where N = number of revolutions r=radius of the armature(DC motor)
Further distance travelled = Mileageamount of fuel in tank.
Cost of travel = [Price of fuel(fuel in the tank at starting of journeyfuel remaining at the end of journey)]
Fuel refill check = [Prize of cost(fuel in tank at the time of resetfuel in tank at the time of back)]
VII. RESULTS AND JUSTIFICATIONS

ECONOMICAL SPEED
Table 1
Speedometer value vs. Mileage value
Speedometer Value (kmph) Fuel consumption (ml) Mileage values(kmpl)
10
18
4.8
30
9
5.0
40
6.5
5.3
48
4.9
5.6
70
6.2
4.8

The graph is plotted between Fuel consumption vs. Speed as shown in Figure 5.8.

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Fig. 6: Fuel consumption Vs Speed

The value of speed corresponding to the lowest value of fuel consumption is said to be Economical Speed.
Thus from the above given mileage values, the largest value among them is found to be 5.6. Hence the economical speed is 48kmph.
Economical Speed= 48 kmph
All the parameters are displayed in the LCD as shown in the figure below.

Fig. 7: Result displayed in LCD

VIII. CONCLUSION
The proposed system develops a multi-information and economy assist meter for automobiles using ATmega8 microcontroller.
The proposed project will help the customer to know the economical speed, instantaneous mileage and additional information
about the distance the vehicle can further travel with the fuel remaining in tank, fuel-fill accuracy and the accurate cost of travel.
Future Scope:
The proposed system can be fixed to any automobiles like government buses where a target is given to the drivers (example 5kmpl).
With the help of economical speed displayed on the lcd, the driver will know the speed at which the highest mileage is delivered
by his vehicle. It will also help the customers to know the working condition of the engine with the help of mileage of the vehicle.
At present the travel fare in cabs and taxis are not uniform globally because charges are based on the distance travelled. By the
implementation of this project in vehicles, the fare charged becomes more accurate since it is based on the fuel consumed by the
vehicle. These are some of the future scope of this project.
REFERENCES
[1]

Farrell G. Butler, Gasoline Mileage Indicator System, US Patent 3958453, May 1976.

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[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]

Kosuge, et al, Method and apparatus for indicating mileage corresponding to remaining fuel for vehicles, US Patent 4400779, August 1983.
Min Goo Lee, Yong Kuk Park, Kyung Kwon Jung and Jun Jae Yoo, Estimation of Fuel Consumption using In-Vehicle Parameters International Journal of
u- and e- Service, Science and Technology, Vol. 4, No. 4, December, 2011.
Rashmi R, Mrs.Rukmini Durgale, The Novel of Embedded Based Digital Fuel Gauge International Conference on Computing and Control Engineering
(ICCCE 2012), 12 & 13 April, 2012.
Altera Corp, Creating Low-Cost Intelligent Display Modules with an FPGA and Embedded Processor v 1.0, September 2008.
Jaimon Chacko Varghese Low Cost Intelligent Real Time Fuel Mileage Indicator for Motorbikes International Journal of Innovative Technology and
Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-2, Issue-5, April 2013.
Umesh A Review on Different Mileage Indication Techniques for Two-Wheeler (ARDIJEEET) ISSN2320-883X, VOLUME 3 ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015.
Lei Kang Eco Drive: A Mobile Sensing and Control System for Fuel Efficient Driving University of Wisconsin-Madison

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