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53.3 ft lb 8.314 kJ
lb o R k mol
K
On page 380, Example 7.13, second column, revised calculations to show the
calculated value of Pr as follows:
62.4 lb
3
ft
Pr 15ft 1ft
760 mm Hg
1ft 2
14.7 psia
2
760 mm Hg
144in
Pr 21psia
On page 381 in the bottom right column, replace the specific weight of air
0.0175 lb air
ft 3air
with
0.075 lb air
ft 3 air
lb O 2
ft 3
scfm 4.2 10
d 0.075lb
4
lb air
0.23lb O 2
d
h
1
0.10
24 h 60 min
1.69 104
On page 381 at top left, mixing air should be calculated as follows:
1.69 104 scfm 7.48 gal
Mixing air
103 ft 3
3 3
10 ft
88scfm
103 ft 3
June 2, 2015
On page 381 after calculating mixing air, replace 7,300 scfm with 16,900
scfm.
At bottom of page 381 in left column, recalculate air and mass required at a
different temperature and pressure:
760 mm 560 oR
1.79 10 4 cfm
o
760 mm 528 R
lb min
lb
w RT1 p2
Pw
C1 n e p1
0.283
(7.177)
ft lb
o
20.9 lb s 53.3
560 R
lb
air
Pw
ft lb
550 s hp 0.283 0.75
21psia
14.7 psia
0.283
568 hp
bhp = 568
mhp = motor horsepower
mhp =
bhp
em
mhp =
568 hp
598 600 hp
0.95
On page 382, Figure 7.37, replace Trickling filter humus sludger, with
Trickling filter humus sludge.
June 2, 2015
kg
3
d m
lb
d 103 ft 3
W1
V
W2
V
kg
3
d m
0.5
D S1
k2 k1 1
D2 S 2
k2 0.078 gpm
0.5
0.5
0.078 gpm
0.5
20 ft 135 mg L
ft
20 ft 135 mg L
0.5
0.5
ft 2
20 C
1.035
T C 20C
0.5
0.078 gpm
0.5
/ ft 2 1.035
16C 20C
/ ft 2
The hydraulic loading rate, q, is determined by substituting the appropriate values into Equation
(7.187).
n
Se
e k D q
So
0.5
2
20 mg L
e 0.068 gpm /ft 20ft
135 mg L
0.5
0.068 gpm
0.5
q 0.5
/ ft 2 20 ft
20 mg L
135 mg L
ln
10.5
0.5
0.068 gpm / ft 2 20 ft
20 mg L
ln
135 mg L
0.51
gpm
ft 2
The surface area of the biotowers can now be determined by dividing the volumetric flow rate by
the hydraulic loading rate as follows:
June 2, 2015
Across section
Across section
biotower
5.45 10 ft
2
q
0.51gpm ft 24 h 60 min
5.45 103 ft 2
2.73 103 ft 2
2
2.53 103 ft 2
29.5 ft 30 ft
The volume of the biotower media is determined by multiplying the cross sectional area by the
depth or height.
2
V r 2 D 30 ft 20 ft 5.65 104 ft 3
VTotal 5.65 104 ft 3 2 biotowers = 1.13 105 ft 3
The minimum wetting rate has been specified as 0.75 gpm/ft2 so the sum of the hydraulic loading
rate (q) and recycle loading rate (qr) must be at least equal to or greater than the minimum
wetting rate.
q qr 0.75 gpm ft 2
2
qr 0.75 gpm ft 2 0.51 gpm ft 2 0.24 gpm ft
qr 0.21gpm ft 2
q 0.51gpm ft 2
0.47
g
g
= 165 3
3
m
m
g
g
0.5 82.5 3
3
m
m
m3
g
g
Number of Shafts
3.49 104 m 2
3.8 4.0shafts per stage
9,300 m 2 shaft
Assume there are four treatment trains and three stages with 4.0 shafts per stage.
Solution Part B
Next, calculate the flow per train.
June 2, 2015
4 trains
train
3
3
Q 1.585 10 m d
m
Calculate the soluble BOD5 from each stage using Equation(7.189).
S1
S1
S2
S2
S3
S3
1 1 4 0.00974 As Q S0
2 0.00974 As
2 0.00974 5.9 d m
1 4 0.00974 As Q S1
2 0.00974 As
2 0.00974 5.9 d m
15.8 g
m3
1 4 0.00974 As Q S2
2 0.00974 As
2 0.00974 5.9 d m
Solution Part C
The soluble organic loading on the first-stage is calculated below.
June 2, 2015
30.2 g
m3
6.3410
loading
m 3 d 82.5g m 3
4 shafts 9,300 m 2
shaft
14.1
g sBOD5
m d
2
g sBOD 5
Solution Part D
The total organic loading on the RBC WWTP is calculated as follows.
6.3410
m 3 d 165g m 3
shaft
9.4
g BOD5
m d
2
g BOD5
Within range 8 20
2
Solution Part E
The hydraulic loading on the RBC WWTP is calculated as follows.
6.34103 m 3 d
m3
0.057 2
Hydraulic loading
m d
3stages 4shafts stage 9,300 m 2 shaft
m3
Slightly below range 0.08 - 0.16 2 but should work.
m d
On page 442, problem 28, the units should be in Lps/m2 as shown below.
c. The recycle flow (Lps/m2) around the biotowers if the minimum wetting rate is 0.5 Lps/m2
and the recycle ratio, R.
On page 444, problem 32, use a safety factor of 1.5 rather than 1.25.
On page 444, problem 33 should read as follows:
33. A 4-stage Bardenpho process is to be designed to meet a 5/5/3/ mg/L effluent standard for
BOD5, TSS, and TN, respectively. The influent wastewater characteristics, mixed liquor
parameters, and biokinetic coefficients to be used in design are presented in the tables below.
Assume that the influent ammonium concentration is equal to the TKN concentration, RAS flow
= 1Q and MLR flow = 4Q, DO in the RAS and MLR recycle is 1.0 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L entering
the second anoxic zone.
Wastewater characterization
Influent
Mixed liquor
3
Q
56,775 m /d
DO
pH
7.2
MLSS =
Minimum
18C
MLVSS
temperature
TKN
30 mg/L
KDO
Alkalinity
250 mg/L as CaCO3 MLVSS
BOD5
200 mg/L
TSS
167 mg/L
Inerts (XL)
50 mg/L
Heterotrophic biokinetic coefficients at 20C
Coefficient
Coefficient
Y
0.6 g VSS/g BOD5
kd
-1
k
4.4 d
Ks
Nitrosomonas biokinetic coefficients at 20C
Coefficient
Coefficient
+
YNS
NH 4 -N (kd)NS
0.15 g VSS/g
kNS
2.6 d-1
(Ks)NS
2.0 mg/L
3,500 mg/L
0.70 MLSS
0.5 mg/L
2,625 mg/L
0.055 d-1
60 mg/L BOD5
0.046 d-1
NH +4 -N
0.67 mg/L
Heterotrophic biokinetic coefficients at 18C
Coefficient
Coefficient
Y
0.6 g VSS/g BOD5
kd
k
3.8 d-1
Ks
Nitrosomonas biokinetic coefficients at 18C
Coefficient
Coefficient
June 2, 2015
0.051 d-1
60 mg/L BOD5
YNS
kNS
NH +4 -N
0.15 g VSS/g
2.3 d-1
(kd)NS
(Ks)NS
0.043 d-1
NH +4 -N
0.60 mg/L
A temperature correction coefficient () of 1.04 should be used for correcting both the
heterotrophic and Nitrosomonas kd values; whereas a of 1.07 should be used for correcting both
the heterotrophic and Nitrosomonas k values. The heterotrophic Ks value is corrected with a of
1.00 and the Nitrosomonas Ks is corrected with a theta value of 1.053. All temperature correction
coefficients were obtained from Metcalf and Eddy (2003). Use a safety factor of 2.5 and peaking
factor of 1.2 and assume that Fn = 0.10.
June 2, 2015
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