6/27/2013

Data Communications and

Networking

What is a Network?
Defined as two or more computing
devices connected together in such a way
that they can share resources
Resources:

files
folders
printers
disk drives
etc.
BCA 10

What is a Network?

What is Networking?

A collection of computers or other

hardware devices that are connected
together, either physically or logically,
using special hardware and software, to
allow them to exchange information and
cooperate

BCA 10

Term that describes the process involved

in designing, implementing, upgrading,
managing, and otherwise working with
networks and network technologies

BCA 10

Advantages of Networking

Disadvantages of Networking

Connectivity and Communication

Data Sharing
Hardware Sharing
Internet Access
Internet Access Sharing
Data Security and Management
Performance Enhancement and Balancing
Entertainment

BCA 10

Cost of setup
Management and administration costs
Undesirable sharing
Illegal or undesirable behavior
Data security concerns

BCA 10

6/27/2013

Network Interface Card (NIC)

Basic Components of a Network

Circuit board that fits in one of the

computers internal expansion slots
Contains circuitry that handles sending,
receiving, and error checking of
transmitted data

Server

core component of the network

provides link to the resources necessary to
perform any task

Client

requests and receives information over the

network client
depends primarily on central server for
processing activities

Circuit

cables, ports and other devices that connect the

server and the client computers

BCA 10

Key Points in Networking

BCA 10

Network Classifications

Important characteristics that influence

transmission technologies and
communication protocols

Networks are classified according to area

over which they extend
Size and extension depend on number of
nodes that need to communicate, and where
these nodes are in relation to each other

Network Classifications

BCA 10

10

Network Classifications

LAN (local area network)

data communications network the connects

personal computers within a very limited
geographical area
school computer labs
home networks

BCA 10

PAN (personal area network)

refer to the interconnection of personal
digital devices or consumer electronics w/n
the range of 30ft (10m) and without the use
of wires or cables

size
shape

BCA 10

MAN (metropolitan area network)

public high-speed network capable of voice
and data transmission within the range of
50mi (80km)
ISPs
small cable TV companies
local telephone companies

11

BCA 10

12

6/27/2013

Network Classifications

Network Topologies

WAN (wide area network)

Architectural drawings to show the

overall physical configuration for a given
communications system
Indicates the access methods and governs
the rules that are used to design and
implement the communication system

covers large geographical area and usually

consists of smaller networks
nationwide banks
large cable TV companies
multi-location superstores
internet

BCA 10

13

Network Topologies

Bus topology

BCA 10

14

Network Topologies

Single electrical circuit to which all devices in

network are connected

Star topology
individual computers are connected to a
central device such as a hub or a switch

15

Network Topologies

BCA 10

BCA 10

16

Communications Model

Ring topology
a collection of
separate point-topoint links arranged to
make a ring
each nodes NIC has
one input and one
output connection
so each node has two
links

Source
Destination System

Transmitter

Transmission
System

Receiver

Source System
Destination

BCA 10

17

BCA 10

18

6/27/2013

Communications Model
Personal Computer

Modem

Modem
Broadband
Connection

BCA 10

Server

19