Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams For Vanadium Steels

ATLAS OF CONTINUOUS COOLING TRANSFORMATION DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS Prepared by VANITEC Vanadium International Technical Committee Winterton House (P.O. Box 9) dune 1985 High Street, Westerham, Kent, TN16 1Ad England.VANITEC The Vanadium International Technical Committee (VANITEC) is a committee of rep- resentatives of companies involved in the mining of vanadium ores, processing of ores to produce oxides of vanadium or slags containing them, and. manufacturers of ferro vanadium and other vanadium additions for steel and titanium alloys and manufacturers of vanadium chemicals. The object of VANITEC is to promote the use of vanadium bearing materials and thereby to increase the consumption of vanadium, To this end it organises research on the properties of vanadium bearing materials, issues publication, (both original publications specifically prepared by its members or other organisations and reprints of papers from the technical press). In addition from time to time it organises seminars and conferences in various parts of the world. In 1981 at the time of the sesquicentennial anniversary of the discovery of vanadium VANITEC endowed an award to be presented by the Metals Society each year to the author(s) of the best published paper on vanadium bearing materials. The award winning papers are reprinted by VANITEC.CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TABLE OF STEEL COMPOSITIONS CONTINUOUS COOLING TRANSFORMATION DIAGRAMS Structural Steels (As Rolled) Vanadium 0.45% Vanadium Vanadium-Niobium ‘Vanadium-Niobitim-Molybdenum Vanadium-Niobium-Titanium Vanadium-Molybdenum ‘Vanadium-Nitrogen Vanadium-Nickel Vanadium-Titanium Structural Steels (Quenched and Tempered) Weld Metal Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steels Vanadium Vanadium-Chromium Vanadium-Molybdenum Vanadium-Chromium-Molybdenum ‘Vanadium-Chromium-Molybdenum-Nickel-Titanium ‘Vanadium-Chromium-Molybdenum-Nickel ‘Spring Steels High Temperature Creep Resisting Steels Stainless Irons Rail Stes Prestressed Concrete Wires Tool and Die Steels Page u ul 32 4 49 61 67 n 103 104 104 108 110 16 144 147 171 182 192 197 200 202ATLAS OF CONTINUOUS COOLING TRANSFORMATION DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS INTRODUCTION A full understanding of the microstructure and hence of the properties of a steel can only be obtained from a comprehensive knowledge of its transformation characteristics. Although many types of vanadium steels are in general use, metallurgists are still involved in developing new steels and fabrication techniques to meet the changing conditions of manufacture and the advancing requirements of engineers. In recent years the uses of vanadium in various types of steel have been extended and in particular the role of vanadium as a hardenability agent has been exploited especially in heat treated structural and engineering steels, carburising steels and in “As forged” steels (which are replacing many carbon and low alloy heat treated steels). In the development of new steel compositions as well as for the controlof heat treatment and fabrication processes for established. steels, continuous cooling diagrams are, therefore, a valuable if not essential tool in the hands of the metallurgist and engineer. Many CCT diagrams have been published for vanadium steels and these, together with others which have hitherto not been published, have been collected together in this Atlas. Increasing attention is also being given to the structure and properties, of the heat affected zone and of the weld metal of welded structures and a knowledge of the transformation characteristics of steels under high cooling rates is of particular importance to the welding technologist involved in the development and control of welding processes and this Atlas should provide useful information for those concerned with these processes. The transformation behaviour of a steel can be significantly influenced by its thermomechanical history especially if this affects the austenitic grain size. Where possible, therefore, the metallurgical history and austenitic grain sizes have been presented with the CCT diagrams. Unfortunately, however, in many cases this information was not available. In some cases the CCT diagrams for non vanadium steels and vanadium steels of otherwise identical composition and thermomechanical history, were available. In these cases the two diagrams have been super-imposed to show the effect of vanadium on a particular steel composition. Isothermal transformation diagrams have been derived for some steels and these have been included in the Atlas especially for steels where CCT diagrams are not available. In order to help reference the two hundred diagrams have been classified under steel types based on steel compositions and in some classifications sub categories have been used. Within each category or sub category, the steels are arranged firstly in order of increasing carbon and then in order of increasing vanadium content. It is appreciated, however, that while the broad classification is probably correct, some steels could be considered as belonging to more than one category. ‘Many of the diagrams have been taken from published work and appropriate references have been given with the diagrams. A large number of the diagrams have also been supplied by individual organisations from their unpublished records. VANITEC wishes to express its appreciation to all those concerned for their cooperation and for their permission to publish the diagrams in this Atlas. VANITEC also wishes to acknowledge the help of people who have helped in directing them to some of the published diagrams. Arthur M. Sage Chairman\VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS TABLE OF STEEL COMPOSITIONS Steel C Mn Si S P Gr Ni Mo V No. STRUCTURAL STEELS(AS ROLLED) ‘Vanadium Steels 1 004 19 O11 0021 0019 - - - 009 2 006 1.95 0.29 0.003 0.010 - 001 0.25 3 007 194 0.30 0.003 0.009 - - ool O14 4 009 148 0.25 0.060 0.014 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.04 5 O1l 123 031 0.018 0031 ~ - - 008 6 O11 123 031 0018 0031 - - - 008 7 O11 140 055 - 0.06 8 0.14 152 048 0.008 Oo - - - 007 9 0.14 1.53 0.36 0.008 0.009 0.06 0.03 0.01 0.04 10 0.15 0.90 0.40 - = = = 00s IL 0.15 1.30 027 0.009 0.010 0.15 O15 0.04 0.13 12 016 1.30 0035 = = = 007 13 016 1.30 0035 - ee OB 14 0.16 142 0.44 0.021 0.032 = = 003 15 0.19 144 037 0007 0.011 0.10 0.08 001 0.17 16 0.20 145 930 0005 0.012 0.11 0.10 0.02 008 17 020 1.46 034 0008 0.013 0.12 0.10 002 0.14 0.45% Vanadium Steels 18 0.06 1.94 030 0.003 0.009 - - - 045 19 0.06 2.00 037 0.005 0.006 - = 04s 20 007 1.99 0.25 0.008 0013 - - - 048 21 007 1.90 0.24 0.006 0010 - = 008 043 ‘Vanadium-Niobium Steels 2 005 182 039 0.012 0018 - - - 006 23 0.06 121 025 0.001 0015 - 031 - 007 24 006 169 0.25 0.001 0015 - 031 - 0.08 25 0.06 233 0.38 0.008 0.025 040 001 0.01 0.08 26 007 135 0.29 0.00 0005 - ~ 0.08, 27 008 1.52 037 0.007 0.023 0.21 010 - 0.10 2B 0.10 153 035 0.010 0013 - - 001 007 29 0.10 148 0.36 0.008 0.014 = 002 30 O11 1.60 030 0.002 0017 - - - 009 ‘Vanadium-Niobium-Molybdenum Steels 31 0.06 082 0.26 0.001 0015 - - 025 008 32 006 121 025 0.001 0014 - - 025 008 33 007 149 0.26 001 0.015 - - 025 0.08 34 0.09 1.03 0.28 0.015 0810 0.01 0.01 031 0.10 0.003 0.005 id) 0.055, 0.043 0.043, 0.048 0.025 0.05 0.05 0.023 0.032 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.09 0.02 O19 0.20 014 019 0.30 0.30 001 034 0.02 0.037 0.038, 0.047 0.057 0.02 0.013 0.013 0.042 0.03 oo 0.03 0.029 0.029 0.038 0.06 oon 041 0.040, 0.035 0.036 0.020 0.045 0.046 0.021 0.04 0.036 0.036 0.021 0,009 0.008 0.007 0.005 0.005 0.14 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.012 0.009 0.009 0.008 0.009 out 0.003 0.003 0.006 0.008 0.007 0,003 0,003 0.003‘VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT ANDITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS Stel No. Mn si s P Cr Ni Mo ‘Vanadium-Niobium-Molybdenum Steels continued 172 0.28 0.005 0.016 35 36 cy ‘Vanadium-Niobium-Titanium Steels 38 39 40 a 2 a 4 45 46 4 48 49 50 012 04 ous. 0.10 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.2 ous 0.17 44 1.60 0.3 0.50 0.007 150 037 0.007 ‘Vanadium-Molybdenum Steels 119 19 19 19 1.96 17 1.46 132 137 0.83 1.39 134 0.30 oun oul On 0.32 oud 0.47 0.49 030 0.40 0.44 Yanadium-Nitrogen Steels 0.076 2.79 31 2 53 st 58 56 0.16 0.17 O17 019 021 1.40 1.75 148 155 1.52 0.40 0.20 0.30 0.32 0.40 ‘Vanadium-Nickel Steels ST 0.15 071 ‘Vanadium-Titanium Steels 38 9 60. 0.05 0.06 0.10 Lay 127 LSI 0.28 0.26 030 0d 0.001 0021 0.021 0.021 0.003 0.003 0.008 0.008 0.005 0.013 0.006, 0.012 0.021 0.005 0.023 0.005 015 0.080 0.008, oon 011 0.002 0.019 0019 0.019 0.006 0.018 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.016 0.012 0.004 0.034 0.013 0.022 0.007 0.016 0.009 0.033 0.07 0.20 0.02 0.20 0.01 0.01 0.53 0.01 0.25 0.01 0.23 0.30 0.02 0.02 01 0.01 1 0.02 0.08 0.57 007 107 001 0.20 0.04 0.10 0.33 019 0.19 034 08. 0.50 0.25 027 0.27 049 027 047 0.05 01 STRUCTURAL STEELS QUENCHED & TEMPERED e2e2 6 6 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10 ou oun 094 0.59 101 0.82 2.00 0.76 0.52 gs 0.28 0.87 0.32 0.29 1.09 0.22 0.26 031 0.008 0.010 0,009 0.013, 0.005 0.007 0.012 0.009 0.010 o.015 O01 oo19 0.012 0.012 0.007 0.007 0.10 2.00 0.52 0.12 1.80 0.68 036 0st 2.54 149 185 085 492 130 0.64 0.56 0.52 0.83 0.65 0.48 0.83 0.48 0.06 0.10 0.10 0.02 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.22 0.10 0.03 005 00s 0.03 0.05 04 08. oul 0.10 ous 013 013 0.08 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.37 0.05 0.04 ous 0.07 0.08 0.03 0.023 oo1 0.013 ous. 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.023 0.01 0.002 0.005 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.48 030 0.01 01 001 030 oot ous. 201 0.07 025 0.01 021 0.10 027 0.068 0.028 0.044 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.035 0.064 0.066 0.031 0.018 0.010 0.046 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.045, 0.033 0.029 0.055 0.031 0.04 0.077 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.005, 0.020 0.004 0.006 0.005 0.018 0.038 0.018 0.017 0.019\VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS Steal C No. Mn si s P C@ oN Mo V STRUCTURAL STEELS QUENCHED & TEMPERED continued 0 70 n n B 4, 15 16 7 B p 80 81 2 B 84 85 86 87 88 99 90 an Oy ul oz 012 0.12 02 0.13 O13 0.13 O14 ous ous 016 0.16 017 17 04 ous ous O14 0.20 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.26 0.26 0.56 0.75 0.s7 0.73 0.55 on 116 0.60 0.53 0.67 0.57 112 0.50 0.84 0.79 0.50 3.06 0.77 0.60- 1.00 145 0.53 0.22 0.75 167 WELD METAL 8 0.08 1.05 0.28 0.06 0.29 0.37 0.68 0.56 031 0.29 0.54 0.48, 0.28 0.22 031 0.54 0.27 0.30 0.59 020 0.17- 037 0.30 0.30 0.22 0.26 0.30 0.005 0.008 0.003 0.010 0.017 0.016 0.006 0.024 0019 0.008 oo14 ool 0.020 0.005 0.005 O01 0.070 0.006 0.004 0014 001s 017 0.007 0.008 0.012 0018 0.010 0.022 0.044 0.013, 0.030 0.013 0.019 0.009 0.008 0.020 0.010 0.070 0.020 018 ois 0.010 0.023 1.08 0.57 047 518 2.05 543 023 0.98 1.43 1.20 0.63 0.99 1.95 0.89 0.08 0.38 0.14 127 0.25 0.98 Ls 1.70 04s 0.05 020 0.04 2.62 1.86 001 001 025 ost 12 2.02 005 4s 0.03 0.04 425 0.25 001 0.03 3.60 081 0.03 2.00 031 0.48, 08 Oss 055 0.47 0.27 031 0.54 061 0.02 0.03 0.40 047 0.55 0.46 0.45 0.45 0.29 0.53 061 oul 0.75 QUENCHED AND TEMPERED ENGINEERING STEELS ‘Vanadium Steels 94 95 96 ” ‘Vanadium-Chromium Steels 98 9 100 101 102 0.34 035 038 04s 131 162 1.63 134 0.24 0.47 0.30 145 043 067 0.28 0.28 036 0.11 ‘Vanadium-Motybdenum Steels 0.23 0.65 0.30 0.030 0.30 0.35 191 151 0.34 0.28 0.008, 0016 0013 0.004 0.009 0.007 0.0013 0.10 0.10 0.020 0.01 0.018 0.022 0.008 0.013 0.016 015 0.32 257 012 0.04 00s 0.01 12 0.03 0.50 0.67 1.29 0.22 0.05 007 0.24 0.32 0.20 0.05 0.20 0.03 031 0.30 001 oot 001 0.02 0.27 009 0.10 0.05- 0.09 0.03 021 012 0.05 0.06 025 0.10 Out 0.07 0.10 0.10 035 0.03 0.07 021 Ti - 003 0.002 0.25 0.0014 — 01 0.006 0.010 - 001 - 002 - 01s - 007 - 016 - 001 - 0.09 - 028 - 001 - Olt - 001 - 014 - 001 = 0.08 - 010 0,002 0.062 01 0.010 0.032 0.015 0.03 0.031 0.010 0018 0.020 0.021 ~~ (0.26) = (W032) = (W019) (W888)VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT ANDITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS Steel C No. Mn Si s P ‘Vanadium-Molybdenum Steels continued 065 030 0.030 0.013 033. 216 0.32 0.58 0.65 0.30 0.030 0.013 ‘Vanadium-Chromium-Molybdenum Steels 0.69 0.29 0.014 032 - 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 no m1 12 113 4 us 116 w 18 ug 120 121 122 123 18 125 ‘Vanadium-Chromium 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 031 0.36 0.40 0.38 0.38 0.38 039 0.40 0.40 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.44 0.44 04s 0.47 0.47 0.55 0.55 0.58 0.38 039 0.40 ous. 0.24 0.24 024 0.24 0.26 0.27 032 032 032 033 Lid 114 0.87 0.48 0.60 0.60 0.90 167 1.67 075 0.66 0.75 104 1.04 082 0.98 0.98 081 0.78 0.76 075 0.86 1.06 035 0.74 035 0.76 1.36 0.40 ost 0.72 089 1.05 1.05 018 0.94 1.00 1.00 0332 0.28 0.28 0.27 922 0.26 035 035 0.35 0.22 0.22 0.89 0.29 0.29 021 0.13 025 013 0.32 0.50 0.40 0.24 0.019 0.019 0.008 0.005 0.003 0.003, 0.008 0.008 oon 0.029 0.019 0.012 0.012 0.015 0.013 0.013. 0.006 oon 0.041 0.035, 0.027 0.013 01 ool 0.021 0.021 oo11 0.022. 0916 0.032 0.032, 0.035 0.017 0.017 0013 a 0.12 0.12 1.09 415- 5.50 0.23 023 154 5.53 5.00 5.00 0.30 032 032 131 os 1.70 12 1.20 1.20 1.02 1.02 127 0.030 0.005 0.99 0.28 0.033 0.007 0.99 027 0.034 0.007 ‘Vanadium-Chromium-Molybdenum-Nickel Steels 0.012 0.020 0.008 0.016 0.008 0.012 0.006 0,009 0.018 0014 0.03 0.012 0.03 0014 0016 0.008 0.96 0.57 0.79 11s 0.37 15 1.08 0.58 1.43 137 0.82 1.13 Ni 0.05 2.02 0.05 0.08 O01 0.04 Out Out Our 0.17 0s 0.05 0.04 ool oot 0.06 1-Molybdenum-Nickel-Titanium Steels 14 ould 013 0.87 18 3.50 0.67 3.50 0.72 0.68 3.30 3.02 1.70 ous Mo 0.50 0.64 0.50 0.07 1.10- 175 0.63 087 1.30 1.30 0.03 0.03 0.72 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.07 0.03 0.07 0.48 0.02 0.49 0.52 0.49 1.25 0.34 0.33 0.48 031 119 0.03, 4 903 01 0.80- 1.20 0.02 0.02 0.27 0.48 0.40 0.40 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.23 0.02 0.09 0.13 012. oul oll ol ol 0.06 0.12 0.06 0.05 0.10 0.2 0.03 0.2 031 0.08 019 018 017 0.22 Ti 0.021 0.047 0.035 0.08 0.08 uz 18. 0.16 016 014, 0.07 0.07 4 0.20 021 0.20 0.29 017 0.051 0.051 0.010 0.010 0.010‘VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS Stel C Mn Si S P Cr Ni Mo No. ‘Vanadium-Chromium-Molybdenum-Nickel Steels continued 140 033 0.39 0.16 0.005 0.004 1.09 3.60 0.72 141 034 0.26 0.13 0907 0010 061 5.10 0.53 142 034 062 0.27 0.010 0.006 1.22 2.80 0.50 143 037 083 035 0.006 0.017 087 1.70 118 144 038 0.46 0.26 0.008 0.019 294 045 0.45 145 0.39 0.75 0.26 0.033 0.008 094 0.19 0.03 146 039 0.77 039 0.032 0.006 0.96 0.14 0.08 147 0.40 0.83 033 0.007 0011 1.00 1.75 0.46 148 040 035 0.20 0.015 0.010 1.27 403 0.24 149 049 0.78 0.26 0.012 0018 1.04 0.50 0.96 150 052 0.70 0.29 0.010 0.010 1.09 1.12 0.43 151 056 0.67 0.31 0023 0012 0.76 153 0.24 SPRING STEELS 152 027 0.77 139 - ~ 1.64 0.20 0.56 133 030 069 140 - - 078 171 031 154 032 086 1.54 0.014 0.024 101 051 0.49 155 033 086 1.62 0.014 0.024 081 180 0.40 156 034 098 137 - - 095 182 042 157 035 086 1.55 0.014 0.023 121 0.21 0.8 158 035 086 158 0.014 0024 150 0.23 0.38 159 043 083 155 - - 091 302 0.40 160 051 0.72 027 002% 0021 094 - = 161 0.55 0.50 087 0.035 002 010 0.10 055 162 064 0.73 082 0011 0014 126 005 - HIGH TEMPERATURE CREEP RESISTING STEELS 163 0.11 053 035 0.010 0.015 2.28 0.04 1.00 164 0.12 047 0.31 0010 0.014 216 0.16 0.88 165 0.12 0.65 0.26 0.015 0.007 1.16 0.01 1.02 166 0.13 0.63 032 0.012 0.016 0.95 0.07 0.86 167 0.15 092 — - - 0.50 088 0.46 168 0.18 0.53 0.26 0.007 0.012 1.00 - 0.96 169 0.20 0.45 — - - - - - 170 0.21 048 097 - - 292 - 171 0.24 045 097 — - - 292 - Im 034 O71 - - - ~ 252 042 STAINLESS IRONS 13 020 - - - - 120 - 100 174 0.20 048 036 0.012 0.016 12.80 0.13 0.03 175 0.20 051 0.33 -0.006 0.022 11.80 0.49 1.00 0.12 0,002 0.09 - 0.09 = ous. - ai - 0,003 0.007 O12 - 0.04 - 0.09 O14 = O14 — 007 - 004 - 007 - 007 - O14 = 0.05 — 007 012 = 020 - 02 - 016 - 0.20 - O17 026 - O19 = 0.06 - 019 — 103 ~ 109 — 1.09 - 0.02 0.30 ~ 005 ~ og - 0.013 0.03 093 005 0.02 0.32 ool 0.03 00s 021 021 ost 016 0.06 0.037 0.040 0.037 0.039 0.006 oot 001 001 001 0.022, 0.020 0.021 0.022 0.03610 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT ANDITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS TABLE OF STEEL COMPOSITIONS Steel No. c Mn si s STAINLESS IRONS continued 176 17 RAIL STEELS 178 179 180 0.22 0.44 0.65 0.73 0.78 0.52 0.20 14 0.77 161 0.30 0.40 0.27 0.48. 0.010 0015 0.010 0.028 P 0.025 0.024 0012 014 PRESTRESSED CONCRETE WIRES 181 182 067 0.69) 139 141 0.75 0.70 TOOL AND DIE STEELS 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 028 037 039 0.55 0.55 0.15 0.75 0.76 085 087 080 081 0.85 097 0.92 1.06 Lu Laz 13 2.00 2.08 219 2.50 0.39 051 0.45 0.34 0.90 031 0.70 0.29 031 0.32 0.30 0.33 0.65 os 034 0.65 0.48 ost 0.65 0.39 0.32 016 1.00 0.58 094 1.00 0.22 022 030 027 023 ous 030 031 035 030 0.24 0.50 0.30 0.28 0.26 0.009 0.009 0.006 0.003 0.012 0.019 0.008 0.010 0.005 0.005 0.003 0.030 0.006 0.019 0.030 0.004 0.022, 0.030 012 0.008 o.015 0.030 0.020 0.018 0015 0.025 0.008 0.015 0.020 0.019 0.024 0.013 0.035 0.025 0.013, 0.012 0.025, 0.013 0.017 0.027 cr 1312 Las 1.38 0.03 0.05 235 510 145 1.27 0.40 425 0.75 oun 415 3.99 434 37 0.12 4a 4.10 443 12 14.55 4.02 2 1148 175 2.00 Ni 535 031 001 032 0.03 0.06 0.13 02 2.15 020 135 007 08. oul 0.30 12 0.05 025 0.05 0.20 0.05 031 0.08 0.60 027 oor 0.46 0.06 126 047 0.05 045 0.30 0019 479 0.80 0.78 0.44 0.50 261 490 0.44 0.50 401 880 0.50 0.92 0.12 520 0.08 0.02 ous 0s 0.16 0.19 0.19 0.53 097 0.70 0.18 0.13 145 Os 0.02 201 2.52 152 1.07 0.03 251 1.88 232 0.03 125 124 0.03, 0.04 0.08 720 0.05 0.18 040 0.03 001 0.018 0.002 0.005 0.005 0.018 0.010 0.007‘Temperature °C 800 700 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.04% C- Vanadium Structural Steel IT] | 1° — I 1500 [ 1400 al + 1300 F| | f 1200 ' | 1100 }- 1000 4. 1 _ + 900 8 + 30 § 1 ~ L700 & L600 L500 [400 300 200 C.C.T. - 100 os 1 2345 102 10 lot Time, secs Composition c}]™Mn] si | s | P| cr | Ni | Mo 0.04} 190 | 0.11 | 0021 0.019) or | or | nr v | tm | Nb) Blam) All] N | Ww) oc 009} nr | or | nr | or | 002 | 0009) nr | or ar-not reported ‘Thermomechanical Deformed and Recrystallised at 925°C (1700"F) Steel No 1 Source “Hardenability of Thermomechanically Worked Low Carbon, Mn-Mo-Nb and Mn-Mo-V Steels”, Climax Molybdenum, VAN Ref30 ug 700 500 ‘Temperature °C s 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.06% C— Vanadium Structural Steel 7 L Ms B F+B | | HAP \| CCT. - 1 2345 10 10 10° 10+ Time, secs c | mm | si s P | cr | Ni | Mo 0 | 195 | 029 | 0003 0.010) or | or | 0.010 nb | B | cul al | N | w | oc 02s | or | oor | nr | nr | 0037 0.008} nr | or ‘Thermomechanical History Experimental ingot 160mm x 160mm reheated to 1150*C (20121 ar: not reported rolled to 12mm plate finishing at 800°C (1472°F) Quenched to $80°C (1076"F) cooled to simulate mid point of coil. Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 1100°C (2012°F) in 6 mins and held for 10 mins Source Diagram determined by B.S.C. Laboratories, Rotherham, England VAN Ref 10 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 sss ‘Temperature °FTemperature °C 800 700 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS. 0.07% C— Vanadium Structural Steel Ms - LTTE LH CCT. - os 1 2345 10 10 10 lo Time, sees ‘Composition c | Mn] si | s | P | cr | Ni | Mo 0.07 | 1.94 | 0.30 | 0.003 | 0.009| nr | nr | 0.010 v | nm | np} B | cl] a w | co o14 | nr | nr | nr | nr | 0.038] 0.007) nr | or nr: not reported ‘Thermomechanical History Experimental ingot 160mm * 160mm reheated to 1150°C (2012°F, rolled to 12mm plate finishing at, 795°C (1463°F) Quenched to 570°C (1348°F) cooled to simulate mid point of coil. Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 1100°C (2012°F) in 6 mins and held for 10 mins Source Diagram determined by B.S.C. Laboratories, Rotherham, England VAN Ref9 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 500 gees ‘Temperature °F 1B‘Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.09% C— Vanadium Structural Steel a | PT ti 1600 ‘Ac3) - + 1500 my T1400 Act} __l == 1300 1 1200 7 1100 B [1000 a] ~ + 900 & P80 § F | L. 700 é [- 600 [- 500 7 1 400 [300 — 200 | Lill cory 1 2345 0 102 10" 10 Time, sees ‘Composition c | mn] si | s | P| ce] Ni | Mo 0.09 | 1.48 | 0.25 | 0.060 | 0.014 | 0.010 | 0.010 | 0.010 vi} tm] Nb} B | cl] al] N | wl co 004) or | nr | nr | 0010] 0087) nr | nr | or ar-not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 950°C (1742"F) Grain Size 66 (McQuaid Ehn) Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd, Central Research Laboratories. VAN Ref 169Temperature °C 800 700 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS Reheated to 900°C (1652°F) for 5 mins Source Hoesch Estel Huttenverkaufskontor GMBH, Dortmund VAN Ref 82 0.11% C- Vanadium Structural Steel [4 TT Ac | | iB P| L Me = L C.C.T. os 1 2345 18 10° 10* Time, sees ‘Composition c}]Mna| si | s | P| co | Ni | Mo ot} 1.23 | 031 | 0.018 | 0031) or | nr | or v | ti | ne | B | a@)|a| n| wi] oc 00s | or | or | or | or | nr | 0005) or | or acinot reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 ee2288 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F 15‘Temperature °C 16 800 700 600 g 300 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.11% C- Vanadium Structural Stee! os) LTT TTT 7 Po L thie EE [ J u { Ms \ | | CCT. + 05 1 20345 10 10? 10° lo* Time, secs Composition c]ma| si] s |p| oa | Mo O11 1.23 0.31 | 0.018 0.031 or or or v] mj] aim) al | wlio 0.08 or or or or or 0.005 or or xcntreponed Austenitising Conc Reheated to 1100°C (2012°F) for Smins Source Hoesch Este! Huttenverkaufskontor GMBH, Dortmund VAN Ref 83 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 500 300 100 ‘Temperature °FVANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.11% C— Vanadium Structural Steel “0 sat TT oT T1600 Ac3 i— 1500 r- 1400 ——: 1300 fF 1200 | 1100 IM PO g 500 7 - + 900 £ E L go E409 - & 5 t™s 300 + ie r~ 500 am tt 200 t- 400 TMA | x00 100 _ 200 CCT. 100 OS 1 20345 10 1e 10° lo* . Time, secs Cc Mn Si Ss P Cr Ni Mo aie O11 1.40 | 055 or or nf or or v Ti Nb B Co AL N Ww Co 0.063) ar | mr | or ) or | o | om | or | or ar aot ore ‘Thermomechanical History Intercritically annealed at 790°C (1450°F) for 90 seconds Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 790°C (1450°F) for 90 seconds Source Y. J. Park and G.T. Eldis, “Metallurgy of Continuous Annealed Sheet Steel”, TMS-AIME, VAN Ref 64 aVANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.14% C- Vanadium Structural Steel 900 T — —-f-- HH Ly ft tre 1} ‘Ac3 800 * + Aci im 700 — 27 lL L 600 1 — 2 S4-| r a 1 2 e Ey ete [ 400 SEE |/+— E Ms 4sU- Le r 300 A~M| t 200 oon [- 100 | | CCT. - 0.5 1 2°345 10 10? 10° 10* . Time, secs ‘Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.14 | 1.52 | 0.48 | 0.004] 0011) nr | nr | or v Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co 0.071 or or or or or or or ar ar-not reported 920°C (1688°F) for 10 minutes Grain Size ASTM8 Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China 18 VAN Ref 98 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 Temperature °FVANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.14% C—Vanadivm Structural Steel 900 a 800 | 1500 [ 1400 Acl roo a — 1300 1 abe4tHn PTT - 1200 600 ; sso 1100 2 BI tL t 1000 B 500 = f+ 900 § g Ms| soo E rw § § \ L. 700 § e Mi \ L 600 © 300 ae j- 500 200 = ‘oes | [300 100 = 200 | I C.C.T. | 10 os 1 2345 10 10 108 1 . Time, sees ‘Composition c | Mn| si | s | Pp | c | Ni | Mo 0.14 | 1.53 | 0.36 | 0.008 | 0.009 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.01 v |] | no] B | cq] at] N | Wi! co 0.04) nr | nr | ar | 002 | 0.057) or | or | or ar: not reported Austenitising Conditions 930°C (1760°F) Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Lud, Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 187 19Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.15% C — Vanadium Structural Steel fast TTT Tron Pf trait 1600 L | L. 1500 — 1400 | A F 1 1200 - 1100 \ 1000. 7 1 90 8 + 30 § Mr t FTTH 700 & Thhnt--|- L 600 | L. soo | | 1 400 L300 — 200 | CCT, 100 12345 0 lor 10° 10* Time, secs Composition Cc | Mo] si s P Cr | Ni | Mo o1s | 090 | 040) mr | mr | or | mr | or v]r |x) Bi] a@|a| Nn] wo oos | nr | nr | nr | mr) nr 0014) or | ne r:not reported ‘Thermomechanical History Rolled to 795°C (1463°F) quenched to 570°C (1058°F) under conditions simulating acoil. Steel Specification or Grade 400SE Grain Size ASTM 11 Source I. Lindberg, “Vanadium Steels”, Vanitec Seminar, Krakow, Poland. 1980 VAN Ref80Temperature °C 900 800 700 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.15% C- Vanadium ‘Structural Steel Tr ] L Ms i- | CCT. - 12345 0 1 1 10 Time, sees ‘Composition c}]mMn| si | s | P| ce | Ni | Mo 01s | 130 | 0.27 | 0.009 | 0.010 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.04 v{ uni} m]Bpi|alaln| wi] o oi3 | or | ar | or | 019 | 002 } 0010 nr | or | ‘not reported ‘Thermomechanical History Normalised Austenitising Conditions 900°C (1652"F) Grain Size 84 um Source F. Capelli and M. Cavana, “Welding of HSLA (mictoalloyed) Structural Steels”, ASM, 1976, 428-439 VAN Ref 75 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 500 300 100 ‘Temperature °F 2VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.16% C-— Vanadium Structural Steel 900 - 1600 300, +: i— 1500 r- 1400 700 iL 1300 A+F+C - 1200 2 600 LSS 1100 L 1000 a, g or eS ‘ " ioe Z Ee om Tree |- #0 § - 700 & me oa _ t- 500 200 t- 400 [ IF —| 200 a oad C.cr. + 100 — — | Base +/0.07 “elvan i wT, 1 2345 10, 10° 10° 10* Time, secs ‘Composition c l Mn Si s P Cr Ni Mo 0.16 1.30 | 0.035 or or or or or 0.16 1.30 | 0.035 or nr or or or v | Ti Nb B cu AL N Ww co mr or or or or 0.013 or or or ones | or | ar | ar | ar [0013| or | ar | ar arnold Austenitising Conditions 1250°C (2282F)/1300°C (2372"F) Source G. Bernard, “Micro Alloying 75", Union Carbide Corp, 1977, p.552-566 2 VAN Ref62a Steel No 12‘Temperature °C 800 700 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 1250°C (2282"F)/1300°C (2372"F) Source G. Bernard, “Micro Alloying 75”, Union Carbide Corp, 1977, p.552-566 VAN Ref 626 0.16% C — Vanadium Structural Steel iy +e LF + r | = +FRC 1 - res : {- — [Base + +++ [Base +0.13 faa CCT. - os 1 2345 10 10 108 10+ Time, sees ‘Composition c}|mn|] si | s | P | cr Ni | Mo 016] 130 [0035] or | nr | or | or | oe 0.16 | 130 | 0.035] or | nr | or | or | nr vj] um] Nn] Bi} al]al|n | w|{c or | oor | mr | or | nr | 0013| nr | mr | nr 013 | on | oor | oor | or | 0013) or | or | or sr: notreported ‘Austenitising Conditions 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1 S88SSSs8 28 ‘Temperature °F 2BVANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.16% C— Vanadium Structural Steel 900 TT 7 L 1600 800 = L 1500 = 1400 700 7 Tt ae [ | 1200 00 = 1100 e L 1000. z 500 + 900 3 Ms i 5 5 | t- 800 E 400 F L. 700 é é L 600 300 L soo 200 - 400 L300 100 - ay C.C.T. | 100 os 1 2345 10 10 108 10" Time, secs, Composition c]m=| si | s |p| co) wi | mM | 142 | 044 | 0.021) 0032) or | nr | nr vin] Nn) Bo oa] a|n | wi co 0.025} 0.003 | 0.002} nr | nr | 0.042] nr | nr | ar —_t ie not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 1350°C (2462°F) Grain Size 70-120um Source Rautaruukki Oy 4 VAN RefVANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.19% C— Vanadium Structural Steel 900, “ Ss ta | tT LITO 600 Ac3 800 }- 1500 ‘Acl 1400 700 a 1300, A 1200 600 1100 1000 g 500 900 Eo Me HY 200 E 700, . 600 200 500 200 400 LIT 3° 100 = 200 CCT. + 100 0.5 1 20345 10 10? 10° oe Time, secs ‘Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.19 1.44 | 0,37 | 0.007 | 6.011 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.01 r v Ti Nb B cu AL N Ww Co 0.17 or or nr 0.20 | 0.03 | 0.010 or or ar not reported Thermomechanical History Normalised Austenitising Conditions 900°C (1652°F) Grain Size 6-Sum Steel Source F. Capelli and M, Cavana, “Welding of HSLA (microalloyed) Structural Steels”, ASM, 1976, p.428-439, VAN Ref 79 Temperature"FVANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.20% C- Vanadium Structural Steel {TT al 600 1 1500 Ad [ass | TTL — 1400 Acl oA at et est om t 1200 1100 }- 1000 ‘Temperature°C Temperature °F T e883288 200 + ~ - 300 100 : m0 {Il | CCT. 100 os 1 2345 10 10? 10° 10 Time, secs Composition c | Mn | si s P | G | Ni | Mo 020 | 1.45 | 0.30 | 0.005 | 0.012] 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.02 vi nj[m)slalal ww] o ne: not reports ‘Thermomechanical History Normalised Austenitising Conditions 900°C (1652°F) Grain Size 7-6.m Source F. Capelli and M. Cavana, “Welding of HSLA (microalloyed) Structural Steels”, ASM, 1976, p.428-439 26 VAN Ref77‘VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.20% C- Vanadium Structural Steel 900 ra 1-1 Ltt ITI 1600 800 j~ 1500 1 1400 oy os 1300 | 1200 1100 9 1000 8 900 = L E wm E L [- 600 j- 500 200 1 ~ 400 300 100 + - 200 | C.C.T, j- 100 os 1 2345 10 10 108 10 Time, sees ‘Composition c | Mn | si | s | P | cr | Ni | Mo 0.20 | 1.46 | 0.34 | 0.008 | 0.013 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.02 [v]™|»|*l]ela[*[*le 014} nr | oor | or | 019 0.03 | 0.012} nr | nr ‘rr not reported ‘Thermomechanical History Normalised Austenitising Conditions 900°C (1652°F) Grain Sze 55am Steel Source F. Capelli and M. Cavana, “Welding of HSLA (microalloyed) Structural Steels”, ASM, 1976, 428-439 VAN Ref 78 ‘Temperature °F800 700 600 Temperature°C s 200 100 28 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.06% C—0.45% Vanadium Structural Steel 1 1 A C A+B rc Ms [~ iE | L LT cr. 05 1 2345 10 10? 10° 10+ Time, secs. ‘Composition c)mj)als|rflal™]™ 0.06 1.97 0.37 | 0.020 | 0.006 or nr nr Vv Ti Nb B Cu Al N Ww Co 0.45 or mr or or 0.029 | 0.009 nr or ar: not reported ‘Thermomechanical History Experimental ingot 160mm x 160mm reheated to 1150°C (2012°F) rolled to 12mm plate finishing at 800°C (1472"F) Quenched to 580°C (1076"F) cooled to simulate mid point of coil Austenitising Conditions Reheated 19 1100°C (2012"F) in 6 minutes held for 10 minutes Source Diagram determined by BSC Laboratories, Rotherham, England VAN Ref 32 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 ‘Temperature °F2 g E é 800 700 200 100 ‘VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 1150°C (2102"F) for 15 minutes Grain Size ASTM6-7 Source R.C. Cochrane and W. B. Morrison, Met. Tech. 1981, 8(12), p.458 VAN Ref 33, 0.06% C-0.45% Vanadium Structural Steel 1 ] L. L AL L —|Base | ——)Base |v CCT. - os 1 2345 10 10? 0 oe Time, sees s |p | c| Ni | Mo 0.006 [ nr | ar | ar 0.006 | ne | or | or v ||| a] ola] Nn | wi] c ar | o | = | or | ne | 0029] 0009| ar | or 4s | nr | ar | nr | nr | 0.029] 0.009 | nr arc notrepoted 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 ges 300 100 ‘Temperature °FTemperature °C 30 900 800 700 500 300 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.07% C—0.45% Vanadium Structural Steel tli CCT. - 1 2°345 10 10? 10° 10* Time, secs ‘Composition cfm] s | s |e | o| mi | mo oor | 1,99 | 0.25 | 0.004 | 0.013 or or or Tr v] mj) a ial al | wlio 0.48 or or or or 0.038 | 0.008 or nr croteported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 1000°C (1832°F) for 5 minutes 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 e32328 300 100 ‘Temperature °F Source Hoesch Estel Huttenverkaufskontor GMBH, Dortmund VAN Ref 85VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.07% C—0.45% Vanadium Structural Steel 900 | L 1600 soo (|| - 1500 1400 700 it 1300 [1200 600 + + 1100 b+ g [oe ;™ a ASB TF RRAl PF 90 8 g Ms 1 r 80 § = 40 rr & 5 [- 700 § e M fH B [Mal aoe 300 + L soo 200 E400 1 300 100 200 CCT. -- 100 os 1 2345 102 10 10 . Time, secs Composition c]Ma| si | s | P| cr | Ni | Mo 0.07 | 190 | 0.24 | 0.006 | oo10 | nr | ar | 008 vin] x} Bilal) a) nx] wo 043} nr | ar | ar | nr | 006 | 0009) nr | nr ac notreported Thermomechanical History 1.Stmelt rolled to 13 and 20mm ‘Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 1150°C (2102°F) Source ‘A.M. Sage, “Effect of Rolling Schedules on Structure and Properties of 0.45% Vanadium Weldable Steel for X70 Pipelines”, Metals technology, March 1981 VAN Ref31 3VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.05% C— Vanadium —Niobium Structural Steel 90 Rest 90FC } ] L. 1600 800 | | L. 1500 1400 Act 700 Lett TIT 1300 1 1200 600 1100 9 [= 1000. 2 500 1. 900 8 g L s0 § B00 z L. 700 E mo 300 { L500 200 i L300 100 200 | | CCT. fF 100 1020345 10 10 10° 108 10" . Time, sees Composition c ) Ma} si) s | ep | cr | Ni | Mo 0.05 | 1.82 | 039 | 0012] 0.018) ar | nr | or vj] uf[n}| B|a]al| Nn] wi] oc 0.06} nr | 0055} nr | or | 0011) 0011) nr ) nr remot reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 950°C (1742"F) Source J.Just and J.Motz, Giessereiforschung, 28, (1976), 4, pl51-159 2 VAN Ref 207,Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.06% C— Vanadium — Niobium Structural Steel 900 T ] - 500 i 400 300 { 200 = r 4 100 —— | Auster xl austed | | CCT. - 0.5 1 10 10? 10 lo* Time, sees ‘Composition Mn | si] s | P | cr | Ni | Mo 0.06 | 1.24 | 0.25 | 0.001 | 0.015 or 031 or v Ti Nb B cu A N Ww Co var ~ 007 | nr | 0.043) nr | 0.30 | 0.041 | 0.003) nr | nr remot reported ‘Thermomechanical History a reheated to 1050°C (1932°F) held for 3 seconds b reheated to 500°C (932°F) in I minute, 500°C to 930°C (1706*F) in 11 minutes, held for 10 minutes then cooled to Ac3 ‘Austenitising Conditions a Reheated to 1050°C (1932"F) for 3 seconds b Reheated to 930°C (1706°F) for 10 minutes Grain Size ASTM7.0 Source Kawasaki Steel Corporation, Research Laboratories, Japan VAN Ref 136.06 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 70 00 300 100 ‘Temperature °F 3Temperature 34 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.06% C— Vanadium — Niobium Structural Steel TTT] ] ] Ac3 | 1 L B | = : F | | | C.C.T, - 1 20345 10 10? 108 lo* Time, secs. Composition Cc Mn Si Ss P Cr Ni Mo ll 1.69 0.25 0.001 | O.9i5 or 031 nr v Ti Nb B Cu Al N Ww Co 0.08 or 0.043 or 0.30 | 0.040 | 0.003 or or nn ‘Thermomechanical History Reheated to 1050°C (1932°F) held for 3 seconds then cooled to Ac3 ‘Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 1050°C (1932°F) for 3 seconds Grain Size ASTM77 Source Kawasaki Steel Corporation, Research Laboratories, Japan VAN Ref 137 1800 1500 1300 1200 1100 1000 S228 500 300 100 ‘Temperature °F‘Temperature °C 8g 700 300 300 200 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.06% C — Vanadium — Niobium ea Loo ft —E oo Al saaee a Te L Fi ble t B L | tL =S + { RA L M fal = cor. + 1.5 1 20345 10 10? Ww 10* Time, secs Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.06 | 2.33 | 0.38 | 0.008 | 0.025 | 0.40 | 0.01 0.01 v | Ti Nb B cu AL N Ww Co a 0.08 or 0.048 or |; 0.01 | 0.035 or nr or sano Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 900°C (1652°F) Source ‘Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd, Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 171 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 288 500 400 300 100 Temperature °F 35Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR’ VANADIUM STEELS 0.07% C— Vanadium — Niobium Structural Steel 900 1 [ae ee Ci 800 TT y al L 700 co Hi A A+B r 500 g- } 7 _ tH. Sh L 400 |_| v [ { 300 o 200 { 100 |-— — ; T 1 | | CCT. - Li | os 1 2345 10 10? 108 lo Time, sees si | s | Pp | cr | Ni | Mo 0.07 | 1.35 | 0.29 | 0.004 | 0.005 nr | oar | ar v |] au] np} Bi} cla] Nn | wi! oc 0.08} nr 0.025) nr | nr | 0.036) 0.006) nr | nr remot reported ‘Thermomechanical History Reheated to 1100°C (2012°F) and held for 10 minutes Austenitising Conditions 1100°C (2012°F) for 10 minutes ‘Temperature °F Source Diagram determined by B.S.C. Laboratories, Rotherham, England VAN RefTemperature VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.08% C— Vanadium — Niobium Structural Steel 900 SSS SS SE =r TT SSATTL 1600 300 t j- 1500 Acl = 1400 KS4+—-+—-L — L 1300 eS sa F s4it 1 1200 ron = 1100 | f- 1000 500 — tC + 900 8 =s=4. - 80 § 751 z 400 + 700 § a & [600 300 5 + f--- tT j- 500 200 i tt 300 UU 200 100 fro red re = = |straine}i 25 shod 1 followell by} 456 [at 90" CCT. os 2345 10 10 10° 10 Time, sees s | Pp | c | Ni) Mo 0.08 | 1.52 | 037 | 0.007 | 0.023 0.21 | 0.10 | or vy] ti] Nb) B | cq] at} N | Ww) 0.10} nr 0.05 | nr | 034 0.02 | 0.008} nr | nr sr;not reported ‘Thermomechanical History @ no reduction b Strained 25% at 1000°C (1832°F) followed by 45% at 850°C (1562°F) ‘Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 1100°C (2012°F) for 3 minutes Source T. Hashimoto, H. Ohtani, T. Kobayashi, N. Hitumo and S. Suzuki, “Thermomechanical Processing of Microalloyed Austenite”, TMS-AIME, 1982, pS01-520 VAN Ref SB 37VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.10% :C — Vanadium — Niobium Structural Steel 1 ae TH Ht LTT TTT 1600 + 1500 1400 = Lr ee L [1200 oo FE 1100 y P p10 g 50 = fp 900 8 3 -~ - 800 i 2 400 - T : rms + 600 30 00 200 ;~ 400 IE 300 100 —- 200 LLL CCT. + 100 1 12348 10 108 lot Time, sees ‘Composition c | ma si] s|el|al] mn] Mo ono | 1.53 | 035 | 0.010 | 0.013] nr | nr | 0.01 v | TH) Ne] Bi] mi a| N| Ww |o@ oot | or | 00s | ar | ar 004s] 0007 | a | or srcnot reported Conditions Reheated to 1000°C (1832°F) for 2 minutes Source Hoesch Estel Huttenverkaufskontor GMBH, Dortmund 38 VAN Ref 842 5 i é 700 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.10% .C- Vanadium — Niobium Structural Steel TTT L | L | t F L B L Me} | I | | L | CCT. os 1 2345 10 108 108 tot Time, sees Composition c |Mo| si | s | P| c@ | Ni | Mo oxo | 1.48 | 0.36 | 0.008) 0.018) nr | nr | or v[amf[wl|/salalaln|w] oc 0.019 | 0.003 | 0.023) nr | ar | 0.086) or | nr | or remot reported Austenitising Conditions 1350°C (2462°F} Grain Size 70-1004m Source Rautaruukki Oy VAN Ref 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 00 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F 39Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.11% C- Vanadium — Niobium 900 TT L TT [ pbb tp att tt ted th te 700 ACL = 600 4h 500 te Ms [ 40 is 1 300 ; ~ 1 | 200 - + | 100 + | | CCT. - os 4 2345 10 10 10° 10 Time, sees ‘Composition c|mn| si | s | P| cr | Ni | Mo ou | 1.60 | 030 | 0.002 0017) nr | nr | nr v | ml) mw] sala alwni| wi o ro 0.09 | 000s | 0.032} nr | nr |ooat) mr | nr | or L ne noreporad Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 950°C (1742"F) for 5 minutes Source ‘Nippon Kokan KK, Technical Research Centre, Kawasaki, Japan VAN Ref M40 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 Temperature °FTemperature °C 800 700 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.06% C— Vanadium — Niobium — Molybdenum Structural Steel T TT] Acs re L oT | FF] I eT Nt L CCT. - 5 1 2345 1 10 10° ret Time, secs ‘Composition c |u| si | s | P| co |} Ni | Mo 0.06 | 0.82 | 0.26 0.001 | 0.015 or or 0.25 v Nb | B al} n | w | c —_ ‘sol 0.08 or 0.04 or or 0.040 | 0.003 or or _ srenot reported ‘Thermomechanical History Heated to 500°C (932°F) in 1 minute, 500°C to 930°C (1706"F) in 11 minutes held for 10 minutes then cooled to Ac3 Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 930°C (1706°F) for 10 minutes. ‘Source Kawasaki Steet Corporation, Research Laboratories, Japan VAN Ref 130 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 500 300 200 100 ‘Temperature "F 4‘Temperature °C a 200 100 ‘VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.06% C—Vanadium — Niobium — Molybdenum Structural Steel Aca=} al ‘Thermomechanical 1 heated to 1050°C (192: held for 3 seconds then cooled to Ac3 rc ~ CCT. 1 2345 10 10? 10° 10 Time, secs ‘Composition c | Ma | si s P | Cr | Ni | Mo 0.06 | 1.21 | 025 | 0001 | 0014) nr | nr | 0.25 vj} > Nb] Bo cul] Al) N | W | Co vor 0.08 | nr | 0.044] nr | nr | 0.036 | 0.003) nr | or sr not reported b heated to 500°C (932°F) in | minute, 500°C to 930°C (1706"F) in 11 minutes held for 10 minutes then cooled to Ac3, Austenitising Conditions ‘a Reheated to 1050°C (192: "F) for 3 seconds b Reheated to 930°C (1706"F) for 10 minutes GrainSize ASTM71 Source Kawasaki Steel Corporation, Research Laboratories, Japan VAN Ref 1320-6 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 B88288 Temperature °F‘Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.07% C~ Vanadium — Niobium — Molybdenum Structural Steel ] ‘Ac3=19301C. L. 1600 - 1500 1300 TT 1100 t- 1000 Temperature °F T 2283 t- 500 t- 300 — —| Auptenit re C.C.T. | 100 aaah 4 orc os 1 2345 10 102 10° 10¢ Time, secs (Composition 0.07 | 1.49 | 0.26 | 0.001 | 0.015] nr | nr | 0.25 a vi] tm | Nb] B | aw] a} N | Ww} oc ra 0.08 | nr (0.042) nr | nr | 0.036 | 0.003 nr | or ‘nr not reported ‘Thermomechanical History a heated to 1050°C (1911"F) held for 3 seconds then cooled to Ac3 b heated to 500°C (932'F) in I minute, 500°C to 930°C (1706°F) in 11 minutes held for 10 minutes, then cooled to Ac3 Austenitising Conditions a Reheated to 1050°C (1911°F) for 3 seconds b Reheated to 930°C (1706'F) for 10 minutes Grain Size ASTM 7:8 Steel No 33 Source Kawasaki Steel Corporation, Research Laboratories, Japan VAN Ref I34a-b aTemperature °C 800 700 500 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.09% C — Vanadium — Niobium — Molybdenum Structural Steel T T T TT TL Wy | L | L A Hl Lt F Lo | [el] B 7 i" | | | L tT To 1 1 L C TT H + CCT. Lt | C OS 1 20345 10, 10? 10° 10* ‘Time, secs. Ss P Cr Ni Mo 0.015 0.010; 0.01 | 0.01 0.31 Austenitising Conditions 960°C (1760°F) 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1900 S288 500 300 200 100 Temperature °F Source P. Wellner, A. Mukherjee and H. Mayer, “Micro-Alloyed Steel for Casting”, Sulzer Technical Review, 1976, No.2, p69-73. VAN Ref 206Temperature 900 800 700 400 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.12% C— Vanadium —Niobium —Molybdenum Structural Steel rT —E LOTR =a 1600 {to + 1500 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 Temperature °F 300 + 300 CCT. 100 1 10 10? 10° 10 10° Time, sees ‘Composition c | Ma) Si s P | cr | Ni | Mo = 012 | 1.72 | 0.28 | 0.005 | 0016] nr | ar | 0.20 v | tm) Nn) B | al] al) N | wi co 0.06 | nr | 0.038) nr | nr | 0.068 | 0.0001] nr | nr ar: not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheat to 910°C (1670°F) Grain Size ASTM8 Source T. Wada, D. E. Dieusburg, P. Boussel and W. E. Lauprecht, “High Strength Steels for Pipeline Fittings”, 1981, p253 VAN Ref 16 45Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.14% C — Vanadium — Niobium — Molybdenum Structural Steel ] L. 1600 1 1500 1 1400 — 4 1300 A + 1200 foe 1100 | 1000 ‘Ms. [A4B [ALF + | f- 900 + 800 T L. 700 M| - 600 [- 500 — 400 [- 300 L | LUTE coo C.C.T, 100 os 1 2345 10 10 108 10 Time, sees Composition c | mn] si} s | Pe | cr) Ni | Mo 0.14 | 1.44 | 0.23 | 0.007 | 0.011 | 0.065 | 0.23 | 0.035 [vu Nb] Bo) aq) Al] N | w | co | evo mr | 0.03 | nr | 048 | 0.028 | 0.013] nr | or a not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions Rapid heating to 1320°C (2408°F) to simulate that experienced by a typical fabrication weld heat affected zone Steel No 36 Source Diagram determined by B.S.C. Laboratories, Rotherham, England VAN Ref 35 Temperature °F‘Temperature °C 800 700 500 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS a Reheated to 975°C (1787"F) b Reheated to 1200°C (2192°F) Austenitising Conditions a Reheated to 950°C (1742°F) b Reheated to 1150°C (2102°F) Steel Specification or Grade 1SG2ANb Source Diagram reproduced from “Microalloying 75” VAN Ref30-6 0.18% C— Vanadium — Niobium — Molybdenum Structural Steel ] TL CCT. os 1 2345 10 10 108 10+ Time, secs Composition c | Mn} si | s | Pp | cr | Ni | Mo 018 | 160 | 050 | nr | nr 020] 030 0.10 v |u| No} Bi) cl] a| Nn] w | c o10 | nr | 002 | nr | 030) nr | oor | or | oor arsnot reported ‘Thermomechanical History 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 700 sees 100 ‘Temperature °F a7Temperature °C \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.10% C— Vanadium — Niobium - Titanium Structural Steel | L 1600 | | } 1500 ttt 1300 1100 1000 [800 L700 ‘Temperature °F I 500 - 300 200 C.C.T, — 100 os 1 2345 0 102 10° 10 Time, secs c |] Ma} si | s | P | cG& | Ni | Mo 0.10 | 1.50 | 0.37 | 0.007) 0.011} or | nr | ar vi] | nb) B | cq] aN | wi] co 0.022 | 0.023 | 0.023) or | nr |.0.044) nr | nr | nr arc not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 1350°C (2462°F) Grain Size 50-70 um Source Rautaruukki Oy VAN Refs‘Temperature °C 900 800 700 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.04% C— Vanadium — Molybdenum Structural Steel T mille A - P BI MI LE 1 L CCT, - os 1 2345 10 10? 10° 10+ Time, secs ‘Composition c {Mn | si s P | cr-| Ni | Mo 0.04 | 1.19 | 0.30 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.33 v | Ti Bl] cl]a|Ni]w ow | or | 001 | nr | nr | 0057 | nr | or rr: not reported ‘Thermomechanical History Reheated to 960°C (1760°F) Austenitising Conditions 960°C (1760°F) Source 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1000 B8sss8 228 ‘Temperature °F P. Wellner, A. Mukherjee and H. Mayer, “Micro-Alloyed Steel for Casting”, Sulzer Technical Review, 1976, 2, p69-73 VAN Ref205 9YANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0,04%-C — Vanadium — Molybdenum Structural Steel 7 | ] 1600 800 LIE 1500 1400 700 = | 4 | 1300 F| 1200 600 = 1100 o BI [1000 ye = - = SS} —— rom § : 400 a a _ = 800 i & T 5 - 600 300 500 200 5 r~ , 300 100 200 {I CCT. [100 os 1 2345 10 10 10° lot ; Time, secs ‘Composition c | mn| si | s | P | cr | Ni | Mo 0.04 | 1.90 | 0.1.| 0.021] 0019 nr | or | 019 v | | Nb) B | cl aN] wi] oc 009} nr | nr | or | or | 002 | 0.009) or | ne sr: notreported Austenitising Conditions Double Deformed Condition Steel No 40 Source “Hardenability of Thermomechanically Worked Low Carbon, Mn-Mo-Nband Mn-Mo-V Steels”, (Climax Molybdenum Report L-176-82 50 VAN Ref27‘Temperature °C 800 700 500 300 200 108 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.04% C — Vanadium — Molybdenum Structural Steel | I] HF CCT. - 5 1 2345 0 10 10" ot Time, secs ‘Composition c | Mn Si $ P Cr Ni Mo 0.04 | 1.90 0.11 | 0,021 | 0.019 or or 0.19 vinjwm slala|lni wile 0.09 or or or or 0.02 | 0.009 or nr cao pot, Austenitising Conditions Deformed and Recrystallised at 925°C (1700°F) Source Steels”, Climax Molybdenum Report L-176-82 VAN Ref 29 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 700 seeee8 ‘Temperature °F “Hardenability of Thermomechanically Worked Low Carbon, Mn - Mo - Nb and Mn Mo-V stTemperature °C 2 800 700 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.04% C~ Vanadium — Molybdenum Structural Steel TT — i CCT. - Ss 1 2345 10 10° lot Time, secs Composition c | Mn) si] s P| Cr] Ni | Mo 0.04 | 1.90 | 0.11 | 0021) 0.019) nr | nr | 0.34 v | ti | Nb] Bo) cq) at] N | w | co 009} nr | nr ) nr nr | 002 | 0.009] nr | nr ‘nr: not reported Austenitising Conditions Deformed and Recrystallised at 925°C (1700°F) Source “Hardenability of Thermomechanically Worked Low Carbon, Mn ~ Mo ~ Nb and Mn ~ Mo ~ V Steels”, Climax Molybdenum Report L-176-82 VAN R28 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 ee8288 300 100 ‘Temperature °FTemperature °C 700 500 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.06% C— Vanadium —Molybdenum Structural Steel A [ 4 + : AF L : A+B _ r CCT. 1 2.345 10 102 10° 10 Time, sees ‘Composition c}]™Ma| si | s | P| ce | Ni | Mo } - 0.06 | 1.96 | 0.32 | 0.003 | 0.006] mr | or | 0.18 — v | tm | ne] Bla] al N| wi o 0.22] or | ar | nr | nr | 0.020|0.005| nr | nr srsnotteported ‘Thermomechanical History Experimental ingot 152mm x 152mm reheated to 1000°C (1832"F) rolled to 20mm plate finishing at 743°C (1370"F) Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 1000°C (1832°F) Source Diagram determined by BSC Laboratories, Rotherham, England VAN Ref3 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 Se8ese288 Temperature°F 3‘Temperature °C 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.06% C—Vanadium— Molybdenum Structural Steel ‘Temperature °F CCT. 10 sr: not reported 12345 10 102 Time, secs ‘Composition c {Mn} si | s | P | cr | Ni | Mo 006} 170) nr | or | nr | nr | or | 050 v | tT | Nb] Bl ca) a] N | wl co wt oto} on | nr | oor | me | nr | 0020] or | nr ‘Thermomechanical History “Heated to 940°C (1724°F) held for 5 mins then cooled to Ac3 Acstenitising Conditions Reheated to 940°C (1724"F) for $ mins Source Kawasaki Steel Corporation, Research Laboratories, Japan VAN Ref 127 lot3 = zg é 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.06% C — Vanadium — Molybdenum Structural Steel CoaT TTT f-=4-F —E. ‘Ac | | CCT. os 1 2345 10 108 10° lot Time, secs ‘Composition c | Mo} si | s | P | cr | Ni | Mo 0.06 | 1.46 | 0.14 | 0.003 0.018 | 0.20 | 0.02 | 0.25 Ti | No B Ww | or | om) oor o | nr remot reported ‘Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 930°C (1706'F) Grain Size 78 (McQuaid Ehn) Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 167 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 Temperature °F 55900 700 Temperature °C 56 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS Reheated to 920°C (1688°F) 0.07% C— Vanadium — Molybdenum Structural Steel SSS SSS SS Ac3 i T tt 4 — | Acl i F te TIE ; m IM L RTL CCT. - 0.5 1 20345 10 10? 10° 10* Time, secs ‘Composition Cc Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.07 1.52 | 0.47 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 9.01 0.01 0.27 | vi[af[wlsflala]njw|o ra 0.05 or or or 0.01 | 0.064 or or or J nrnot reported Austenitising Conditions 1600 1500 1400 1200 1100 see82¢2 400 ges Temperature °F Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 182‘Temperature °C 900 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.07% C— Vanadium — Molybdenum Structural Steel ‘Ase ood WWE Hi] dal [{III+ | | K 1 4 LL et | ] mE t — [| B r hal L mp ur iL C.C.T.- 1 1 2345 10 10108 10° 10° Time, sees ‘Composition c]ma[ si | s |e [a] wi [mM we | ox ow fom [ome [ear Ton | en vi[_nilm|ala alni|wio oat os | nr | nr |o.000s) 001 | 0066) or | or | nr nr: not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 920°C (1688°F) Source ‘Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 183 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 500 400 300 200 100 Temperature °F 7‘Temperature °C 58 900 700 600 500 400 300 200 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.12% C— Vanadium — Molybdenum Structural Steel a [ | B L M yy - Ll CCT. os 1 2345 0 108 10 lot Time, sees ‘Composition c | Ma | si | s | P | Cr | Ni | Mo if af [oma one] os | cu | we v | t | Nb] B | cw] a) N | wl oc vol on | or | nr | nr | 030 | 0031) nr | nr | nr ne not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 950°C (1742°F) for 20 mins 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 ‘Temperature °F Source T. Kunitake, F. Terasaki, Y. Ohmori and H. Ohtani, “Toward Improved Ductility and Toughness”, Climax Molybdenum, 1971, p83-100 VAN Refo93 i 5 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.15% C—Vanadium — Molybdenum Structural Steel ~ F + [ b= =t {[— Pale L Le i II CCT. - 5 1 20345 10 10? 10° 10* Time, secs Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo as | 139 | 04 | 0013 | oo16| a | ar | o27 v Ti Nb B cu AL N Ww Co a cos | om | nr | ow | or loots | oom| or | ow svat ‘Thermomechanical History Heated to 500°C (932°F) in 1 min, 500°C to 930°C (1706"F) in 11 mins held for 10 mins then cooled to Ac3 Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 930°C (1706'F) for 10 mins Source Kawasaki Steel Corporation, Research Laboratories, Japan VAN Ref 129 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 500 300 100 ‘Temperature °F 9‘Temperature °C 900 300 700 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS ).17% C— Vanadium ~ Molybdenum Structural Steel Ac3 I 1 A = p Ach. = P [ 7 / L 4 8 4 Ms - Hi) Le L } - —— | Austenitised 930° == | Ausebie | CCT. 0. 1 20345 10 10? 108 10* Time ses Composition c Mn Si s Pe cr Ni Mo 0.17 | 1.54 | 0.44 | 0.006 | 0.012 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.47 | v Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co ots} ar | 0002) ax | oot | 0010) 0006 | ar | ne r-notteported ‘Thermomechanical History a heated to 500°C (932'F) in I min, 500°C to 930°C (1706F) in 11 mins held for 75 mins then cooled toAc3 b heated to 1350°C (2462°F) and held for 10 secs Austenitising Conditions a Reheated to 930°C (1706°F) for 75 mins b_Reheated to 1350°C (2462°F) for 10 secs Source Kawasaki Steel Corporation, Research Laboratories, Japan VAN Ref 128 1600 1300 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 500 300 ‘Temperature °FTemperature °C 800 700 8 300 200 100 0.07% C— Vanadium — Nitrogen VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS Structural Steel T 1600 1500 1400 1300 iF 1200 1100 1000 0 80 M 700 é 600 500 400 300 200 CCT. 100 0S 1 2:°345 10 10? 10° 10+ Time, secs ‘Composition Cc Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.07 | 2.79 or or or or or or v Ti Nb B cu AL N Ww Co ois | or | ar | or | nr | 0.046} 0.005) nr | nr LO J ax:not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 1000°C (1832°F) for 15 minutes Grain Size ASTM 106 ‘Source |. Darbin and P. R. Krahe Conf. “Processing and Properties of Low Carbon Steel”, TMS-AIME, 1973, p.109-132 VAN Ref 65 6‘Temperature °C 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.16% C- Vanadium — Nitrogen Structural Steel tb HPT iT rT TT 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 288 Temperature °F 400 300 200 100 | ll CCT. os 1 2345 10 10 10 lot Time, secs. Composition c }]Mn| si | s | P| c | Ni | Mo 0.16 | 1.40 | 0.04 | 0.012 | 0.008) nr | nr | nr v | Ti | nb} B | cu | a | N | w | co on} one | one | nr | nr | 004 | 0.018) nr | or ae: not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 900°C (1652°F) for 10 minutes Grain Size ASTM 10.6 Source Diagram reproduced from “Microalloying 75” VAN Ref 37‘Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.17% C— Vanadium — Nitrogen Structural Steel 900 — ] I Y 800 1500 a 1300 }- 1200 600 — - 1100 1 1000, 500 L 900 8 Ms L E a 800 F L700 2 [- 600 300 = [- 500 200 rp HIE 300 ~ 200 100 = in — — [Base +)0.10% ahah Ll CCT. os 1 2345 10 10 108 10 Time, secs ‘Composition cc] Mn] si | s | P| o& | Ni | Mo 017} 175 | 020 | nr | nr | mr | or | or 017 | 17s | 020 | on on | om | oor | om vi] tm] Nx} Bi) ai) al] N | wl oc or | oor | or | or | nr | 002 | 0038 | nr | nr aio | nr | or | nr | nr | 002 | 0038) nr | nr ‘e-not reported Austenitisating Condit above 900° (1652°F) Source E.E. Blumet al, Fiz, Metal; Metalloved, 22, 6, 1966, p.938 VAN Ref 700 8‘Temperature°C 900 800 700 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.17% C— Vanadium — Nitrogen Structural Steel+ ] | L Al L St At - AYFHC q L Pa Ad! L + reat B+F+C Eb IM| Tl i b Lh | Jeet os 1 2345 10 108 108 10+ Time, secs ‘Composition c | Mo} si | s | P | cr | Ni | Mo 0.17 | 1.48 | 0.30 | 0.021 | 0.034 | 0.035 | 0.075 | 0.02 v {um} Nb} Bf] cam] al] N | wil o oas| or | nr | or | 0.08 | 0.028) 0018) nr | or ne not reported ‘Anstenitising Conditions Reheated te 1320°C (2408°F) rapid heating simulating that experienced by a typical fabrication weld heat affected zone ‘Steel Specification and Grade ‘Hyplus 29 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 S228 400 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F Source Diagram determined by B.S.C. Laboratories, Rotherham, England VAN Ref 34Temperature °C \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.19% C- Vanadium — Nitrogen Structural Steel 900. 7 sel TCM TTT TTT TTT 800° [ Acl - 700 A - 7 L 600 7 + : L 500 - B = Ms ao : 300, | + | 200} — — ry 4 in 100 — | | | | | CCT. 1 2345 10 10 10° ie Time, ses ‘Composition cfu] si | sp | co | Ni | Mo 0.19 | 1.55 | 0.32 | 0.005 | 0.013 037 v[amfwl/sajala]ln|wlo 013) or | oor | nr nr | 001) 0017) nr | or | ae not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 900°C (1652°F) for 5 minutes ‘Steel Specification or Grade STE 460 Source Hoesch Estel Huttenverkaufskontor GMBH, Dortmund VAN Ref 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1000 Sees S388 8 Temperature °F 65800 700 600 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.21% C- Vanadium — Nitrogen Structural Steel 7. LOU! Lom IL __LLOy. (Aa. 1] + { tt | act [ l] i A oa FI aap : y Pritt 5 1 Sci L 7 5 L —Ansediisea boc db) | Tames re) | | CCT. - S 1 2345 0 10 10? 10 Time, secs Composition c |u| si| s|P|ca) Ni Mo 021 | 1.52 | 0.40 | 0.023 | 0.022] nr | 007 | or vi nfm] aja a Nil wie 013 | oor | one | oor | nr | 008} 0019) nr | or ar not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 900°C (1652°F) and held for 5 minutes Reheated to 1300°C (2372°F) Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fur Bisenforschung, 1958, II-332E, p.268 VAN Ref 2630-6 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 8338 300 100 ‘Temperature °F3 i é 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.15% C— Vanadium — Nickel Structural Steel 4 LE CCT. 05 1 2345 0 108 10 lot Time, secs Composition c | Ma} si] s | Pp | cr | Ni | Mo 0.15 | 0.71 | 0.28 | 0.005 | 0.007) 025 | 1.07 | 0.05 vy] ti} Nn] B | cl] a) N | wl oc 008 | or | or | or | 015) or | or | or | or ar: not reported ‘Austenitizing Conditions 900°C (1652"F)* Steel Specifications or Grade Creuselso 400 SFI Source Blondeauet al, “High Strength Steels for Pipeline Fittings”, 1981, p.266 VAN Ref 13, 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 2282 400 300 100 ‘Temperature °F‘Temperature °C 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.05% C — Vanadium — Titanium Structural Steel ‘Acs +920°C) Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 1350°C (2462°F) for 30 seconds Steel Specification or Grade KD32CF Source CCT. - L os 1 2345 10 10? 10° 10 Time, secs ‘Composition c | Mn | si s |p | cr | Ni | Mo 0.05 | 1.17 | 0.26 | 001s | 0016] or | or | or vinjwlsi ajlaln iwi oc 004} 001 | om | oor oor | nr | or | nr | or ar-not reported 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F S. Kanazaw and M. Sato, “Vanadium for the Improvement of Properties such as Weldability”, ‘Nippon Steel, 1976 VAN Ref81Temperature °C 8 8 800 3 s VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.06% C— Vanadium — Titanium Structural Steel T ia q p——t——} ti —— tt LT i600 ‘Ac3 it H Ach IF L- 1000 B | + [- 900 ---+44 LL 00 TT L700 | 600 500 400 - 300 . LL a0 | | CCT. | 100 5 1 2345 10 108 10 lo Time, sees Composition c}] Mn] si | s | P| @ | Ni | Mo 0.06 | 1.27 | 0.30 | 0.080 0.009 | 0.01 | 001 | 001 v | ti] Nb] B | cq) a) N | wl co — 008} nr | or | ar | 0.01 | 0.045) or | or | or ar-not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 950°C (1742"F) Grain Size ASTM 68 Source ‘Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd, Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 168 ‘Temperature °FTemperature 3 300 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.10% C— Vanadium — Titanium Structural Steel |F L 14 = 7 Ms | B LE | L L 6 C | LE CCT. |- 1 2 345° 10 10 108 1o* Time, secs ‘Composition c | Mn] si | s | P | cr) Ni | Mo 0.10 | 1.51 | 0.46 | 0.008 | 0.033] or | nr | nr v | tT | Nb] B | cq] aN | wi co 0.05 | 0.013 | 0.002 |. nr | nr | 0.033] nr | mr | nr nr notreperted ‘Austenitising Conditions 1350°C (2462'F) GrainSize 50-75 ym Steel Source Rautaruukki Oy VAN Ref? 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 838 B888 ‘Temperature °F‘Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.09% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel + 1600 +- 1500 - 1400 + 1300 se 1200 600 TI t-— T 1100 500 400 300 200 100 = LE | | | cory OS 1 20345 10 10? 10° 10+ Time, secs ‘Composition Cc Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.09 0.94 0.28 0.008 | 0.010 | 0.10 2.54 0.64 Vv Ti Nb B cu AL N Ww Co = om) a | w | [oo lolel aw | w | = a Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 930°C (1706°F) Steel Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 184 n ‘Temperature °F\VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.09% C- Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel 50 [Acs-[975 rT Wit i oe [IT UF soo [A 700 1 | nie i L 00 z= | atu - eB 500 aii 1 5 2 |A+B L é 400 700 E L600 300 7 7. + 500 200 = —— - ;- 400 300 100 = 200 100 1 2345 10 10 10 : Time, secs Composition c|mn] si | s | P | c | Ni | Mo 0.09 | 1.01 | 0.32 | 0.009 | 0.011 | 052 | 149 | 0.52 vit | Nm] Bi am) a ol 0.05} nr | nr | 0.002 | 025 0.055) nr | or | or sr-not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 930°C (1706"F) Grain Size BS Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 172 BTemperature °C 200 100 14 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.09% C- Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel ast TTD HLT 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 +- 500 — || i 400 + 300 200 CCT, | 100 1 | oS 1 2345 0 102 10" lo Time, secs, Composition c | Mn s | P| cr | Ni | Mo 0.09 | 082 | 029 | 0.013 | 0.019 | 012 | 185 | 0.53 v | ti | Nb} B | cul at} N | Ww] © vo 00s} oor | nr | nr | 001 | 0.031 | nr | nr | nr ‘not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions Reheated to. 930°C (1706°F) Grain Size a5 Steel No 64 Source ‘Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref170 Temperature °F‘Temperature °C 8 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.10% C—Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel Austenitising Conditions 950°C (1742°F) for 10 mins Grain Size 18 Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 109 i: not reported ATIC ] Ml Ml L 1600 |. 1500 Co4t-— Aci I 1300 1200 - Lt 1100 1000 900 - 800 Ms. ADB - 700 fF 600 APM + L L- 0 : {111 400 TIE 300 — | 200 C.C.T, | 100 05 I 20345 10 10? 10° 10% Time, secs Composition Cc | Mn Si Ss cr Ni Mo 0.10 | 2.00 1.09 | 0,005 | 0.012 | 1.80 or 0.65 v | Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co oas| mr or or or ar or nr or ‘Temperature °F 8\VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.10% C—Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel 900 _ A Vw ao L 1500 — 1400 700 1300 1 1200 600 the os 1100 Y 1000, £ée roa oe = s L g00 Bao L | Eg é AbM L~™ sé 300 eae eee ~ 500 200 + 1 Sf 400 | LUI 100 +~— 200 | CCT, | 100 os 1 2345 10 10: 10 10 : Time, sees c]ma] s | s | pe | c | Ni | Mo 0.10 | 0.76 | 022 | 0.007 | 0.012 | 068 | 085 | 048 vy] tm | Nb) B | q@] Aa N | Wi! co 007 | oor | nr | 0001 021) mr om | oor | or Austenitising Conditions 950°C (1742°F) for S mins ‘Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China 16 VAN Ref 1039 g i & VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.11% C—Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel 900 T 7 ] L soo ASS a a __ L I yl L Hop-t—f. Cao 600 }— t + A | [ 500 f+ 400 acta at L Li Th L 300 APM + + yy _L L 100 + C.C.T. - 05 1 2345 10 10? 10° 10° Time, secs Composition c | mn} si | s | P| ce | Ni | Mo ot | 0.52 | 0.26 | 0012 | 0.007) 0.56 | 492 | 0.53 vf] |x} Bp} cl) al wn | wi co 008 | or | nr | nr | 010 | 008 mr | mr | or nr notreported ‘Austenitising Conditions 880°C (1616°F) for 10 mins Source Central Iron and Stee! Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 100 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 Temperature °FVANITEC ATLAS OF OCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.11% C—Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel 0 (Ion TTL 1600 a3 800 1 }- 1500 ‘Acl }- 1400 pe STEER ‘200 - 1200 600 1100 2 1000, g F900 & i PE 400 E Lm & 300 mee Wir @ 200 — -~ 400 t- 300 100 | 200 LU Hi} | | Th core 1 05 1 20345 10 10? 10° 10* . Time, secs ‘Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo oat | 08s | 031 | 0009 | oao7 | ast | 130 | 04s v Ti Nb B ca Al N Ww co a 0.03 or or 0.002 0.27 | 0.077 or or or ‘Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 930°C (1706"F) Source ‘Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories B VAN Ref 185ie eo Temperature°C 300 200 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories. VAN Ref 175. 0.11% C- Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel ‘Ac34904°C] ] ] ] L | ner L LLL i! CCT. os 1 2345 0 10? 10 0 Time, secs ‘Composition c | Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo OL | 0.56 | 0.28 | 0.005 | 0.017 | 1.08 | 0.04 | 0.31 Vv | Ti Nb B co Al N Ww Co sal 0.22 or or or 0.03 | 0.01 or or or 12 Conditions Reheated to 980°C (1796°F) Grain Size 74ym ‘Source 1600 1500 1200 1100 1000 S288 300 300 100 Temperature °FTemperature °C 80 800 700 500 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.12% C—Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel Ac3 Ac f Ut r Ms| rr LUT | | | CCT. - 0.5 1 209345 10 10? 10° 10* Time, secs ‘Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.12 | 0.75 | 0.06 | 0.008 | 0.007 | 0.57 | 2.62 | 0.48 T | Nb) B|a@i|a| Nw Co wi 00s | nr | ar | 0.002 0.25 | 0.062 | nr | nr Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 900°C (1652°F) Grain Size Tym Source ‘Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories. VAN Ref 173, sR8esss2828 ‘Temperature °Fg Temperature°C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.12% C-Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel 300 200 sol {TT pcs | —=-t4+4 ——144 Al | | 1100 + 1000 o - | so0 fF 30 § M+4A\ L 70 § & Fi j- 600 $00 400 300 200 I C.C.T. | 100 05 1 20345 10 10? 10° 10% Time, sees Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.12 | 0.57 | 0.29 or ar 0.47 186 | 0.18 jt v|{ tm] Bi]ajal|n | wi co 0.07 or or 0.001 or nr or or or ar-not reported Cae 927°C (1700°F) ‘Steel Specification or Grade AISI 43BV14 ‘Source Diagram reproduced from “Atlas of Isothermal Transformation and Cooling Transformation Diagrams”, ASM, 1977 VAN Refit a1\VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.12% C- Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel a Todt sof a At Ac3 800 Fixer —— Tt SSSR Tea 700 i Al Al A+F 600 g 500 L 8 gE Ms 7 400 E ADM! r 300 + 200 ~ 100 1 20345 10 10? 10° 10* 108 Time, secs. ‘Composition c Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.12 | 0.73 | 0.37 | 0.003 | 0.008 | 5.75 or 0.55 v Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co 0.24 | 0.16 or 0.011 or or or 0.26 or not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 970°C (1778"F) for 10 mins Souree Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China 82 VAN Ref 122 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 200 100 ‘Temperature °FTemperature°C ‘VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.12% C—Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel T ] ) 1 | ] L re L iM L 500 =e t 1 M te ADB [- 40/4 Le ~tL Oy L aot) Atl | L | L 200 100 | | CCT. F 1 2345 w 108 10 1o* Time, secs ‘Composition c}]mn| si | s | Pp | G@ | Ni | Mo 0.12 | 0.55 | 0.68 | 0.010 | 0.012 205 | nr | oss v[m |] sp | cl] a | Nn | wi] co 032 | 008] nr | 0.006} or | nr | mr | 032 | ar rsnotreported Austenitising Conditions 1030°C (1886"F) for 10 mins Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 121 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 eegee8 ‘Temperature °F Steel No73 83900 800 Temperature°C 84 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.13% C—Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel oe Austenitising Conditions 1000°C (1832°F) for 10 mins Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 123 “e [Ur CcT. 1 2345 10 10? 108 10* Time, secs, ‘Composition c | Mn] Si s P| a] wi | mo] 0.13 | 0.71 | 0.56] nr | nr | 543) nr | 0.47 v | Ti | Nb) B |) cu} All N | W | co 0.20] 016 | nr | 0.010) nr | nr | or | 019 | or ‘nr not reported 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 500 300 200 100 Temperature °FTemperature °C 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.13% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel T Tas | | Acl , C.C.T.- 12345 0 102108 lot Time, secs ‘Composition c | Mn] si | s | P | c@ | Ni | Mo 0.13 | 1.16 | 0.31 | 0.017 | 018 | 023 | 0.01 | 027 vy] tm} nN) Bi) ala] Nn | wo se 00s | or | nr | or | 001 oo10} mr | mr | nr sr: not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 920°C (1688°F) Grain Size 55 Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref I74 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 300 400 200 100 ‘Temperature °F 85Temperature °C 86 g 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.13% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 ss8288 300 200 100 Temperature °F f= P-—E 44S OtP- oF 1 --F+4 Ai ‘Acd | ; - \ CCT. - os 1 2345 0 108 10 0 Time, sees Composition c | Mo /| si | s | P| c@ | Ni | Mo 0.13 | 0.60 | 0.29 | 0016 | oo10 | 098 | 001 | 031 [vltle[*®lel[=|"|*le oa [020 |» ar | or | 002 | 0010) m3 | or | or nr not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 965°C (1769°F) Grain Size 76 Source ‘Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories. VAN Ref 177‘Temperature °C 300 300 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.14% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel | a [. Fil | ji | | M | - CCT. os 1 2345 0 10 10 10 Time, secs Composition c]mn) si | s | ep | c | Ni | Mo 014 | 053 | 0.54 | 0.006 | 0.022 | 143 | or | 054 vy |] No) B | aw] a | nN] wi oc wr 003 | 0.006) mr | mr | mr | nr | or | mr | or not reported ‘Anstenitising Conditions Reheated 10 930°C (1706°F) for 10 mins Source ‘Nippon Kokan KK, Technical Research Centre, Kawasaki, Japan VAN Ref 41 1600 1500 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 100 ‘Temperature °F 87‘Temperature °C 88 300 700 500 300 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.15% C- Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel Reheated t0 920°C (I688°F) in S mins and held for 8 mins —— +L Tn JO Ac3 [ae [TS L F 5 L Ms L w L H CCT. - i 0. 1 20345 10 10? 108 10* Time, secs ‘Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.15 | 0.67 | 0.48 | 0.024 | 0.044 | 1.20 | 0.25 nr v Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww al = 0.31 om or mr 0.18 or or 17.89 reno reported Austenitising Conditions 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 esggges 300 100 Temperature °F Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fir Eisenforschung, 1958, II-324F VAN Ref 232Temperature °C 800 700 600 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.15% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel INE TTL -— | Aubteniti Falah 1 ll CCT. 12345 10 10 10° lor Time, secs ‘Composition. — c lm] si | s P | ce | Ni | Mo 0.15 | 0.57 | 0.28 | 0.019 | 0.013 | 0.63 | 0.91 | 0.61 vy] tm | Nb) B | qi] al] N | wi oc 030} or | or | nr | or | 0032) mr | or | or ‘nr not reported Austenitising Conditions a Reheated to 950°C (1742°F) b Reheated to 990°C (1814°F) Source M. G. Gemill, “Stee! Strengthening Mechanisms”, 1969, p67~75 VAN RefTla-b 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 300 400 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F‘Temperature °C 800 700 g 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.16% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel a Reheated to 870°C (1598°F) in 3 mins. and held for 10 mins b Reheated to 1050°C (1922°F) in 3 mins and held for 10 mins Source [ass | He SUT Aci [ SA FTeT Fu” eFC] || A = P | 4 Hl Sa 5 [ Ms ' ; L M | L — |AusterltiseH shod - = — [Austenitise 1pS0"C; CCT. - os 1 2345 0 10 108 10* Time, secs, ‘Composition c | Mn/| si | s | P | G@ | Ni | Mo 0.16 | 1.12 | 0.22 | 0.008 | 0030 | 0.99 | 012 | 002 vj] nm|m] Bp) a] al wn | wi co ro oor} on | or | nr | mr | oois} mr | nr | or arnt reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 400 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fir Eisenforschung, 1958, 11-324F VAN Ref 2350-6‘Temperature°C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.16% C—Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel AMM TUT Stattpooc tet K | {ial + ‘ 71K 600 i crit al }- 1000 a0 Ht + + 900 a ; Hie I l y 700 > 600 300 = = t a> f- 500 20 + 400 | t 300 100 200 | C.C.T, | 100 0s 10 10 10 10* 10° Time, sees Composition c}] Mn] si | s | P | c | Ni | Mo os | 0.50 | 0.31 | oo14 | 0013 | 195 | 202 | 0.03 v wo} B | cu | al | N | wo i ool} nr | or | or | nr | 0030) a | or | or ar not reported ‘Anstenitsing Conditions @ Reheated to 870°C (1598'F) in 3 mins and held for 10 mins b Reheated to 1050°C (1922'F) in 3 minsand held for 10 mins Temperature °F Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandiung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung, 1958, 11-324F VAN Ref2360b a1‘Temperature °C 9 900 700 00 g 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.17% C—Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel Austenitising Conditions a. Reheated to 130°C (2372°F) and held for 2 mins b Reheated to 950°C (1742°F) and held for 30 mins Source Aad {s2rC] T } I { L Caer OT TTT TCT TET Toot c Whee A WIT ele B r M | = b — |Austeritisel 1hobrt — — |Austenitised 9 CCT. - os 1 2345 0 10 tos 10 Time, sees Composition c|mn| si | s | P| c | Ni | Mo 0.17 | 084 | 0.54 | 0011 | 0.019 | 089 | 0.05 | 0.40 v]uj|m)]sijalaln|w ic oor} or | ar | nr | 007 0031 | 0008) nr | nr ae notreported 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable", Max-Planck Institut fir Bisenforschung, 1958, I-324F VAN Ref 2220-5‘Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.17% C- Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel C1 800 700 600 500 Teniperature°F 300 200 = 05 1 2345 10 10" 10° lot Time, secs si | s P | cr | Ni | Mo 0.27 | 0.020 | 0.009 | 0.08 | 0.45 | 0.47 v | tj) Nb) B | cl] a | N | wi) co 002} nr | or | nr | 016) mr | or | or | or 1 aot reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 910°C (1670°F) in 3 mins and held for 10 mins Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung, 1958, 11-324F VAN Ref 233 3Temperature °C 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.14% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel AsqaI2C] | ] | ‘Ack Lit 1400 1200 1100 T s ‘Temperature °F CCT. 100 os 1 2345 0 10? Time, sees 0.14 | 0.50 | 0.30 | 0.005 | 0.008 | 0.38 | 0.03 | 0.55 10° 027] or | or | mr | 001 | 0010) nr | nr | or nr not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 930°C (1706"F) Grain Size 84 Source ‘Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 176 10 Steel No 84‘Temperature °C 800 700 500 300 200 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.15% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel T vo [UT LI J T Epp Het ttt 4 Act} ia] U r LL \| CCT. - os 1 2345 10 10 10 lot Time, sees Composition Ma | si | s | Pp | cr | Ni | Mo 0.15 | 3.06 | 0.59 | 0.005 | 0.020 0.14 | 0.04 | 0.46 vi} | Nb] B | cq! a | N | Ww! o 009} nr | nr | nr | 009 me | nr | 0.70) or nr:not reported Austenitising Conditions 900°C (1652°F) for 10 mins GrainSize 8 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 Bessss8 100 Temperature °F Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 110 95Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.15% C- Vanadium 3 Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel T itt CCT. 0s 10 10? 10° 10 108 Time, secs (Composition c | Mn) si s P | cr | Ni | Mo 0.15 | 0.77 | 0.20 | 0.011 | 0.010 | 1.27 | 4.25 | 0.45 v]| tf} Np] B | a@/a|N | wi oc 010} or | 023) me | or | or | mr | or | or ir: not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 900°C (1652°F) for 10 mins Grain Size 8 Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 101 } 1600 }- 1500 }- 1400 1300 1200 1100 100 Temperature °F‘Temperature °C 800 700 s 300 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.14% C- Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel ‘Vitkovice Steel Works, Czechoslovakia VAN Ref 210 =p SSS aati r Al T L F Act _L r B | tl CCT. - os 1 2345 10 102 1 lot Time, secs Composition c | Mn] si] s | P | Gc | Ni | Mo 0.14- | 0.60~ | 0.17- | 0.070 | 0.070 | 0.25 | 0.25 | or 0.20 | 1.00 | 0.37 v | t | nb} B | cl] a | N | wl co 005-| nr | or | or | 025] o | or | or | mr 0.09 nrcnot reported Steel Specification or Grade 12025 Source 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 28 ‘Temperature °F“Temperature °C 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.22% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel ie om | 160 G it ee ee a 1500 1400 : S 1300 1200 | 1100 + 1000 L g all T ‘| sw § L s00 £ | 4 z 1 |. 700 & 4 f- 600 | L soo | - 400 300 L200 | | CCT. 100 0s 10 ra 10? 10* Time, sees Composition c |mn|] si | s | ep | ce | Ni | Mo 022 | 1.45 | 030 | 0.006 | 0020 | 098 0.01 | 04s L vj} um] N] eB} om a} N | wi] o voi 003 {oor | nr nr ot | 0044) nr | nr | or ne not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 900°C (1652°F) for 20 mins Steel No 88 Source ‘Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 188Temperature °C 23 8 8 g 3 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.23% C-Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel Ac3 + I [ 4 \ WWE [A=B - r SIE be LO eT TT TT 7 | | CCT. - 5 1 2345 10 10 10 108 Time, sees Composition T c ]™mn| si | s | P| G@ | Ni-| Mo 023 | 0.53 | 030 | or | 0.018) 155 | 0.30 | 0.29 v | ti | Nb} B | cel] a | N | Ww] co oat} nr | nr | or | ot | or | oor | or | oe ‘ar: not reported ‘Thermomechanical History ‘Normalised Austenitising Conditions 940°C (1724°F) for 10 mins Source Central Iron and Stee! Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 104 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 700 500 300 ‘Temperature °F900 800 700 600 500 ‘Temperature °C & 200 100 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.23% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel t | TI ] L 1600 Ad L. 1500 L 1400 Act | 1300 == ASF eP L 1200 fect a la pion | coo & | FE M. 1 }. 70 §& “ & s 7 JAB Coo peer = L500 | 400 Tot L300 |. 200 ll | | CCT. 100 12345 10 103 0 10> Time, ss ‘Composition c [mn si | s | P| co] Ni | Mo 0.23 | 022 | 0.22 | 0.004] 0.015 | 1.70 | 3.60 | 0.53 Ti} Nb] B |} cul a | N | wi) co 012} oor | ne | oo | or | or | or | or | or ar notseported ‘Austenitising Conditions 900°C (1652°F) for 10 mins Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 106Temperature °C \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.26% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel T - 1600 | , L eco F t+ 1200 1 : ; ~ 1100 L 700 T 8 ‘Temperature°F — 500 L300 Ll C.C.T. - 100 Os 10 10? 10? lot 10 Time, secs ‘Composition c |] Mi] si] os P | cr | Ni | Mo 0.26 | 0.75 | 0.26 | 0.014 | 0.010 | 045 | 081 | 0.61 5| 00s} on | om | or | or | o | or | or | or nr: not reported Steel Specification and Grade SA S08C1.2 Source S. Mohammed and C. D. Lundin, “ The Effect of Welding conditions on Transformation and Properties of the Weld HAZ, of low alloy Steels for use in Light water reactors”, 63rd AWS Conference, Kansas City, April 1982. VAN Ref 153 101800 700 500 Temperature °C & 300 200 100 102 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.26% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Structural Steel T T T T sal | [+ ttt tt ToT ETT Acl UJ Pr rh = : MEE THE B y L v ~ = || CCT. 1.5 1 209345 10 10? 10° 10* ‘Time, secs ‘Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0:26 1.67 | 0.30 | 0.015 | 0.023 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.11 v Ti Nb B co Al N Ww Co ry 0.06 nr or or 0.01 | 0.013 or or or sr not reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 920°C (1688°F) for 20 mins Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 191 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 8288 500 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F‘Temperature°C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.08% C-—Vanadium Weld Metal 900 acd = Fee ] T L. 1600 800 Ack SeEnT 1500 PTT TOP Ty q | 1400 700 lH 1300 A lA | AdFHC rd 600 } 1100 1000. 500 AE L900 8 ee ee a 00 800 i L700 | coo 300 Me - L soo 200 i I 400 | 1. 300 100 = 200 | | LT.T. [100 1 2345 10 10? 108 10 Time, secs Composition c | Ma s | P| co | Ni | Mo 008 | 105} nr | mr | nr | 020 | 200 | o75 v | n |x| ep | a! a 02s} om | on | om | oo oo | oo | om | or sr-not reported Austenitising Conditions 1082°C (2000°F) for 20 seconds Grain Size 6-8 Source Diagram reproduced from “Isothermal Transformation Diagrams of Nickel Alloy Steels”, International Nickel Co. Inc. U.S.A. VAN Ref 51 103800 500, Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 300 200 100 0.34% C—Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel I I T I L. 1600 Ac3 ee ee 4 500 Act p ‘0 peepee eae el 1300 {tt L- 1200 — 1100 L 1000 a + 900 g fF 800 E —| Lom og Ff 600 500 400 300 200 CCT. 10 \ 1 20345 10 10? 10° 1o* Time, secs Composition c Mn Si s P cr I Ni Mo 0.34 | 1.31 | 0.24 or or or or or v {tm ] ne} Bi} cala| Nn] wo 0.10 or or or nr | 0.018 | 0.016 or or arcnot reported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 925°C (1700°F) for Smins Source D. L. Sponseller and J. A. Straatman, “Mechanical Working and Steel Processing XIX”, ISS-AIME. 1982, p380-388 VAN Ref0‘Temperature °C 8 8 $8 8 8 & 8 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.35% C— Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 890°C (1634°F) for 10 mins Source Acciaierie E Ferriere Lombarde Falck, Milan, Italy VAN Ref 93 T T Te of [TT aa = tet tit L. e $ t z i 7 L I L. Ms| ' L ij L M L LT ll CCT. - os 1 2345 108 108 108 Time, secs Composition c]™Mn| si | s | P | c@ | Ni | Mo 0.35 | 1.62 | 047 | 0.008 | 0.001 | 0.10 | 0.10 | oor v] mi] N > Bi]a|a)N wo ou} on | nr | or | 014 | 002 0 or | or | oe rsnot reported 1600 1200 1100 1000 8328 400 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F 105VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.38% C — Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 900 II | T]]]E 1600 00 ACh 1500 “Acl 1400 0 7== 1300 1200 600 t ~— 1100 1000 00 1 gO 08 E iN - 800 i . — | 700 i ° 300 Th. , i Le ot . ao a) t- 300 100 —- 200 LLL C.C.T. | 100 | os 1 2345 10? 10° 10+ ‘ Time, sees ‘Composition c|mn| si | s | ep | co | wi 0.38 | 1.63 | 0.30 | 0.016 | 0.018 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.12 v {om |] Bp) cu} at | N | wl oc wor - 007} nr | nr | nr | 001 | 0021) or | mr | nr , Lot se: not eeported Austenitising Conditions Reheated t0920°C (1688°F) Source ; Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories 106 VAN Ref 192100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS C—Vanadium Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel ] IF 1600 AS nt a 1500 L 1400 1300 L 1200 1100 L 1000 900 800 L700 L600 L500 | 400 L300 200 | C.C.T. [- 100 os 1 2345 10 10 1 lo Time, sees ‘Composition c|mn] si] s | P| cr | Ni | Mo o4s | 134] 145 | 0.013 | 0.022) ar | nr | or vin f[n{ spi) ala] n| wil o oto} oor | or | oo | nr | or | mr | oe | oe not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 900°C (1652°F) for 10 minutes GrainSize 67 Steel No 97 Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VaN Refit ‘Temperature °F 107\VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.43% C—Vanadium— Chromium Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 300 i] | ] ] [- 1600 aD {| | L 1500 }- 1400 00 - 1300 L 1200 600 + = 1100 A g _ p 1000 z : + 90 R100 800 i - 700 : ~ i ce 500 Po - 7 1 400 L300 100 200 | | C.C.T. | 100 L . 12345 10 10 10° lot Time, secs ‘Composition Cc Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.43 | 0.67 0.28 or or 0.32 or or v Ti Nb B cu Al N w Co ojo) or | oor | om | oo | oor | or | mr | or acnotseprted Steel No 98 Source A. F. Crawley and M. T. Shehata, “Metallurgy of Continuous Annealed Sheet Steel”, TMS-AIME, 1982, p347-364 108 VAN Ref65‘Temperature °C 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.28% C-— Vanadium — Chromium Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 120°C (2048*F) in 4 minutes held for 15 minutes Source VAN Ref215 TT] TUL—14-aeh K L Ach focal mne duals ee a pe tem a — am pt atl i n T = . ‘ Fy L 7 : i " L ¥ - L \ LY - Ms I - lf | M CCT. 1 10 102 10° 10* 10° Time, secs ‘Composition c Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.28 0.36 | 0.11 | 0.004 | 0.008 | 2.57 | 0.04 0.03 v Ti Nb B N w Co 0.35 or or or or 8.88 nr ar nat reported 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 100 1000 900 800 700 600 00 400 300 100 ‘Temperature °F tlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung 1958, II-324FTemperature °C 10 s 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.23% C— Vanadium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel ft TT tr L ‘Ac ‘Aci 1 Ci 7 FLY pe —— 1 IP r i “2 TON EL B Ms { 4 L | L M L — |Auseritised 105} | — — |Austeritises spo} LU cor, 12345 0 10? 108 lo Time, sees ‘Composition c | Mn | si | S | P | Cr | Ni | Mo 03 | 0.65 | 0.30 | 0.030 | 0.013 | 0.12 | 00s | 0.50 vi nim] ealalal Nn wile 0.03 | ot | oor | nr | 008 | oost |) nr | or | or ar not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions a 100°C (1922"F) held for 1S minutes b 890°C (1634°F) held for 15 minutes ‘Source 1600 1500 ‘Temperature °F “Atas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institute fiir Bisenforschung 1958 VAN Ref 370-6‘Temperature °C 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.30% C— Vanadium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel | LT ETOH t-te "Toth Ht ~ Ms TH A T q [ ht L. aa L CCT. - 110 wo 10 10° 105 Time, sees c]mm|s | s |p| ca] wi | mo 030 | 191 | 034 | 0.009 | oo16 | nr | nr | 067 vi ni[m| ala) al) Nn | wi] o oo7 | or | oo | nr | oo om | om | om | om rncaot reported Austenitsing Conditions 900°C (1652°F) for 10 minutes Grainsize 8 Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 113 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °FVANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.35% C— Vanadium — Molybdenum ° ‘Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 900 aol TT TTT L LTT UTM sso 800 F 1500 - 1400 700, 1300 L 1200 600 1100 2 & 500 5 g :“* i é é 300 200 100 i tA Wl | jeeryp 1 10 10? 10° 10+ 108 Time, secs ‘Composition c Mn Si Ss P Cr Ni Mo 0.35 | 151 | 0.28 |-0.007 | 0.015 nr or 1.29 v Ti Nb B cu AL N Ww Co a2 | or | a | or | ou] ao | mw | o | Austenitising Conditions 900°C (1652°F) for 10 minutes Grain Size: 8 ‘Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China 112 VAN Ref 114Temperature °C 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.31% C— Vanadium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel (Moe TT Lact M —— | Held for) L == | Helaipr i | Ccr. 1 209345 10 10? 108 10* Time, secs Cc | Mn Si s P Cr Ni Mo oat | 065 | 030 | 0030 | 0013 | 012 | oos | 0.0 v | Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co 0.03 | or or or 0.08 | 0.051 no or nr J sesatepoced Austenitsing Conitons a 930°C (1706°F) held for 30 minutes b 930°C (1706°F) held for 15 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung, 1958 VAN Ref 2380-6 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F 113800 700 600 500 ‘Temperature °C 200 100 14 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.33% C — Vanadium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 1 T T L ASL pt EE EH Hy |__| A [ or A= Ms Len | aM L [ C.C.T. - 110 102 10 lo* 1: Time, secs ‘Composition c | Ma] si | s | Pp | cr | Ni | Mo 033 | 216 | 032 | nr | mr | ar | 202 | 0.64 viJ[_nijw]slalaln|wloe ot4} oor | oor | oor | oor | or | oo | oor | or sc not reported Austenitising Conditions 900°C (1652°F) for 10 minutes Source Cental Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 115 1600 1500 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 500 300 200 100 “Temperature °F‘Teinperature°C 900 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.58% C—Vanadium— Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel Austenitising Conditions 8 930°C (1706°F) held for 30 minutes b 830°C (1526°F) held for 15 minutes & L tie . [| LE 4 B =e - 4 a4 L N ff r s\ | i LT. L M| [ | | \ oy — Aust = = Aust CCT. 1 10 10° 108 10 Time, secs ‘Composition c | Ma | si | s | Pp | cr | Ni | Mo 0.58 | 0.65 | 0.30 | 0.030} 0013 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.50 L v || xb} Bla] al) N | wl! oc 003} nr | nr | or | 008 | 0051) nr | nr | ne not reported 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 500 400 200 100 Temperature °F Source “‘Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fir Bisenforschung 1958 VAN Ref 233.08 1sVANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.36% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 900 }- 1600 f- 1500 1400 1300 f- 1200 1100 9 F 1000 3 pm & i Pr L700 é é - 600 t- 500 | }- 400 f- 300 100 200 Ll Ll C.C.T. - 100 1 20345 10 10? 10° 10* Time, secs c Mn s P cr Ni Mo 0.36 | 0.69 | 029 | 0.014] 0.011 | 1.09 | 0.08 | 0.07 v Ti Nb B cu AL N Ww Co 0.01 or or or 0.12 nr or or nr ar-mot reported Austenitising Conditions 850°C (1562°F) in 3 minutes held for 8 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institute fiir Bisenforschung 1954 16 VAN Ref 161Temperature"C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.32% C— Vanadium —Chromium— Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel ae L 1600 = = I 1500 ‘Temperature °F | CCT. 100 05 108 10 tot 10° 10* Time, secs 1.10— 175 0.32- ar ar | 475— 040} nr | or 0.80 - or or | or 120 | nr vi] tf} np] B | a] al] N | wi] co ar BR Be BR snot reported Austenitising Conditions a 1030°C (1886°F) for 15 minutes b 1100°C (2014°F) for 15 minutes Source KE. Thelning, “Steel and its Heat Treatment”, Bofors Handbook, 1978, pp.155 and 296 VAN Ref? 17VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.38% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 900 T | | L 1600 800 AC 1 = —. | 1500 ‘Ael L- 1400 700 1300 1 1200 600 - = > 1100 y f- 1000 a B 500 + 900 £ E pF 400 L. 700 : m | 300 ul L500 ean : | 400 \||L. 300 100 Lilt 200 al C.C.T. |- 100 12345 102 10 10 Time, secs Composition c | ma] si | s | pe | cr | wi | Mo 0.38 | 1.14 | 1.05 | 019 | 0.041 | 0.23.) or | or v[mjw/sjala]n]wilo ar {ont | oor | or | oor | or | mr | oe J nr notreporied Austentising Conditions 860°C (1580"F) GrainSize 45 McQuaid Ehn Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Bisenforschung 1954 8. VAN Ref 157Temperature°C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.38% C - Vanadium — Chromium— Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel oy | TI | t- 1600 | | L 1500 =F = L. 1200 600 A x 1100 u t + a = p- 1000 500 7 aia 900 8 t 3 ‘ 3 | fp 800 F 400 Ms SUT! 7 + 70 § IN ' 600 300 S \ - 500 M L 200 400 [- 300 200 | LTT. - 10 10? 10 10 Time, secs Composition c|ma| si | s | P| o& Mo 038 | 1.14 | 1.05 | 0019 | 0.035) 0.23 | nr | or vin] n> Bpilcala|n|wi| oc rs sr not reported Austenitising Conditions ‘a 860°C (1580°F) in 2 minutes held for 5 minutes 1b 1050°C) (1922°F) in 2 minutes held for 5 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandiung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung 1958 VAN Ref 1590 119‘Temperature °C 120 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.38% C— Vanadium —Chromium—Molybdenum ‘Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel ~ TI ] - 1600 1100 = L_ 1000 fo 2 p Bey t 7 | | s00 id | 700 Me L 300 my M \ L500 200 + ' - fF 400 - 300 — 200 I C.C.T. |- 100 10 10 108 10* Time, secs, ‘Composition Cc Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 038 | 1.14 | 105 | 0019 | 0035 | 023 or | or v Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co ooz | oor | or | nr | ne | ne | ome | me | or arcu sported Austenitising Conditions @ 860°C (1580°F) in 3 minutes held for 7 minutes b 105°C (1922"F)in 3 minutes held for § minutes Souree “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fir Bisenforschung 1958 VAN Ref 1590-4 ‘Temperature °Fare Temperature °C 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.38% C— Vanadium — Chromium— Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel T TL AL L Act WL +1 L = Fi J z L is c Bl N L is : + ' {~ | L M L {I CCT. ! 5 10 10° 10 10° 108 Time, secs Composition c | Mn} si | s | P | G& | Ni | Mo r T 038 | 087 | 0.18 | 0.008 | 0027 | 1.54 | 001 | 063 vi] mu} Nn] Bia] al] N| Ww) o@ oat} on | on | oor | oor | mr | nr oor | oe r-notreported ‘Anstenitising Conditions 970°C (1779°F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fir Bisenforschung, 1958 VAN Ref213 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 500 400 300 100 Temperature °F 121Temperature°C 122 800 2 3 400 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.39% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 0.39 | 0.48 | 0.94 | 0.005 | 0.013 | 5.53 | 0.04 | 0.87 vim nb | B | cu | al| N | Ww | c 048 }onr | mr | nr | 020) mr | or | or | or L ar not reported Austenitising Conditions a 1030°C (1886°F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes b 100°C (2012°F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Bisenforschung 1958 VAN Ref2ll ed von IMI | i ‘Austehitised 10: ~ 7 L fa Austenitised {1 CCT. - 1 10 1 108 lo Time, secs Composition c |] Mn] sii} s | P | Cr] Ni | Mo Steel 800 700 500 300 100 111 Temperature °FTemperature °C 800 700 600 500 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.40% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum ‘Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel ‘Act | T TH L fF ee TTT TT 1600 t~ 1500 HEY p 0 1300 A | 2% 1100, 1000 _ fF 900 800 fF 700 r lal _ - 600 L soo | 1 400 on fF 300 =| 200 | | C.C.T. | 100 1 10 10? 10° 10+ 105 Time, secs Composition c Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.40 | 0.60 1.00 | 0.003 | 0.010 | 5.00 or 1.30 Ti | Nb | B | cu] at | N | wl] c 040] nr | nr) oo | mr | mr | or | me | or sr-aotreported Austenitising Conditions 100°C (1832"F) for 10 minutes Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 18 Temperature °F Steel No 112 123‘Temperature °C 124 800 700 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.40% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel Hee HH Ty T l L it 7 P| L i _ | | A | [ Ms L e L | ASM - 7 LE 4h | 7 | CCT. - i 1 10 10? 108 108 10 Time, secs Composition c | Mn] si] s | P| cr | Ni | Mo 0.40 | 0.60 | 1.00 | 0.003 | 0.010) 5.00 | ar | 1.30 v | nm | nb] Bj} cu} al} N | wi] co 040) mr | oor | oor) one | one | om | ome | or ar: not reported Austenitising Conditions 980°C (1796"F) for 10 minutes Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 119 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 400 300 100 Temperature °FTemperature °C 800 700 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.43% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel Lac Aci lil Al +, Py EL Lab... a ATE Ms 7 B L MI = —— Auster — — — [Austentts \| CCT. - 1 2 10 10? 10° 10* Time, secs ‘Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.43 | 0.90 | 0.32 or or 0.30 or or v Ti Nb B cu AL N Ww Co 0.10 or 0.03 or nr | 0.015 | 0.015 or or sr: not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions a 1000°C (1832"F) for 10 minutes b 1100°C (2012°F) for 10 minutes Source ‘A. von den Steinen and S. Engineer, TEW Berichte, 4, (1), 1978, p21-28 VAN Ref 730-6 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 500 300 100 ‘Temperature *F 125Temperature °C 126 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.43% C— Vanadium — Chromium —Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel | LIT. - 12345 0 108 10 10 Time, secs Composition c | Mn | si P | cr | Ni | Mo 043 | 0.90 | 032) or | or | 030) nr | or [v[u[elelalaly| wo 0.10] nr | 0.03 | mr | or | 0015] 0015) or | or mr not reported Austenitising Conditions 1100°C (2012°F) for 10 minutes Source A.von den Si VAN Ref 73e 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 500 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F 1en and S. Engineer, TEW Berichte, 4, (1), 1978, p21-28‘Temperature °C 800 700 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.43% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel Tae a a sail [om Trr-+_ b 5 =tahhh r S. - i L ~ Ms lio Teojnbh tt iz —Taesehi TH [= eee Lr. + 05 1 2 10? 10° 10* Time, secs (Composition c [mn] si | s P | cr | Ni | Mo oa | 1.67 | 0.28 | 0.008 | 0.021 | 0.32 | 0.11 | 0.03 vTe[™[2]lel[«)"|[wlo 010} or | nr | nr | 0.06 | nr | mr | or | nr ‘not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions ‘2 870°C (1598°F) in I minute held for Sminutes b 1050°C (1922"F) in 1 minute held for 5 minutes 1600 1500 S8ss33288 ‘Temperature °F Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fir Bisenforschung 1954 VAN Ref 160.0-b 127‘Temperature °C 128 800 700 500 300, VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.43% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 7 I T ] T | T L be = 1 Lee. A =a [ Al sf Coal |P ia L. 2 ( 7 i” \ | B \ L Vv L S = \ - CAT = =|) L M \ LU [ AL — C.C.T. - 10 10? 108 10* Time, secs Composition c Mn Si Ss P Cr Ni Mo 0.43 1.67 0.28 | 0.008 | 0.021 | 0.32 O11 0.03 y Ti Nb B Cu AL N Ww Co | nr:not reported Austenitising Conditions ‘870°C (1598°F) in 3minutes held for 8 minutes b 1050°C (1922 Source "F) in 3 minutes held for 8minutes 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 700 gees 100 ‘Temperature °F “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut ffir Bisenforschung 1954 VAN Ref 1600-4Temperature °C 900 800 700 500 300 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.43% C- Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel yt | ] L Ht ToT IICo = at eer Al P L 3 L Ms L M | CCT. - 0S 1 20345 10 10? 10° 10 Time, secs ‘Composition Cc Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.43 1.67 0.28 | 0.008 | 0.021 | 0.32 ) G11 0.03 v Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co 0.10 or or or 0.06 or or nr or ant reported Austenitising Conditions 810°C (1598°F) in 3 minutes held for 8 minutes Source 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 e838 100 Temperature °F “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung 1958 VAN Ref 156 129‘Temperature °C 130 800 600 500 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF OCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.43% C- Vanadium —Chromium— Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 4 ] K i -- alk K FHK 7 i — an B \ ---4T TT <. ' ti — CCT. 1 102 10° 10 108 Time, sees Composition c | Mo] si | s | P | c | Ni | Mo 043 | 075 | 0.27 | oo11 | oot | 131 | ott | 0.72 v]nm | ne] Bp | a] al w| wi] c «l«(-(«l«l«l«l=l= sr notreportd A Conditions ‘a 970°C (1778°F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes b 1050°C (1922°F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes Source 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 500 400 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fir Eisenforschung, 1954 VAN Ref21206‘Temperature \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.44% C - Vanadiwn — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel + 1600 T T | 1500 1400 = [ 1300 ate tate -- in rf th 1100 P| |’ 1 1000 { = rT 7 + 90 5 t 800 i L. 700 Ms é l- 600 rz L500 : 4h L400 300 200 — | Austehitisdd der 100 a | Austettsgd 10sor ll | LT. - os 1 2345 10 108 10° 10+ Time, sees Composition c | Mn] si | s | P| c@ | Ni | Mo 0.44 | 0.66 | 0.22 | 0.029 | 0.022) 0.15 | or | nr v | |x} B | col] a w | co oz} oor | oor | nr | nr | ne | mr | or | oe nr-not reported Austenitising Conditions ‘a 880°C (1616°F) in | minute held for Sminutes b 1050°C (1922°F) in for | minute held for 5 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fir Bisenforschung 1954 VAN Ref 1580-6 131Temperature °C 132 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.44% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel a 880°C (1616°F) in 2 minutes held for 3 minutes b 1050°C (1822°F) in 2 minutes held for 3 minutes Source LUA | aamefind ps CCT. 0.5 1 2°345 10 10? 10° 10* Tin, ws Composition c Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 044 | 0.65 022 | 0029] 0022| 015 | or | or v Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co 0.02 or or or or ar ar or or ernoteeced Austenitising Conditions 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 500 300 100 ‘Temperature °F “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fir Eisenforschung 1954 VAN Ref 1580-4Temperature °C 900 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF OCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.44% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel T T Hi L + ¢ L THe LT.T. - 1 10° 10* 108 Time ses Composition cl] si | s |p |c|N | Me 0.44 | 0.75 | 0.26 | 0.019 | 0.016 | 1.70 | 0.17 | 0.08 v[u]m) ala) al Nn ]w]c 0.09 or nr nr 0.18 nr nr nr or | ae ntepetd Anstenitising Conditions 2 850°C (1562°F) in 2 minutes held for 5 minutes 1050°C (1922"F) in 2 minutes held for 5 minutes, Source 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 S00 400 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Bisenforschung 1954 VAN Ref 1630-6 133‘Temperature °C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.44% C- Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel ] [- 1600 [Act L 1500 po 1400 ‘Ac [ 1300 1200 lA - 1100 L 1000 HES + 900 8 \ L go & my & B N - 700 & Ms | _ | MN [- 600 \ - si ~14 100, {| M. \ — 400 y - 300 of 200 — | austeitisea sl = foarenell| CCT. 100 1 2345 10 108 10" lo Time, secs ‘Composition c}™Mn| si | s | Pp | cr) Ni | Mo 0.44 | 0.75 | 0.26 | 0.019 | 0.016 | 1.70 | 0.17 | 0.08 v | || Bp | cm] a | Nn | wl co 009} nr | nr | nr | O18) nr | mr | nr | nr _- sr: not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 2 850°C (1562°F) in 3 minutes held for 10 minutes 1050°C (1922°F) in 3 minutes held for 10 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fr Bisenforschung 1954 VAN Ref 1630-4‘Temperature °C 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.45% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel (i i P i | tC B L Ms. - Willi LL LUI CCT. - | 1 20345 10 ‘10? 108 10* Time, secs Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo v Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co 0.13 or or or 0.16 or mr or or = Austenitising Conditions 880°C (1616°F) in 3 minutes held for S minutes Source 1600 1500 1200 1100 1000 800 700 500 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F “‘Atlas aur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Bisenforschung 1954 VAN Ref 184 135VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.47% C — Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 900 , ]]} 1600 300 + 1500 1400 700 1300 T1200 600 1100 L 1000 a, 2 500 t * 2 4 1 —>\~ p 0 8 5 a> + so § 400 & B ie i < mf aa Ms h 600 - 00 200 M| LI as I- 400 300 100 - 200 ig T. - 100 irc LUT. 1 10 108 rd 10 108 Time, sees ‘Composition c |mn| si | s | P | c& | Ni | Mo 0.47 | 1.04 | 0.35 | 0.012 | 0.032) 1.20 | 0.05 | 0.05 v | | n] Bic] at] N | wi oc 012} one | nr ] or | 016 | mr ) oor | or | oor se not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 2 880°C (1616*F) in 2 miautes held for 5 minutes b 10S0°C (1922°F) in 2 minutes held for 5 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung 1954 136 VAN Ref 1650-5\VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.47% C— Vanadium —Chromium—Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel L 1600 L- 1500 + 1400 1300 t 1200 1100 t- 1000 [800 L700 Temperature °F 3 i 5 - 00 - 300 || Austenitised 8 — — | Austenitised 1 oH CCT. | 100 os 1 2345 10 loz 10° lot c}] Ma] si | s P| Gr 0.47 | 1.04 | 0.35 | 0.012 | 0.032 | 1.20 0.05 | 0.05 vi] | Nn] Bo ca} a| N | wl] co 012] om oor | or 016 mr | or | mr | or nr: not reported Austenitising Conditions ‘a: 880°C (1616°F) in 3 minutes held for S minutes b 1050°C (1922°F) in 3 minutes held for 5 minutes Source “‘Atlas aur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung 1954 VAN Ref 165 0-4 137Temperature“ 138 900 800 700 600 500 300 200 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.47% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel F red - = 1th A === — |_| L ‘ | ¢ L. Ms \ L slalal ni] wlio om} on | oor | or | 014 | or | or | nr | ne sr not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions € 870°C (1598°F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes 4.950°C (1742°F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung 1958 VAN Ref 22604 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 500 300 100 Temperature °F 143Temperature °C 144 800 700 $s 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS. 0.387 C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel — Titanium Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel Rebeated to 875°C (1607°F) in 30 mins Source Diagram determined by Institutet for Metallforskning, Sweden VAN Ref26 lal a P| AWHE L Ms B = [M_ || = CCT. - 4 I 2345 10 10? 10° lo* Time, secs ‘Composition c|mna| si | s | P| co Mo 0.38 0.78 0.29 | 0.030 | 0.005 | 0.99 0.14 0.08 viP_nj|m)>afala|niw|o 0.06 | 0.021 or or 0.20 | 0.022 | 0.01 nr nr cnoteported 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 500 300 200 100 Temperature °F‘Temperature °C 800 700 500 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.39% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel— Titanium Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel fel Co co 7 A : P [- L [ B r " Pr | t M 7 L eee CCT. - | 1 2.345 10 102 10° lo Time, sees Composition c] mo} s | s |p | om | Mo 039 | 0.76 | 028 | 0033 | 0.07 | 099 | 014 | 003 nlm) salalal]n | wil oc 012 | oo a | ont | 021 | ar | oot | nr | or ec notreponet Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 875°C (1607°F) in 10 mins Source Diagram determined by Institutet for Metallforskning, Sweden VAN Ref24 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 500 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F 45‘Temperature °C 700 600 500 300 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.40% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel— Titanium Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel Diagram determined by Institutet for Metallforskning, Sweden, VAN Ref22 T 4 L 1600 — 1200 al 4 1100 |} |F 1000 — += 900 | 800 IMs B L700 _ L600 L500 Litt t- 400 [300 LU no CCT. 100 1 Lit 05 1 2345 10 10? 10 10 Time, secs Composition c]mm|s | sp | co | Ni Mo 040 | 0.75 0.27 | 0034 0.007 | 096 | 0.13 | 0.07 v {nin | ep ala w | Co 0.05 } 0035) or | or 020) ar | ool or | or not eported Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 875°C (1607°F) in 30 mins Source Temperature °F 146Temperature °C 900 800 700 600 300 400 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.18% C — Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel TT ——I-Fio FL 1600 + 1500 ir LL 1300 + 1200 1100 1000. 900 800 5 700 é 600 500 L400 Cohsee, c L300 |— - |Aust i gage | I a CCT. F100 | Ly LL! 1 10 10? 10 10+ 108 Time, sees ‘Composition c |Mn| si | s | P| c | Ni | Mo 0.18 | 0.86 | 0.29 | 0.012 | 0.018 | 0.57 | 0.87 | 0.48 v |] Ne) Bi} ca] a| N | wl oc 0.05 | nr | nr | 0.003) 0.29) nr | nr | or | or | nr-not reported Austenitising Conditions a 1300°C (2372°F) no hold b 900°C (1652°F) held for 5 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fir Fisenforschung 1954 VAN Ref221 0b 147VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND TTT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.24% C— Vanadium — Chromium— Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 900 To TH 0 800 t CaTe ere =o TET 1500 |AgL + iL = -— T4477 |400 700 a= ert = 1300 | lal Plat. a7 [- 1200 600 == =e 7 1100 9 7 -- 5 BI + 1000 a, 7 Sheena g 500 : ; 900 5 é 800 é 400 ! 700 ik 6 [ 5 300 : {It iT wet | | 00 L500 200 - j- 400 [300 100 - 200 LT.T. | 100 os 1 2345 10 lo? 10° 10* Time, sees Composition c | mno|si | s | P | cr] Ni | Mo 0.24 | 1.06 | 0.21 | 0.020 | 0.014 | 0.79 | 0.18 | 0.02 v |] Nn] Bi} cl] a | N | w | c O10} ome oor | ar | 017 | om | oor | or | or ne not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 2 880°C (1616°F) in I minute held for 5 minutes b 1050°C (1922"F) in I minute held for 5 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Bisenforschung 1954 148 VAN Ref 1620-6Temperature °C 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.24% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Stee! ] d ] I L 1600 Sra teeta 1500 a CTT vee ro 7 sere 1300 A IF F e-7- tir a4 - 1100 PPG — i= 1000 B p 900 OF Ms \ 800 i L 700 § M : Log 500 400 300 Austertised spoke ~ \—I aus Haaser bsg CCT. 10 os 1002345 0 102 10> 0 Time, sees Composition c]mm|si| s |p| ca] Ni | Mo 0.24 | 1.06 | 0.21 | 0.020] 0.014 0.79 | 0.18 0.02 v | tf} np|) Bp] cl a | nN} wi] oo 010 | or | or [= o17 | nr | mr | oor | nr nr not reported Austenitising Conditions a 880°C (1616°F) in 3 minutes held for 10 minutes b 1050°C (1922°F) in 3 minutes held for 10 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut flir Eisenforschung 1954 VAN Ref 16204 149\VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.24% C — Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 900 Wl] 1600 }~ 1500 s00 [=p == thot oot Ac3 oa | 1300 ‘Aci /- 1200 600 FF ———— HL. 1100 S L 1000 z #0 - + 30 8 i pm ‘oo | 700 é é 600, 300 500 200 f 400 LU eo 100 200 CCT. 100 1 20345 10, 10? 108 10* Time, secs ‘Composition c Mn Si s P Cr Ni Mo 0.24 0.35 0.13 | 0.008 | 0.030 | 1.75 3.50 0.49 v Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co 0.12 or | or nr nr or nr nr nr a ‘Thermomechasia! History Laboratory Heat melted under vacuum and argon; ingot forged 14 inch square bar stock heated at 1010°C (1850°F) for 2 hours furnace cooled to 650°C (1202"F) and air cooled. Austenitising Conditions 1000°C (1832°F) for 20 minutes Source “Austenite Transformation Kinetics of Ferrous Alloys”, Climax Molybdenum 150 VAN Ref4Temperature °C 800 700 s 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.24% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 7 PN on - L 1500 1400 = = arp L— 1300 [- 1200 ct 1100 1 1000 is + 900 8 | Ly ips t L700 a + 600 — 300 | — 400 300 - 1 200 | tll | CCT, - 100 5 1 2345 10 lo 108 0 Time, sees ‘Composition c |mno|] si | s | P| cr | Ni) Mo 0.24 | 0.74 | 0.25 | 0.016 | 0.012) 037 | 067 | 0.52 v |u| Nb | Bc} at} N | Ww! co 003} nr | om oor | oo | oor | m | mr | or sr:not reported ‘Thermomechanical History ACommercial Heat ‘Austenitising Conditions 860°C (1580°F) for 20 minutes Steel Specification or Grade ASTM AS08 Class 2 Source “Hardenability of Thermomechanically Worked Low Carbon, Mn-Mo-Nb and Mn-Mo-V Steels”, Climax Molybdenum VAN Ref 43 151‘Temperature °C 152 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.24% C — Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel TTL 1600 — 1500 } 1400 -— 1300 I 1200 1100 1000 - 900 - 800 L700 ‘Temperature °F 600 0.24 | 0.35 | 0.13 | 0.008 | 0.030 1.75 | 3.50 | 0.49 vy] | Np] B | qa] a] n | wi] co 012] oo | or | or | or | or | or | or | or ‘Thermomechanical History Laboratory Heat melted under vacuum and argon; ingot forged 1 inch square sr not reported bar stock heated at 1010°C (1850°F) for 2 hours furnace cooled to 650°C (1202"F) and air cooled. Austenitising Conditions 843°C (1549°F) for 0minutes, Source “‘Austenite Transformation Kinetics of Ferrous Alloys”, Climax Molybdenum VAN Refs | | 1 10 10? 10° 1o* 10° Time, secs ‘Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo Steel No 133VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.26% C— Vanadium — Chromium— Molybdenum —Nickel ‘Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel ee Pras = i I 800 }- 1500 Lil LIF 1400 700 L- 1300 j- 1200 600 rT 1100 | 1000 4 - 900 § L i 800 4 - 700 & - 600 - 500 200 t 400 fF 300 100 + J C.C.T, 100 . 1 10 107 10° 10* 105 Time, secs Composition c Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.26 | 0.76 | 0.32 | 0.012) 0.014 1.08 | 0.72 1.25 v Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co oat} or | or | or | or | or | or | or | or aunt apated ‘Thermomechanical History ‘A Commercial Heat; 32 inch diameter forging Austenitised at 955°C(1751"F) for 35 hours cooled by water spraying, and tempered by heating at 655°C (1229°F) for 35 hoursand air cooling. ‘Austenitising Conditions 955°C (1751°F) for 20 minutes Souree “Hardenability of Themomechanically Worked Low Carbon, Mn-Mo-Nb and Mn-Mo-V Steels”, (Climax Molybdenum VAN Ref 42 153ic] ‘Temperature 154 800 700 600 500 300 200 109 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.27% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel eo or com | CCT. - 1 10 10? 10° 10* 108 ime, sees Si s P | cr | Ni | Mo 0.27 | 1.36 | 0.50 | 0.006 | 0.016 | 0.58 | 0.68 | 0.34 vj ufm)] sl) alaln | wl co 0.08} nr | nr | or | m | mr | om | mr | or sr: not reported ‘Thermomechanical History ‘Commercial heat and casting Austenitising Conditions ‘900°C (1652°F) for 20 minutes Steel Specification or Grade: ASTM A487-60 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 600 00 400 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F . Source “Hardenability of Themomechanically Worked Low Carbon, Mn-Mo-Nb and Mn-Mo-V Steels”, Climax Molybdenum VAN Ref 48‘Temperature°C 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.32% C—Vanadium—Chromium— Molybdenum — Nickel ‘Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel la +t |, 1 ALB L = L A+M| L ill CCT. - 1 10 10? 10° 10* 10° Time, secs. Composition Cc Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 032] 040 | 040 | nr | mr | 143 | 330 | 0.33 v Ti ‘Nb B cu Al N Ww Co 0.19 or or or or or or or or ae nt repented Austenitising Conditions 850°C (1562°F) for 10 minutes Steel Source Central Iron and Stee! Research Institute, Beijing, China, VAN Ref 108 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 Bess 100 ‘Temperature °F 155VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.32% C— Vanadium — Chromium ~— Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 900 ] ] ]} 1600 800 b wt} | tt ULL 1500 [Tt 1400 Acl 1300 700 “| —l inn in AF FH! 1200 600 a 1100 9 FER 1000 500 g = + 900 8 a od TA+F+C Tt i + FH EU tle [ L. soccer 7m 8 300 200 =| 4 ; 400 IC 300 100 - 200 | i | LTT. | 100 1 10 108 1 lot 108 Time, secs c] Mn] si | s | P| cr | Ni | Mo 032] ost | ar | or | nr | 137) 302 | 048 018 one | one | om | nr | oor | oor | or | oor ar.not reported Austenitising Conditions 834°C (1535°F) Grain Size: 9 Source Diagram reproduced from “Isothermal Transformation Diagrams of Nickel Alloy Steels”, Inter- national Nickel Co. Inc. U.S.A. 156 VAN Ref 132‘Temperature °C 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.32% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 }- 800 ee + f- 700 + 600 L 500 1 400 - 300 | | LIT. 1 10 102 10° lot Time, sees ‘Composition 032 | 0.72 | nr | nr | nr | 082 | 1.70 | 0.31 v | | Nb{ B | cul] al} N | Ww Co oi7 | oor | ore | oor | oor | mr | nr | or | or | ar not reported Austenitising Conditions 899°C (1650°F) 10 Temperature °F Source Diagram reproduced from “Isothermal Transformation Diagrams of Nickel Alloy Steels", Inter- national Nickel Co. Inc. U.S.A. VAN Ref 4 157‘Temperature °C 158 800 700 300 400 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.33% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel , fos LTT CY ET TTT [ae Fa Jee L {I L [cox r 1 10 10? 10° 10* 105 Time. secs ‘Composition c | Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.33 | 0.89 | 0.24 | 0.009 | 0.008} 1.13 | 0.15 119 2 eee ae 0.22 or or or or or or or | or mtr ‘Themomechanical History: ‘Commercial heat; 42 inch diameter forging Austenitised at 955°C (1751°F) for 3S hours, air cooled, and tempered by heating at 665°C (1229°F) for 35 hours andair cooling Austenitising Conditions 995°C (1751°F) for 20 minutes Source 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 500 400 300 100 Temperature °F “Hardenability of Thermomechanically Worked Low Carbon, Mn-Mo-Nb- and Mn-Mo-V Steels”, Climax Molybdenum VAN Ref 46s‘Temperature °C 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.33% C— Vanadium — Chromium -— Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel f- 1600 f- 1500 Lt pt 1300 Act | | T 1 T 1100 s 7 g 5 & to }- 400 fF 300 200 LLL | C.C.T. 100 1 10 10? 108 ‘10* 10° Time, secs ‘Composition — c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.33 | 0.39 | 0.16 | 0.005 | 0.004 | 1.09 | 3.60 | 0.72 v Ti Nb B Co 0.12 | 0.002 | 0.013 or 0.09 | 0.009 or or or snot eported Thermomechanical History: Commercial heat: samples trepanned from pipe forging Austenitising Conditions 870°C (1598°F) for 20 minutes Steel No 140 Source “Hardenability of Thermomechanically Worked Low Carbon, Min-Mo-Nb and Mn-Mo-V Steels”, Climax Molybdenum VAN Ref? 159900 800 700 600 500 Temperature °C 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.34% C- Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum. Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel iA L Per LM: = : - lA+M) L LL CCT. - 1 10 10? 10° 10* 105 Time, sees Composition Cc Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.34 | 0.26 | 0.13 | 0.007 | 0.010 | 0.61 5.10 | 0.53 v Ti Nb B a Al N Ww Co | —_} * 009} nr | nr | or | nr | or | or | nr | or rina teprted Austenitising Conditions 840°C (1544°F) for 10 minutes Grain Size 7 ‘Source Central Iron and Stee! Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 125 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 Temperature °F‘Temperature °C 800 700 600 500 300 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.34% C- Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel { L lA Wr \ [ L. Ms Me A b f S lA=M. { L CCT. - 1 0 102 10 10 19 Time, sees Composition cl mn} si | s | pe | c | Ni | Mo 0.34 | 0.2 | 0.27 | 010 | 0.006 | 1.22 | 280 | 0.50 vj mi} m] sp i]alaj)n| wi c 0.09} or | oor | nr | nr | oor | mr | mr | oe ar neteponed Austenitising Conditions 860°C (1580°F) for 1S minutes Grain Size 8 Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 107, 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 600 500 400 200 100 142 ‘Temperature °F 161‘VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.37% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 900 I ] L 1600 200 LL [- 1500 L 1400 700 seat 1300 1+ 1200 600 | 1100 g A - 1000 zB 500 - + 90 § 5 L g 2 4 | | so 8 8 - 70 § & wo” 300 L500 200 - [300 100 l| | C.C.T. - 100 1 10 10 o> 10 10s Time, secs Composition c |u| si | s | P| c | Ni | Mo 037 | 083 | 0.35 | 0.006 | 0.017 | 087 | 1.70 | 118 v{ mj) n) apf alal wn | wi co ois | oor | oor | or or | ne | or | or | or ar nt reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 860°C (1580°F) for 10 minutes Grain Size 8 Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China 162 VAN Ref 17‘Temperature°C 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF OCT AND (TT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.38% C- Vanadium — Molybdenum — Nickel ‘Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel { Ms IM | I | CCT. - 110 10 10° 10 10s Time, sees Composition c | Mn] si | s | p | cr | Ni | Mo 038 | 0.46 | 0.26 | 0.008 | 0.019 | 2.94 | 045 | 0.45 v[ujw|epjlajaln| woo sol oun | or | or | nr | 005 | 0010) mr | nr | or sr mot reported cane Reheated to 900°C (1652"F) Grain Size 65 Steel Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd,, Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 180 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 700 600 500 300 100 ‘Temperature °F 163‘Temperature°C 164 800 700 500 300 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.39% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Stee! Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 875°C (1607°F) 30minutes Source Diagram determined by Institutet for Metallforskning, Sweden VAN Ref 87 T L ras | aL Kart | iA FI P| Is Bi - M L | CCT. + 1 2345 10 102 102 10 Time, secs Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.39 | 0.75 | 0.26 | 0.033 | 0.008 | 0.94 | 0.19 | 0.03 v Ti Nb B Cu Al N w Co 0.003 | 0.007 or or 0.21 or 0.01 or or | ar-notrepored 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 833288 300 200 100 Temperature °FTemperature °C 600 400 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.39% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel Austenitising Conditions Reheated to 875°C (1607°F) 30 minutes Source Diagram determined by Institutet for Metallforskning, Sweden VAN Ref 25 SSS SSS 7 a P L Te B L [Ms IM : (B {| CCT. - 12345 10 10? 10° lo Time, secs Composition c}mMa| si | s | P| cr Ni | Mo 039 | 0.77 | 0.39 | 0.032 | 0.006 | 0.96 | 0.14 | 0.08 vi} um] N] Bi] a] a) Ny wi] oc oos | nr | or | or | 021 | nr | oor | mr | or ‘not reported ‘Temperature°E 165‘Temperature °C 166 g 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.40% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum - Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 28838 ‘Temperature °F UB L Ms 11 LI M| , L —ooe—e—e—o—— L_ 1 CCT. |- 1 10 10? 10° 10 10° Time, secs ‘Composition c | Mn] si | s | P | cr | Ni | Mo 0.40 | 0.83 | 0.33 | 0.007 | 0.011 | 1.00 | 1.75 | 0.46 v | tm ] Nb) Bi] aM] al N | Wi co Ter 012) or | ne | ne | 0.07 | 0010) nr | mr | or not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 900°C (1652°F) Grain Size 79 Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 181‘Temperature 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.40% C — Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel Actb. o7 E [Mis Bi is PL M Lo | | Austenitised 860°C L ==. | auwehided ss LEHI C.C.T. - 110 10° 10 10° o* Time, secs ‘Composition c | Mn) si | s | Pp | cr | Ni | Mo 0.40 | 0.35 | 020 | oo1s | 0010 | 127 | 403 | 0.24 v | tT | Nb] Bl cq] a] N | wo 004 | oor | oor oor | 016 | or | or | nr | or ir not reported Austenitising Conditions € 860°C (1510°F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes 4 950°C (1742"F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes Source \tlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fir Eisenforschung, 1958 VAN Ref 2260-d 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 00 400 300 200 100 Temperature °F 167\VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.49% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 900 T T T a] [| TL Ir ae a on rt T 1500 800 — Act] TT TT TTT 700 H — ASFEP | 1200 600, A 1100 2 [> 1000 gm | ' TP 0 8 2 + 80 § 2 400 + AB jf 700 z é & a Ms L - 600 + 500 As L 200 {| } 400 300 100 : ! 200 Ll iil COT. 100 1 10 10? 10° 10* a Time, secs. ‘Composition Cc Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.49 0.78 | 0.26 | 0.012 0.018 | 1.04 0.50 0.96 i v Ti Nb B cu Al N w Co 0.09 or nr nr or or mr nr or nr noteeponed ‘Thermomechanical History Normalised ‘Anstnitising Conditions 880°C (1616°F) for 20 minutes Grain Size 8 ‘Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China 168 VAN Ref 105‘Temperature°C 900 800 700 500 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.52% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum — Nickel ‘Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 4d 950°C (1742"F)in 5 minutes held for 1S minutes Source aR C [Ms L I iin | —— | Austeniti Cc itt crate cer. 1 10? 10° 10* 10° 10° Time, ses ‘Composition c Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.52 0.70 0.29 0.010 | 0.010 1.09 112 0.43 v Ti Nb B cu AL N Ww Co ais | oo | or | oo | oe | ow | ow | oo | se sotrqere Anctenting Conditions ¢ 850°C (1562°F)in 5 minutes held for 1S minutes “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fir Eisenforschung, 1958 VAN Ref2Ho-d 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 700 00 400 300 200 ‘Temperature °F 169Temperature°C 170 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.56% C— Vanadium — Chromium — Molybdenum lickel Quenched and Tempered Engineering Steel 1 1 1600 Pe eno woo = 1100 850°C (1562°F) Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories VAN Ref 193 | ll CCT. | 190 1 209345 10 10? 10° 10* Time, secs c | Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.56 | 0.67 | 0.31 | 0.023 | 0.012 | 0.76 | 1.53 | 0.24 via nb | B | cu] a | N | w | co ro ar aot eported ‘Temperature °F‘VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0:27% C- Vanadium Spring Steel L- 1500 LUE tL LUTE 1400 7 1 1300 L 1200 1100 2 p 1000 2 500 ail COT oy = L z ie mf L700 & me 300 | - 600 - 500 200 : “ 0 L300 100 4 200 CCT. | 100 1 10 102 103 10 108 Time, sees Composition cf] | s | s | Pp | co | Ni | Mo o27 | 077 | 139 | or | or | 1.64 | 020 | 086 vi nim] alain Ni wile wl«l 1500 { TE 100 no E = € 1300 - 1200 E 600 —— Fie 1100 9 & g 5 g Mi & & 300 200 } 100 | LT.T. | 100 1 L L 05 Te 10? 108 10* 105 Time, secs ‘Composition c | Mn s | P Ni | Mo 0.15 | 0.92 mr or or 0.50 0.88 0.46 v Ti Nb B Cu Al N Ww Co 0.06 or or 0.003 | 0.32 or or or or sr ntreponed a 912°C (1675°F) start at 0.1% transformation Grain Size 6-7 ‘Source Diagram reproduced from “Isothermal Transformation Diagrams of Nickel Alloy Steels”, International Nickel Co. Inc. U.S.A. 186 VAN Ref 48‘Temperature °C 3 700 600 8 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.18% C—Vanadium High Temperature Creep Resisting Steel _——— = A | CCT. - os 1 2345 10 10° 10° lot Time, secs Composition ce | Mn} si | s | P| cr | Ni | Mo 0.18 | 0.53 | 0.26 0.007 0.012) 1.00 nr | 0.96 vf] | Nn] Bp] cml] a}|N |) Ww] oc o19} nr | oor | or | oor | nr | or | or | oor sr: not reported ‘Thermomechanical History Normalised Austenitising Conditions 950°C (1742°F) for 10 minutes Source Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China VAN Ref 24 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 ‘Temperature °F 187VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.20% C-Vanadium High Temperture Creep Resisting Steel 900 I L 1600 800 1 1500 [- 1400 700 l= 1300 — 1200 600 4 1100 500 — Te 5 p 8 g + 800 Bao 1 i L700 i ms 300 L. soo 200 : j~ 400 1 300 10 Auterit rc — |—Jaug j— —|Audterit CCT. + 100 Ante fr | Ih os 1 2345 10 102 10 10+ Time, secs, ‘Composition c }] Mo) si | s | P| cr | Ni | Mo 0.20] 045 | nr | mr | nr | or | or | nr v] tm) Nn] Bi] ala] ni] wil oc 193 [nr | nr | nr | nr | or | 0.002] nr | nr nr;not reported Austenitising Conditions 904°C (1660°F) for 15 minutes 1b 1008°C (1848°F) held for 15 minutes Source Diagram determined by University of Southern California, USA 188 VAN Ref 245Temperature °C 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.21% C— Vanadium High Temperture Creep Resisting Steel 1 tH L Lt y C fA ~ /M. L | CCT.- 0.5 10? 10° 10* Time, secs Composition c Mn ] Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.21 0.48 0.97 or nr or 2.92 nr Vv Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co 1.09 or or or or 0.01 or ar or nrceoepoted Austenitising Conditions ‘2 904°C (1660°F) for 15 minutes b 1008°C (1848°F) for 15 minutes Source Diagram determined by University of Southern California, USA VAN Ref 247 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 e838 200 100 Temperature °F 189‘Temperature °C 8 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT'AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0. C—Vanadium T ] L L—-> |] I T zi = - L rt Ly [ ca L T J L | | C.C.T. |- 10 10° 10+ Time, secs. ‘Composition c | Mo] si | s | P| cr | Ni | Mo 0.24] 045 | 097} nr | nr | nr | 2.92 | ne vii | Nb | B | cu} at | N | wi] co 109} or | mr | nr | or | 055 | me | nr | or L nr not reported Anstenitising Conditions 2 904°C (1660°F) for 15 minutes 1b 1008°C (1848°F) for 15 minutes Source Diagram determined by University of Southern California, USA VAN Ref 248 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 Sees ss28 8 Temperature °FVANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.34% C- Vanadium High Temperature Creep resisting Steel 900 i L 1600 800 L- 1500 L 1400 1300 1200 1100 9 1000 8 900 5 i 800 700 & 600 500 400 L300 100 t 20 LTT. - 100 5 10 102 10° 10 108 Time, secs Composition Ma | si | s | P| G | Ni | Mo 034 ]on | or | or | or | me | 252 | 042 vj nfm] spi] a/a|n]} wo ow | nr | om | ono | om | oor | one ar not reported Pa 899°C (1650°F) startat 1% transformation o7 Steel Source Diagram reproduced from “Isothermal Transformation Diagrams of Nickel Alloy Steels”, International NickelCo. Ine. U.S.A. VANREL M9 191 ‘Temperature °FTemperature °C 192 3 700 600 300 200 100 Act lA | F+C LL Ms | ft Ll | | CCT. os 1 0 10° 10° lo* Time, sees ‘Composition c]mn] si | s cr | Ni | Mo 020 [ or | nr | or | nr | 1200] or | 1.00 — vj] | Nb) Bp] ai) al] Nn | wo 030} oor | oor | om om | om) oor |) or | or _ not reported ‘Austenitsing Conditions 1050°C(1920"F) Grain Size ASTM 4-5 Source VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.20% C— Vanadium NG. Persson, ‘Alloys for the Eighties”, Climax Molybdenum, 141-150 VAN RefS9 Temperature °FVANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.20% C- Vanadium Stainless Iron 900 7 |- 1600 Acl so te} EL ~ 1500 L 1400 oa LL 1300 A + 1200 600 1100 oS L 1000 u. elm - se i L soo & ; “ 7 : 6 (Lee & 300 Ms a4 200 100 1 10 10? 10° 10 . Time, secs Composition c [un] si | s | ep | cr | Ni | Mo 020 | 048 | 036 | 0012 | 0016 12.80 | 0.13 | 0.03 vt oos | nr | or | or | oor | 0036] nr | or | or Anstenitsing Conditions 1030°C(1886"F) ~ Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories 193VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.20% C—Vanadium Stainless Iron 900 T fet t+ ht L 1600 800 7 i }~ 1500 1 1400 700 }~ 1300 L 1200 600 1100 y 1 1000 i to T - 90 8 + 800 § 400 —— L700 é , é 300 = mal L-. 600 t 500 M 200 r y 400 L- 300 100 ———H LT 50 | | — 100 | Ss 1 2 10 10° 10 10° Time, secs ‘Composition c | Mn] si.) s | P | c& | Ni | Mo 0.20 | 0.51 | 0.33 | 0.006 | 0.022 | 11.80 | 0.49 | 1.00 vy} tm | N| Bi) am] a| N] wi] o ray o31| nr | nr | nr | 003 | 0010) nr | nr ~ or Le nt reported ‘Anstenitising Conditions 1030°C (1886°F) Source ‘Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories 194 VAN Ref 190Temperature °C 900 800 700 300 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 9.22% C- Vanadium Stainless Iron 1 Ty] Ty 10 ~ 1500 Ack fF — { - ;~ 1300 Acl L 1200 [Acts & [ve é | LI IT.T. - 100 os 1 10 10 10° 10 Time, secs ‘Composition c |] Mn] si | s | ep | Gc | Ni | Mo 022 | 0s2 | nr | or | or | mr | 535 | 0.27 v |i] | Bi] am a w | © 008 | one | oor | nr | oor | nr | mr oor | or sr:aot eported ising Conditions 899°C (1650°F) for 16 hours then cooled at 37.8°C (212°F)/hour re-Austenised to 788°C (1450°F) for 16 hoursstart at0.1% transformation Grain Size 8 Source ‘Diagram reproduced from “Isothermal Transformation Diagrams of Nickel Alloy Stee!”, International ‘Nickel Co.Inc. U.S.A. VAN Ref 150 195‘Temperature°C 196 900 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.44% C- Vanadium Acl _ Kk! +K T4 P| Y —— fusteni J — Austent cM 4 Ms CCT. 1 10 10 0 10 Time, secs ‘Composition c | mn] s | s | ep | c& | Ni | Mo 0.44 | 020 | 030 | 0.010 | 0025 | 13.12 | 0.31 | oo T vi mj)m!sapilajaln|wi|o oo2| or | nr | or | 009 | mr | mr ) me | or remot eported ‘Austenitising Conditions ¢ 980°C (1796°F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes 4 1050°C (1912°F)in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °F Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fir Eisenforschung, 1958 VAN Ref2Ibe-d3 ‘Temperature°C VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.65% C-— Vanadium Rail Steel ] 1600 ~ 1 1500 | [- 1400 Lt 1 1300 1200 -— p 1100 ny 1000, + 900 8 + 30 § ¢ L 70 §& & / - 600 So7 500 I 400 TN 300 - . 200 | LTT. 10 108 10 10+ Time, secs ‘Composition c |] Mn} si | s | P | cr | Ni | Mo 0.65 | 1.14 | 0.40 | 0.015 | 0.024 | 1.15 | or | or v |] nm || B | cla} nN} wi oc wor ous} nr | nr | or | mr | nr | 0.005) nr | nr | srsnot reported Austenitising Conditions ‘a 950°C (1742°F) for 15 minutes b 130°C (2372°F) for 1 minute Source H. Schmedderset al., Thyssen Tech, Ber.,(1) 1979, p60-69 VAN Ref Harb 197VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.73% C— Vanadium Rail Steel ad TI T 800 [> —— Le. fa tPCT Te 700, + 600 - g & aan 5 i i 400 ! qe NINE = P| L600 300 7 1 LB soo 200 Ms Tt ~ 400 L- 300 100 Mi | 200 | CCT. 100 1 209345 10 10? 10° 10+ Time, secs Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.73 | 0.77 | 0.27 | 0.010) 6912 | 1.58 | 0.01 0.46 v Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co val 0.05 or or or 0.05 | 0.010 or or or ar not reported Austenitising Conditions 885°C (1625°F) for 20 minutes Source Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Central Research Laboratories 198, VAN Ref 194Temperature °C 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.78% C— Vanadium Rail Steel (oof ToT sh 1600 As A }~ 1500 ‘Act eT 1400 eee == 1300 a i 1200 HE + Tt 1100 P 1000 + 900 & lp g p80 Ms fez L700 é [600 L- s00 400 [- 300 200 CCT. | 100 os 1 2345 10 108 10° 10+ Time, sees ‘Composition c |mn| si | s | P | cr) Ni | Mo 0.78 | 161 | 0.48 | 0028 0014) nr | nr | or l v] tm) N Bi am] a) N| W/o 016 | or | nr | nr | 018 | 0018 | 0018 | nr | or 1 sar:not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions 920°C (1688°F) for 8 minutes Source H. J. Wiester, H. A. Vogels and H. Ulmer, Stahl und Eisen, 79, 16,1959, p1120-1129 VAN Ref 72 199Temperature °C 800 700 3 300 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.67% C-- Vanadium Prestressed Concrete Wire aesyc CCT. 05 10? 10° to¢ Time, sees Composition c]™Mn) si | s | P Ni | Mo 0.67 | 1.39 | 0.75 | 0.009 | 0.015 032 | or vy | ti |) Bi] a@| al] NJ wt! o o19 | mr | nr | nr | 0.40 | 0.002] 0.010} nr | nr L ar: not reported ing Condi 2 1050°C (1922°F) in 3 minutes held for 3 minutes, 1050°C (1922"F) in 3 minutes held for 3 minutes with 50% Deformation at 850°C (1562"F) 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 ‘Temperature °F Source Stahlwerke Peine-Salzgitter AG, Salzgitter, West Germany VAN Ref 2010‘Temperature°C 800 700 g 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND IXT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.69% C-—Vanadium Prestressed Concrete Wire T TTT 1600 [Ack . pt ‘Kel hy : WI’ L 1000 - P 7 90 4 p wo 8 L700 7 é [600 | [- 500 Ms L 60 | 1 300 -- CCT. 100 os 1 108 108 10 Time, secs Composition c}]mn|] si | s | P| c@ | Ni | Mo 0.69 | 1.41 | 0.70 | 0.009 | 0.030 | 0.05 | 0.03 | nr v |] N |) Bi) aq] aA) NW) & 019} nr | nr | or | 0.03 | 0.005) 0.007} nr | nr ar: not reported a 10S0°C (1922°F) in 3 minutes held for 3 minutes 'b 1050°C (1922°F) in 3 minutes held for 3 minutes with 50% Deformation at 850°C (1562°F) Soarce Stahlwerke Peine-Salzgitter AG, Salzgiter, West Germany VAN Ref 1980-6 201‘Temperature °C 800 700, 600 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.28% C— Vanadium Tool and Die Steel (T ] T]L 1600 1} 4 Act + SSSA since ST 1 1500 | FeK len + 1300 | 1 1200 1100 L 1000 + 900 [- 800 7 B L. 700 ee | | L 600 | 300 | ‘ I 400 L300 200 | | | | C.C.T. | 100 10 10 10 108 10" Time, sees Composition c | Mn) si | s | P| cr | Ni) Mec 028 | 0.39 | 0.16 | 0.006 | 0020 | 2.35 | 0.05 | 0.06 vf] u] Ne] Bi] ami) al N/| wi) o oss} nr | nr | or | nr | me | or | 410 | or sr not eported ‘Austenitising Conditions 1090°C (1996"F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes Grain Size ASTMS-6 183 ‘Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fir Eisenforschung, 1958, VAN Ref 216 ‘Temperature °FTemperature °C 800 700 600 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.37% C~ Vanadium Tool and Die Steel —-R G--t OTME TTT TT 600 Act Ac3 = 967 i 1500 | eo t+ 1400 +E 1300 | + 1200 A t 1100 | 7 g 3 5 Ms . C.C.T, - 100 os 1 10 108 108 108 Time, secs c} mn] si | s | P } G& | Ni | Mo oar | ost | 100 | a | ar | S10) ar | 126 vj} mn] Nn} Bo a@i) al] N | wi! o o97 | om | oor | om | oo | nr oor | mr | or | sarsnot reported Thermomechanical History AsRolled Plate ‘Austenitising Conditions a Heat to 1080°C (1976°F) in 2 minutes held for 30 minutes and water quenched b Heat to 1030°C (1886°F) in 2 minutes held for 30 minutes and water quenched ‘Stee! Specification or Grade AISIHI3 Source H. Nilsson, O. Sandberg, W. Roberts, “The Influence of Austenisation Temperature and Cooling Rate after Austenisation on the Mechanical Properties of the Hot Work Tool Steels HI and H13”, Swedish Institute for Metals Research, IM-1675, 1982 VANR¢f890-6 . 208\VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.39% C~ Vanadium Tool and Die Steel 900 T Wl 4a-F 7) TTT | 1600 Aclb ler 800 Pore err IK TT — Sp 1500 ll|lx 1 1400 700 fi — 1300 \ [ 1200 0 \ - | 1100 4 1000. : se + 9m 8 Esco 7 4 lr 8B E Ws 0 6 iz = AUP & 300 | 7 abet F M| Ht L. soo ao | HPs i 400 \ 1-300 100 - : — L 200 — Austenits Ez Refer ie | COT. | 10 1 10 10 108 10+ lo Time, secs Composition c}]mn|] si | s | ep | co] Ni | Mo 0.39 | 0.45 | 0.58 | 0.003 | o.o18 | 1.45 | 0.13 | 0.47 vi] ti] Nb] B | cj Al] N | Wl c 0.70} ne | or | or | or | or | or | 055 | or ar:not reported ‘Austenitising Conditions a 1050°C (1922°F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes b 1100°C (2012°F) in 3 minutes held for 15 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fir Eisenforschung 1958 204 VAN Ref 217 0dTemperature °C 800 700 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.55% C-Vanadium Tool and Die Steel TT ][TE 1600 - 1500 Taa | | TIT = ala 1400 E See 1 z 1300 lake \ [= 1200 F 7 = 1100 1000 — — W 900 aT L g | 800 i B| | 700 \ & ow | \ _ L600 . soo L ‘ I 400 ttt | 300 = nan 200 C.C.T. 100 1 10 ie 10 lo 10° Time, sees Composition ce | Mm] si| s | P| co | Ni | Mo 0.55 | 034 | 094 | 0.012 | oo1s | 1.27 | 0.12 | 00s vy] mi] No) B | cm] a} Nn | wl oc ois} on | nr | or | me | or | mr | 240] o rina eported ‘Austenitising Conditions € 880°C (1616*F) in Sminute held for 15 minutes 950°C (1742'F) in 5 minute held for 1S minutes, Source “Atlas zur Warmebchandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung, 1958 VAN Ref 225 0-d 205= ‘Temperature °C 206 900 700 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.58% C— Vanadium Tool and Die Steel TTT tll LLY. 1 10 10 o* 108 ‘Time, secs. ‘Composition c | Mn] si | s | P| Ge | Ni | Mo oss | 090 | 1.00) nr | nr | 040 | 275 | 04s vi} tm) Ne] Bl a@i)a| Ni w O13} oar | oor oor | om | oo | or | or r:notreported ‘Austenitsing Conditions 871°C (1600°F) start at 1% transformation Source 1600 1500 1400 100 Temperature °F Diagram reproduced from “Isothermal Transformation Diagrams of Nickel Alloy Steels", International Nickel Co. Inc. U.S.A. VAN Ref 47Temperature °C “! NANITRC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 800 700 600 300 300 200 695% C2Vanadium Tool and Die Steel TWIT Act |A+K| F L — | Jot Ms | CCT. F i | L 1 10 108 10° 108 108 Time, secs, ‘Composition c | Mn} si] s | P| cr | Ni | Mo 07s | oat 022 | 0019 | 0.025 | 425 | 0.20 | nr v | tT | nv | B | q@)| al} N | w | co vs | or | oor | one | on | oor | nr | 1765) ne sr:not reported Austenitising Conditions 1270°CQ318°F) for 2} minutes Souree ‘Hutnik (in Polish), No. 8-9, 1981. VAN Ref 198 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 e888 388 Temperature°F 207‘Temperature °C 208 900 800 700 500 300 200 100 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.75% C-Vanadium Tool and Die Steel f | TT] Te Aci L Lf TTT LLIN FRC L ae } L AwF: i” tlw LUMI TOOTS CTT [ I | LTT | 1 10 10? 10° lo* 10° Time, secs ‘Composition c Mn Si s P cr Ni Mo 0.75 0.70 or nr or 0.75 1.35 0.30 v Ti Nb B Co AL N Ww Co 0.15 or or nr or or or nr or | soot pore ‘Austenitising Conditions 843°C (1550°F) Source 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 500 400 300 100 ‘Temperature °F Diagram reproduced from “Isothermal Transformation Diagrams of Nicke! Alloy Steels”, International Nickel Co. Inc. U.S.A. VAN Ref MSTemperature °C YANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.76% C—Vanadium Tool and Die Steel 900 | ] ] TT] 1600 — 1500 800 [aes ‘400 Coe 700 Fer} = = 1300 Ad [1200 600 1100 1000. oe nH ~ 900 8 L. s0 £ & 400 L700 me 300 a {~ Ms | [500 = 1 400 200 Ms A ¢| - 300 OTE deta 100 200 CCT. 100 12345 0 lo 108 108 Time, secs ‘Composition c}|™Mo| si] s | Pp | cr) Ni | Mo 0.76 | 0.29 | 0.22 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0.11 | 0.07 | 0.02 0.02} nr | nr | or | 017 | or | nr | or | oe ar: not reported Austenitising Conditions a 810°C (1490°F) in 3 minutes held for 10 minutes 1b 860°C (1580°F) in 3 minutes held for 10 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fir Bisenforschung 1958 VAN Ref 2270-d 209Temperature 210 800 700 600 500 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.85% C- Vanadium Tool and Die Steel Hota tt | LIT. |- 10 108 108 Time, secs. Composition c | Mn} si | s | Pp | cr | Ni | Mo 085 | 031 | 0.30 | 0.010 | 001s | 415 | 0.18 | 479 | 1 v |] mi] Nn] Bi a@) al] Nn | wo 201) or | nr | nr | or | nr | mr | 634) or ‘r:not reported Austenitising Conditions Preheat 850°C (1562°F) for 20 minutes. Austenised at 1190°C (2174°F) quenched for 120 seconds b Preheat 850°C (1562°F) for 20 minutes. Austenised at 1250°C (2282°F) quenched for 120 seconds Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fir Eisenforschung, 1958, VAN Ref 2200-5 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 800 700 600, 500 300 200 100 ‘Temperature °FTemperature °C 800 700 600 300 200 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.87% C- Vanadium Tool and Die Steel - IA+K g g ca4 f LUM ti 1 2345 10 108 10* 108 Times c Mn Si Ss P cr Ni Mo 0.87 ) 0.32 | 0.27 | 0.005 | 0.020 | 3.99 | 0.11 0.80 v Ti Nb B cu Al N Ww Co wal = lwl=|=| =|» jul « or Austenitising Conditions a Preheat 850°C (1562°F) for 20 minutes. Austenised at 1210°C (2210°F) quenched for 120 seconds bb Preheat 850°C (1562°F) for 20 minutes. Austenised at 1270°C (2318°F) for 120seconds Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung, 1958 VAN Ref 2300-6 2VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.80% C—Vanadium Tool and Die Steel LUT [se 1500 L 1400 1300 L 1200 += 1100 1000 ‘Temperature °C ‘Temperature °F 600 00 400 300 200 LT.T. - 100 12 10° 10 10° Time, secs, c | Ma] si s Pp | cr | Ni | Mo 0.80 | 030 | 0.23 | 0.005 | 0.019 | 4.34 | 0.30 | 0.78 1s2}om | on | oo | om | or | ne | 1789) 452 ‘ar not reported Austenitising Conditions Preheat 850°C (1562°F) for 20 minutes. Austenised at 1250°C (2282"F) quenched for 120 seconds bbPreheat 850°C (1562"F) for 20 minutes. Austenised at 1310°C (2390°F) quenched for 120 seconds Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stable”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung, 1958 212 VAN Ref ilo-b‘Temperature °C 900 800 700 600 300 300 200 100 \VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.81% C— Vanadium Tool and Die Steel sno ie L 1400 1 1300 — 1200 1100 L 1000 1 900 10 10+ 10 Time, sees Composition ce [Mo] si | os | Pp | c | Ni | Mo 0.81 | 0.33 | 015 | 0.003 | 0.024) 3.77 | 0.12 | 0.44 vit} xn] Bi} a@\a|n i] wi oc 107] oor | or | oor | or | mr | or | 1825] or ar not reported Austenitising Conditions a Preheat 850°C (1562°F) for 20 minutes. Austenised at 1230°C (2246"F) quenched for 120 seconds Preheat 850°C (1562'F) for 20 minutes. Austenised at 1290°C (2354°F) quenched for 120 seconds Temperature °F Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fir Fisenforschung, 1958 VAN Ref WSa-b 213Temperature °C 24 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.85% C- Vanadium Tool and Die Steel 900 7 1 | | L 1600 aon _ }- 1500 | Ac! | LJ Hh _. }- 1400 700 t gq 1300 = — 1200 600 1100 | + 1000 500 7 THE 900 8 Ls & 400 T | f- 700 i | bo wm 1 - 500 200 —— Fee si ™ f *{ | L300 100 a . - - 200 TE Iausler IC.C.T. 100 = eh LUTTIMN (fee os 1 10 10 10 108 Time, sees ‘Composition c | Mn si Ss | P |G Ni | Mo 0.85 | 0.65 | 0.30 | 0.030 | 0013 0.12 905 0.50 [y tT | Nb) B | @| aA oN) Wi) & t | 003} nr | or | mr | 008 | 0.051 | mr | mr | mr be | errno reporter ‘Austenitising Conditions 8 930°C (1706°F) held for 30 minutes b 830°C (1526°F) held for 15 minutes Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fiir Eisenforschung, 1958 VAN Ref 2400-4‘Temperature °C 900 800 700 600 300 200 VANITEC ATLAS OF CCT AND ITT DIAGRAMS FOR VANADIUM STEELS 0.97% C— Vanadium Tool and Die Steel ‘Temperature °F c | ma | si s P | c | Ni | Mo 037 | oxs 031 | 0.006 | 0.035 4.11 | 025 | 261 vin Nb | B | cu | Al w | Co Austenitising Conditions r:not reported a Preheat 850°C (1562°F) for 20 minutes. Austenised at 1180°C (2156"F) quenched for 120 seconds b Preheat 850°C (1562"F) for 20 minutes. Austenised at 1240°C (2264°F) quenched for 120 seconds Source “Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle”, Max-Planck Institut fir Eisenforschung, 1958 VAN Ref 2280-6 215

Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams For Vanadium Steels

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Atlas of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams For Vanadium Steels

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