Professional Documents
Culture Documents
savannahstate.edu/misc/dowlingw/3155/Practice%20Exams/quiz_3_-_preview.htm
1.
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2.
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3.
The larger the standard deviation of an investment's return, the larger is the investment's risk.
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4.
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5.
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6.
Retained earnings represents the earnings accumulated by the firm over its life.
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7.
Accounts receivable are adjusted for doubtful accounts (i.e., accounts that may not be paid).
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8.
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9.
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10.
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11.
Federal income taxes favor the retention of earnings over the distribution of earnings.
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12.
If a firm does not pay cash dividends, it may reinvest the earnings and grow.
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13.
Persons owning stock on the day a dividend is declared receive the dividend.
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14.
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15.
An increase in the required return will tend to increase the value of a stock.
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16.
The value of a common stock depends in part on the expected growth in dividends.
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17.
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18.
Many bonds have a call feature, which permits the firm to retire the bonds prior to maturity.
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19.
If interest rates rise after a bond is issued, the yield to maturity will exceed the current yield.
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20.
The current yield and yield to maturity are equal when the bond is initially sold for its face value.
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21.
An investor may anticipate that a bond will be called if interest rates have risen.
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22.
Since bonds pay a fixed amount of interest, their prices do not fluctuate.
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23.
If a stock increased from $25 to $50 in five years, the annual rate of return was 20 percent.
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24.
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25.
The calculation of a rate of return assumes dividend income is reinvested at the current dividend yield.
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26.
The shares of closed-end investment companies are bought and sold in secondary markets like the
NYSE.
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27.
Investments in mutual funds reduce the systematic risk associated with investing in stocks.
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28.
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29.
An index fund seeks to duplicate an index of the market such as the S&P 500 stock index.
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30.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
31.
A diversified portfolio
a.
b.
c.
d.
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32.
The risk associated with dispersion around an expected value (e.g., expected return) is measured by the
a.
beta coefficient
b.
c.
standard deviation
d.
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33.
Systematic risk
1.
is the tendency for a stock's return and the return on the market to move together
2.
3.
4.
a.
1 and 2
b.
2 and 3
c.
1 and 4
d.
2 and 4
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34.
b.
c.
d.
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35.
2.
3.
a.
1 and 2
b.
1 and 3
c.
2 and 3
d.
only 1
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36.
b.
c.
an increase in plant
d.
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37.
plant
b.
inventory
c.
equipment
d.
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38.
b.
cash
c.
retained earnings
d.
depreciation
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39.
a stock repurchase
b.
a decrease in inventory
c.
d.
a stock dividend
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40.
b.
c.
d.
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41.
b.
c.
d.
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42.
Times-interest-earned uses
a.
gross earnings
b.
operating earnings
c.
net earnings
d.
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43.
b.
c.
d.
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44.
liquidity
b.
leverage
c.
performance
d.
turnover
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45.
investments
2.
3.
retained earnings
a.
1 and 2
b.
1 and 3
c.
2 and 3
d.
1, 2, and 3
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46.
b.
c.
d.
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47.
2.
3.
the firm may pay the brokerage and other fees associated with the plans
a.
1 and 2
b.
1 and 3
c.
2 and 3
d.
1, 2, and 3
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48.
If a stock's price is $90 and the stock is split three for one, the price becomes
a.
$90
b.
$60
c.
$45
d.
$30
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49.
b.
c.
d.
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50.
Stock repurchases
a.
b.
c.
increase liabilities
d.
decrease liabilities
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51.
When risk analysis is introduced into the dividend-growth model, the required rate of return considers
a.
b.
c.
d.
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52.
If the valuation of a stock is $20 and it currently sells for $25, then
1.
2.
3.
4.
a.
1 and 3
b.
1 and 4
c.
2 and 3
d.
2 and 4
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53.
An increase in investors' required return should cause the value of a common stock to
a.
rise
b.
fall
c.
remain unchanged
d.
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54.
bankrupt
b.
in default
c.
profitable
d.
in registration
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55.
Which of the following reduces the investor's risk associated with investing in bonds?
1.
a sinking fund
2.
3.
a call feature
a.
1 and 2
b.
1 and 3
c.
2 and 3
d.
1, 2, and 3
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56.
calling it
2.
repurchasing it
3.
a.
1 and 2
b.
1 and 3
c.
2 and 3
d.
only 2
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57.
b.
c.
d.
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58.
b.
c.
d.
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59.
b.
c.
d.
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60.
2.
3.
4.
a.
1 and 3
b.
1 and 4
c.
2 and 3
d.
2 and 4
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61.
2.
3.
4.
a.
1 and 3
b.
1 and 4
c.
2 and 3
d.
2 and 4
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62.
b.
c.
d.
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63.
If a stock rose from $10 to $30 over ten years, the annual rate of return
a.
was 20 percent
b.
c.
d.
cannot be determined
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64.
b.
c.
d.
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65.
b.
c.
d.
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66.
b.
c.
d.
the value of the assets have declined more than the price of the stock
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67.
An index fund
a.
b.
c.
d.
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68.
distributed
b.
retained
c.
reinvested
d.
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69.
b.
c.
d.
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70.
2.
3.
4.
a.
1 and 3
b.
1 and 4
c.
2 and 3
d.
2 and 4
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71.
2.
3.
4.
a.
1 and 2
b.
1 and 4
c.
2 and 3
d.
3 and 4
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72.
b.
c.
d.
a firm's earnings
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73.
b.
accrued interest
c.
accounts payable
d.
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74.
b.
c.
d.
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75.
accrued interest
b.
inventory
c.
cash equivalents
d.
retained earnings
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76.
b.
c.
d.
is profitable
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77.
b.
c.
d.
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78.
b.
c.
d.
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79.
2.
3.
default
a.
1 and 2
b.
1 and 3
c.
2 and 3
d.
1, 2, and 3
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80.
b.
c.
d.
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Problem
81.
What is the expected return on a stock if the firm will earn 24% during a period of economic boom, 14%
during normal economic periods, and 2% during a period of recession if the probabilities of these
economic environments are 20%, 65%, and 15%, respectively?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
The expected return is a weighted average of the individual possible returns, each
weighted by the probability of their occurring:
Expected return
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82.
You bought a stock with a beta of 1.4 and earned a return of 8.3%. Did you outperform the market if,
during the same period, the market rose by 7.4% and you could have earned 5.4% by investing in a
Treasury bill?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
The material in this problem was not explicitly covered in the chapter. You may use
the problem to set up the question, "What return should you have earned during a
particular investment horizon?" The answer uses the capital asset model to evaluate
performance. Thus, the return that should have been realized is
Rf + (R m - Rf) beta = 5.4% + (8.3 - 5.4)1.4 = 9.46%.
The actual return (8.3% return) is less than the return that would be expected given
the beta and the market performance. The stock under-performed the market on a
risk-adjusted basis.
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REF:
83.
25%
10,000
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$60,000
Interest earned
2,400
15,000
Interest expense
5,000
Sales
100,000
90,000
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
60,000
40,000
15,000
Operating income
25,000
Interest expense
5,000
Interest earned
Earnings before taxes
Taxes
POINTS:
$100,000
2,400
22,400
5,600
$ 16,800
10,000
$1.68
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84.
Given the following information, construct the statement of cash flow. What happened to the firm's
liquidity position during the year?
Net income
$16.7
6.1
13.6
Sale of bonds
55.1
Dividends
14.8
Retirement of bonds
10.8
Increase in inventory
15.2
Depreciation expense
56.0
72.1
5.0
Sale of stock
0.4
91.0
Beginning cash
1.1
Repurchase of stock
5.6
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
Statement of Cash Flows for the Period Ending
December 31, 20XX
Operating activities
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Net income
$16.7
Depreciation
56.0
6.1
Increase in inventory
(15.2)
13.6
(5.0)
$72.2
Investment activities
Increase in plant
(91.0)
($91.0)
Financing activities
Proceeds from sale of long-term debt
55.1
(10.8)
Dividends
(14.8)
Repurchase of stock
(5.6)
Sale of stock
0.4
$24.3
$1.1
$6.6
The firm's cash position has increased, but that does not mean the firm is more liquid
since inventory and accounts payable increased while accounts receivable declined.
You should also note that the firm increased its investment in plant by using the cash
generated through depreciation and the issuing of new long-term debt. The earnings
and sale of stock did not cover dividends and stock repurchases. This indicates that
the firm is more financially leveraged.
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REF:
85.
Currently the price of a stock is $58 a share. The firm's balance sheet is as follows:
Assets
Cash
$ 10,000,000
Accounts payable
$ 20,000,000
Accounts
250,000,000
Long-term debt
400,000,000
10,000,000
receivable
Inventory
120,000,000
Plant and
325,000,000
equipment
$705,000,000
90,000,000
185,000,000
$705,000,000
Construct a new balance sheet showing the impact of a two-for-one stock split. What will be the new price
of the stock?
RESPONSE:
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ANSWER:
Cash
$ 10,000,000
Accounts payable
$ 20,000,000
Accounts
250,000,000
Long-term debt
400,000,000
10,000,000
receivable
Inventory
120,000,000
2,000,000 shares
outstanding)
Plant and
325,000,000
equipment
Retained earnings
$705,000,000
86.
90,000,000
185,000,000
$705,000,000
The only changes are the entries under common stock since there are now
Construct a new balance
sheet
showing
the
impact
a 5 percent stock dividend. What will be the new
2,000,000
shares
of $5
par
stock of
outstanding.
price of the stock?
The new price of the stock is $58/2 = $29.
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ANSWER:
Cash
$ 10,000,000
Accounts payable
$ 20,000,000
Accounts
250,000,000
Long-term debt
400,000,000
10,500,000
receivable
Inventory
120,000,000
1,050,000 shares
outstanding)
Plant and
325,000,000
equipment
Retained earnings
$705,000,000
92,400,000
182,100,000
$705,000,000
The firm issues (.05)(1,000,000) = 50,000 shares with a $10 par value. The common
stock entry is increased by $500,000 to $10,500,000.
The market value of the stock is $58 50,000 = $2,900,000.
Retained earnings are reduced by $2,900,000 to $182,100,000.
Since retained earnings are reduced by $2,900,000 and common stock is increased
only by $500,000, $2,400,000 is unaccounted for. In order to balance the balance
sheet, additional paid-in capital is increased by $2,400,000.
The new price of the stock is $58 /1.05 = $55.24. This price adjustment is necessary
to adjust for the dilution of the old stock that results from the stock dividend.
Be certain to point out that in both the stock split and the stock dividend (1) assets
are not changed, (2) liabilities are not changed, and (3) total equity is not changed.
All that occurs is (1) a reduction in the price of the stock resulting from the increase in
the number of shares, and (2) some changes in the individual entries in the equity
section of the balance sheet.
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REF:
87.
A company whose stock is selling for $45 has the following balance sheet:
Assets
$32,000
Liabilities
$10,000
Common stock
6,000
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shares issued)
Additional paid-in
2,000
capital
Retained earnings
14,000
a.
Construct a new balance sheet showing a 3 for 1 stock split. What is the new price for the stock?
b.
What would be the balance sheet if the firm paid a 10 percent stock dividend (instead of the
stock split)?
RESPONSE:
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ANSWER:
a.
$32,000
Liabilities
$10,000
Common stock
6,000
2,000
capital
Retained earnings
14,000
The firm now has 3,000 shares outstanding with a $2 par value. The price of
the stock adjusts to $45/3 = $15.
b.
$32,000
Liabilities
$10,000
Common stock
6,600
5,900
capital
Retained earnings
9,500
The 10 percent stock dividend results in the firm issuing 100 new shares.
$4,500 ($45 100) is subtracted from retained earnings and added to the
other equity accounts. $600 (100 $6 par) is added to stock outstanding.
The residual ($3,900) additional paid-in capital.
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88.
Your broker recommends that you purchase Good Mills at $30. The stock pays a $2.20 annual dividend,
which (like its per share earnings) is expected to grow annually at 8 percent. If you want to earn 15
percent on your funds, is this stock a good buy?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
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REF:
89.
If you purchase Large Oil, Inc. for $36 and the firm pays a $3.00 annual dividend which you expect to
grow at 7.5 percent, what is the implied annual rate of return on your investment?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
Rate of return
= D 0(1 + g)/P + g
= $3(1 + .075)/$36 + .075 = 16.46%
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REF:
90.
Two stocks each pay a $1 dividend that is growing annually at 8 percent. Stock A's beta = 1.3; stock B's
beta = 0.8.
a.
b.
If Treasury bills yield 9 percent and you expect the market to rise by 13 percent, what is your riskadjusted required return for each stock?
c.
Using the dividend-growth model, what is the maximum price you would be willing to pay for each
stock?
d.
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RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
a.
b.
For stock A:
Required rate = .09 + (.13 - .09)1.3 = 14.2%
For stock B:
Required rate = .09 + (.13 - .09)0.8 = 12.2%
c.
Valuation of stock A:
Valuation of stock B:
d.
POINTS:
Even though the dividends and growth rates are equal, stock A is riskier
(higher beta) which reduces its valuation.
-- / 1
REF:
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91.
What is the value of a preferred stock that pays an annual dividend of $3 a share and competitive yields
are 5%, 10%, and 15%?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
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REF:
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92.
the firm's earnings and dividends are growing annually at 10 percent, the current dividend is
$1.32, and investors require a 15 percent return on investments in common stock?
b.
What is the value of this stock if you add risk to the analysis and the firm's beta coefficient is 0.8,
the risk-free rate is 9 percent, and the return on the market is 15 percent?
c.
If the price of the stock is $35, what is the rate of return offered by the stock? Should the investor
acquire this stock?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
a.
b.
c.
The rate of return is less than the required rate (14.15% versus 15%) until the risk
adjustment is made. After this adjustment, the expected rate of return exceeds the
required rate of return (14.15% versus 13.8%); therefore, buy the stock.
POINTS:
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REF:
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93.
What is the annual rate of return on an investment in a common stock that cost $40.50 if the current
dividend is $1.50 and the growth in the value of the shares and the dividend is 8 percent?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
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REF:
94.
$1,000
semi-annual interest
$50
maturity
10 years
a.
b.
What would be the price if comparable debt yields 12% and the bond matures after five years?
c.
What are the current yields and yields to maturity in a. and b.?
d.
What would be the bond's price in a. and b. if interest rates declined to 8%?
e.
f.
What two generalizations may be drawn from the above price changes?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
a.
49/55
PV = -885.)
b.
c.
Current yield
Yield to maturity
in a:
$100/$885 =
11.3%
12%
in b:
$100/$926 =
10.8%
12%
Notice that the yield to maturity is the yield on the comparable debt. Students
may confirm this by calculating the yield to maturity.
d.
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e.
f.
POINTS:
Current
yields
Yield to maturity
a:
$100/$1,136
= 8.8%
8%
b:
$100/$1,082
= 9.2%
8%
(1)
(2)
The longer the term of the bond (ten versus five years), the greater is
the price fluctuation.
-- / 1
REF:
95.
You purchase a bond for $875. It pays $80 a year (i.e., the semiannual coupon is 4 percent), and the bond
matures after ten years. What is the yield to maturity?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
The yield to maturity equates the present value of the interest payments and
principal repayment. In this problem, that rate is 10%:
($40)(12.462) + ($1,000)(0.377) = $875.48.
(PV = -875; I = ?; N = 20; PMT = 40, and FV = 1000, I = 5 per period or 10 annually.)
POINTS:
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REF:
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96.
You purchase a high-yield, junk bond for $1,000 that pays $140 annually. After buying the bond, yields
decline and you are able to reinvest the interest at only 9 percent. You reinvest all the interest payments.
How much will you have when the bond is retired after twelve years? What was the annual return you
earned on this investment?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
POINTS:
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REF:
97.
Determine the current market prices of the following $1,000 bonds if the comparable rate is 10 percent
and answer the following questions.
XY 5 1/4 percent (interest paid annually) for 20 years
AB 14 percent (interest paid annually) for 20 years
a.
Which bond has a current yield that exceeds the yield to maturity?
b.
c.
If CD, Inc. has a bond with a 5 1/4 percent coupon and a maturity of 20 years but which was lower
rated, what would be its price relative to the XY, Inc bond? Explain.
RESPONSE:
52/55
ANSWER:
POINTS:
a.
The current yield of the AB, Inc. bond exceeds the yield to maturity (10.25%
versus 10%) because the current yield does not consider the loss of the
premium the investors will suffer over the lifetime of the bond.
b.
There is no reason to expect the firm to call the XY bond, because the firm
could repurchase the bonds at a discount. The AB bond, however, may be
called. Current interest rates are lower (10% versus the 14% coupon on that
bond), so the firm could refund the debt. (The instructor should ask what
impact the expectation of such refunding may have on the price of the bond.)
c.
Since the CD and XY bonds are identical with regard to interest paid and
term to maturity, the factor that differentiates them is the credit rating. The
CD bond has a lower credit rating, so its value relative to the XY bond should
be less. Such a lower price will increase the yield to the investor and
presumably would be necessary to induce the investor to purchase the
riskier bond.
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REF:
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98.
You bought a stock for $28.29 that paid the following dividends
Year
Dividend
$1.00
$1.50
$1.80
After the third year, you sold the stock for $35. What was the annual rate of return?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
Select a rate and determine if it equates both sides of the equation. For example,
select 12 percent:
$1(.893) + 1.50(.797) + 1.80(.712) + 35(.712) = $28.29
The annual rate of return is 12 percent.
The same answer may be derived using a financial calculator, but it requires the
student to enter unequal cash inflows for each period.
POINTS:
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REF:
99.
If an investor purchases shares in a no load fund for $36, receives cash distributions of $1.27 and sells
the shares after one year for $41.29, what is the percentage return on the investment?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
POINTS:
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100.
If an investor buys shares in a closed-end investment company for $46 and the net asset value is $53,
what is the discount? If the company distributes $1, the net asset value rises to $58, and the investor sells
the shares for a premium of 5 percent over the net asset value, what is the percentage earned on the
investment?
RESPONSE:
ANSWER:
The discount is $53 - 46 = $7 (The shares initially sell for a discount of $7/53 = 13.2
percent from net asset value.)
The percentage return is ($1 + 1.05(58) - 46)/$46 = 34.6%.
POINTS:
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REF:
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