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WHAT ARE THE FACTORS

INFLUENCING COMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH TEST RESULTS OF
CONCRETE?
Suryakanta | February 26, 2015 | Concrete, Concrete Technology, Materials, Tests On Concrete,
Tests On Hardened Concrete | No Comments

FACTORS AFFECTING STRENGTH TEST RESULTS OF

CONCRETE
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WHATARETHEFACTORSINFLUENCINGCOMPRESSIVESTRENGTHTESTRESULTSOFCONCRETE?|CivilBlog.Org

Compressive strength is the most important property of concrete. The compressive strength of
concrete is determined in the laboratory in controlled conditions. On the basis of this test
result we judge the quality of concrete. But sometimes the strength test results vary so widely
that it becomes difficult to reach at any conclusion. This variation in test results can be avoided
by taking necessary steps.
There are 5 factors which influence strength of concrete when tested for compressive strength.
These factors are mentioned below.
1. Shape & Size of Test Specimens
2. Height to Diameter Ratio
3. Rate of Application of Load
4. Moisture Content in the Test Specimen
5. Material Used for Capping

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1. SHAPE & SIZE OF TEST SPECIMENS

Shape & size of specimens affect the strength test result of concrete to a large extent. If two
cubes of different sizes but prepared from the same concrete, are tested then they will show
different test results. For example, strength of a cube specimen having 10 cm in size is 10%
less than strength of a cube specimen having 15 cm in size.
If two cubes of different shapes (such as cube & cylinder) are tested, then they will show
different test results. From experiment it has been found that strength of the cylinder of size
15 cm diameter and 30 cm long is equal to 0.8 times the strength of 15 cm cube.

2. HEIGHT TO DIAMETER RATIO

Generally for testing cylindrical concrete specimen, the height to diameter ratio is kept 2. But
sometimes it is not possible to keep the height/diameter ratio equal to 2 when the core is cut
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WHATARETHEFACTORSINFLUENCINGCOMPRESSIVESTRENGTHTESTRESULTSOFCONCRETE?|CivilBlog.Org

from road pavement or airfield or any part of the structure.

If the length of the core is too long, it can be trimmed to h/d ratio of 2:1, before testing. But if

DENSITY TEST OF
HYDRAULIC CEMENT
(ASTM-C-188)

the length of core specimen is short, it is necessary to apply a correction factor to the test

October 14, 2015

result.
A correction factor according to the height / diameter ratio of the specimen after capping is
obtained from the curve as shown below.

CLAY LUMPS AND FRIABLE

PARTICLES IN AGGREGATE
(ASTM-C-142)
October 13, 2015

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
OF HYDRAULIC CEMENT
MORTAR (ASTM-C-109)
October 12, 2015

DETERMINATION OF
RODDED UNIT WEIGHT OF
COARSE AGGREGATE
(ASTM-C-29)
October 10, 2015

9 FACTORS AFFECTING
DYNAMIC CONE
PENETRATION TEST
RESULT [DCPT]
October 1, 2015

Correction factor for height-diameter ratio of a core

The product of this correction factor and the measured compressive strength will give the
corrected compressive strength. This corrected compressive strength is equivalent to the
http://civilblog.org/2015/02/26/whatarethefactorsinfluencingcompressivestrengthtestresultsofconcrete/

QUALITY REQUIREMENTS
FOR BURNT CLAY FLY ASH
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September 29, 2015
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10/15/2015

WHATARETHEFACTORSINFLUENCINGCOMPRESSIVESTRENGTHTESTRESULTSOFCONCRETE?|CivilBlog.Org

strength of a cylinder having height / diameter ratio of 2.

3. RATE OF APPLICATION OF LOAD

Rate of application of load has a considerable influence on the strength test results. If the rate
of application of load is slow, or there is some time lag,. Then it will result into lower values of
strength. The reason behind this is creep. Due to slower application of load, the specimen will
undergo some amount of creep which in turn increases the strain. And this increased strain is
responsible for failure of test sample, resulting lower strength values.

4. MOISTURE CONTENT IN THE TEST SPECIMEN

The presence of moisture content in the test specimen also affects the test result to a great
extent. If two cubes (one is wet & another is dry) prepared from the same concrete, are tested

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STAIRS COMMONLY
DESIGNED FOR BUILDINGS
September 28, 2015

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September 27, 2015

HOW TO DECIDE DEPTH

AND SPACING OF TRIAL
PITS AND BORING?
September 25, 2015

at the same age, then the dry cube will give higher strength than the wet cube. This may be
caused due to the reduction of cohesion of concrete ingredients due to presence of water.
To get reproducible results, it is advised that the concrete cubes or cylinders should be tested

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
SCAFFOLDING, SHORING &
UNDERPINNING

immediately on removal from the curing tank. Because if you test concrete in dry condition

September 24, 2015

then the test results will vary largely.

Next

5. MATERIAL USED FOR CAPPING

There are various methods available for capping concrete cylinders such as, sulphur capping,
gypsum capping & cement mortar capping etc (click here to know more about capping). The
type of capping material used has also some amount of effect on the value obtained from
strength test. So it is suggested that for a particular construction project, the method of
capping the concrete cylinders should be one. And this one method should not be changed at
any times. By employing this method we can avoid wide variations in test results and can judge
the quality of concrete.
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Suryakanta
Geotechnical-Material Engineer. You can connect me on Google +.
To know more about me just visit AboutMe

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WHATARETHEFACTORSINFLUENCINGCOMPRESSIVESTRENGTHTESTRESULTSOFCONCRETE?|CivilBlog.Org

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

QUALITY

10 DIFFERENT TYPES

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

WHAT ARE THE

SAFE BEARING

WHAT CAUSE DEFECTS

REQUIREMENTS FOR

OF STAIRS

SCAFFOLDING,

ADVANTAGES OF

CAPACITY VALUES OF

IN BRICK MASONRY

BURNT CLAY FLY ASH

COMMONLY

SHORING &

HOLLOW CONCRETE

DIFFERENT SOILS &

AND ITS REMEDIES?

BUILDING BRICKS

DESIGNED FOR

UNDERPINNING

BLOCK MASONRY?

ROCKS

BUILDINGS

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