IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLAR INVERTER FOR HOME /

GARDEN / STREET LIGHT APPLICATIONS

ABSTRACT
The solar energy is converted to electrical energy by photovoltaic(PV) cells. This energy is stored in batteries during the day time in order to be
utilized whenever required. This project is designed to use solar energy for household
loads using Inverer. This project deals with a controlled charging mechanism which
protects over charge, deep discharge and under voltage of the battery.A solar inverter,
or PV inverter, converts its direct current (DC) output of a photovoltaic solar panel into
a utility frequency alternating current (AC) that can be fed into a commercial
electrical grid or used by a local, off-line electrical network.

In this project, the solar energy is stored in the battery from Photo Voltaic cells.
This stored energy of battery is converted in of linemode to AC supply of 50 Hz
frequency using PWM inverter IC with MOSFET gate by driver IC to driver a half
MOSFET bridge and a step-up transformer. A set of op-amps are used as comparators to
continuously monitor panel voltage, load current, etc. Indications are also provided by a
green LED for fully charged battery while a set of red LEDs indicate under charged,
overloaded and deep discharge conditions. Charge controller also uses MOSFET as
power semiconductor switch to ensure cutting of the load in low battery or overload
condition. A transistor is used to bypass the solar energy to a dummy load while the
battery gets fully charged. This protects the battery from getting over charged.

Furthermore, the project can be enhanced by using microcontroller and GSM modem to
communicate the status of the system to a control room via SMS.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Bridge-MOSFETs drive, Step up Transformer, Voltage

regulator, MOSFET driver, PWM inverter IC, Solar
Panel, Battery