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5.The respiratory centre in the brain stem receives input from the following except:
a) the aortic and carotid bodies
b) bronchiolar stretch receptors via vagal afferents
c) oxygen-sensitive chemoreceptors in the medulla
d) receptors which respond to the hydrogen ion concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid
e) mechanoreceptors of the larynx
6.The carotid bodies has the following properties except the following except :
a) have cells which respond only to decrease in PaO2
b) have the highest blood flow (ml/unit weight) in the body
c) maximally stimulate the respiratory centre between 4-8 kPa
d) increase the respiratory drive when mean arterial pressure decreases below 70 mmHg
the
15.Pulmonary artery wedge pressure will be greater than left ventricular end
diastolic pressure in the following situations except:
a) presence of mitral valve prosthesis
b) positive end-expiratory pressure during mechanical ventilation
c) catheter tip in Zone I
d) non-compliant left ventricle
e) mitral stenosis
29.In a normal resting man, a fall in heart rate would be expected to occur following
except :
a) increased carotid sinus pressure
b) increased right atrial pressure
c) application of pressure to the eyeball
d) the release of a Valsalva manoeuvre
e) inspiration
33. Concerning the opioids used in the perioperative period all are correct except:
a) the volume of distribution of fentanyl is greater than that of morphine
b) at physiological pH morphine is more ionised than alfentanil
c) morphine is more protein bound than fentanyl
d) fentanyl penetrates the blood-brain barrier more quickly than morphine
e) pethidine has a metabolite with epileptogenic potency
Easy to titrate.
Intermediate acting opiods agonist
Rapid predictable recovery.
Permits an analgised based sedation with increased patient awarness .
Cocaine.
Mepivacaine.
Procaine.
Chloraprocaine.
Each ampule contains fentanyl as citrate, sodium chloride, water for injection.
IT is narcotic analgesic . .
Contraindicated in severe hemorrhage as shock when administered epidurally.
Can breast feed when the mother takes fentanyl in 8 hours duration post fentanyl.
IS TRUE:
infrared
analysis
may
be
used
Carbondioxide
Oxygen.
nitrous oxide
Carbonmonoxide.
for
Hypertesion.
Bradycardia.
Tachycardia.
Hiccup.
Hpoventilation.
1ml/Ib/body wt.
2ml/Ib/body wt.
3ml/Ib/body wt.
4ml/Ib/body wt.
Cardiac arrhythmias.
Rising ETCO2.
Neck vein distension.
Bronchospasm .
Pulmonary edema.
Lt pneumonectomy.
Pulmonary fibrosis.
Emphysema.
Mainstem brochi.
Bronchiols.
Terminal bronchiols.
Vocal cord.
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Heart rate.
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.
Central versus pressure.
Systolic atrial pressure.
62. The human blood product with lowest risk of hepatitis trasmission is :
A. Whole blood.
B. F.F.P.
C. Frozen washed red blood cells.
D. Salt, poor albumin.
Pronchopulmonary lavage.
Bronchopulmonary fistula.
Pulmonary abscess.
Pneumonectomy for cancer.
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Arginine.
Lecine.
Tyrosine.
Tryptamin.
69. The ketone bodies which are part of fatty acid metabolism in diabetic patients
include all , EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Acetone.
Beta hydroxy glutamic acid.
Beta hydroxybutyric acid.
Acetoacitic acid.
A.Polypeptides.
Glycopurvate -.
Found in lowest concentration in areas with high cocentration of opiod receptors.Likely to be used as I.V. agents in the future.
71. The most sesitive diagnostic method for recognizing air embolism:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.T.CO2.
Invasive arterial pressure.
Central versus pressure.
Pericardial dopplar monitors.
Maximum beta-blockade.
Sinus tachycardia.
Sinus bradycardia.
Low preload.
Propebly timed atrial contractions.
73. In anesthesia of repair of lacerated cornea , which of the following drugs should
be AVOIDED:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Halothane.
Ketamine.
Atracorium.
Pancrium ..
74. The anesthetic considerations in patients with mitral stenosis includes all
EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
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77. Following spinal anesthesia, the most fibers to be affected are usually serving:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Pressure.
Touch.
Propioception.
Temperature.
In debilated patients.
In aged patients.
With rapid injection.
With injection at T12- than L5.
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84-The following conditions do not require immediate surgical intervention all true
except
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
necrotising enterocolitis
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
pyloric stenosis
gastroschisis
imperforate anus
87-When wash and centrifugation technique is used for blood salvage : true except
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true except
a.
b.
c.
d.
Drugs prescribed and administered with too little attention to patients response
Concerns about adverse effects to drugs and opioid dependence
Workload and lack of staff are causes of suboptimal pain management
Availability of effective analgesics and new technologies for drug administration have
eliminated present concerns
e. Critical review of present routines is usually indicated to improve POPM .
true
true except
true except
false
Is frequently traumatic
Should be reserved for major intra-oral operations
Cuffed tubes are more likely to cause bleeding than non-cuffed ones
Awake evaluation of the nasal airway patency is reliable
Cocaine remains the most effective vasoconstrictor for nasotracheal intubation.
true except
A. The arterial-capnography difference is greater with mainstream rather than sidestream sampling
B. Helium causes infra-red capnographs to underestimate carbon dioxide levels
C. Mainstream sampling is more stable within patients than side-stream sampling
D. Errors caused by dilutionwill be exacerbated by long beam lengths in the measuring
cells
E. Smoking will also increase the arterial-capnography difference.
true except
The age-adjusted death rate for diabetics has increased by 30% since1980
The life-expectancy of a patient with DM is shortened by 15 years
Volatile anesthetic agents may adversely affect non-insulindependent DM(Type 2 ).
Regional anesthesia improves outcome in diabetic patients
a2 agonists reduce insulin secretion.
17
true except
Acute STelevation
Aortic regurgitation due to aortic dissection
Duodenal ulcer
Pericarditis
Minor STelevation.
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