Gamelan Ensemble

Music

Gamelan
(mln) is the
traditional ensemble
music of Java and
Bali
in Indonesia, made
up
predominantly
of
percussive
instruments.
The
most
common
instruments
used
are
metallophones
played by mallets
and
a set of hand-played
drums
called
kendhang
which
register the beat. Other instruments include xylophones, bamboo flutes, a bowed instrument called a
rebab, and even vocalists called sindhen.
The word gamelan comes from the low Javanese word gamel, which may refer to a type of
mallet used to strike instruments or the act of striking with a mallet. The term karawitan refers to the
playing of gamelan instruments, and comes from the word rawit, meaning 'intricate' or 'finely
worked'. The word derives from the Javanese word of Sanskrit origin, rawit, which refers to the sense
of smoothness and elegance idealized in Javanese music. Another word from this root, pangrawit,
means a person with such sense, and is used as an honorific when discussing esteemed gamelan
musicians. The high Javanese word for gamelan is gangsa, formed either from the words tembaga
and rejasa referring to the materials used in bronze gamelan construction (copper and tin), or tiga
and sedasa referring to their proportions (three and ten).
Gamelan is an instrumental ensemble including metallophones, xylophones, drums gongs,
bamboo flutes, and plucked strings. In Indonesia, gamelan usually accompanies dance wayang
puppet performances, such as the 3.14 Companys 2001 Wayang Tempest production, rituals, or
ceremonies. There are several different tuning systems associated with Gamelan, and each orchestra
may include instruments tuned in several different systems. The music is improvised and tonal,
featuring complex harmonies and rhythms.

Kabuki

Arts

Kabuki (?) is a classical Japanese dance-drama. Kabuki theatre is known for the
stylization of its drama and for the elaborate make-up worn by some of its performers.
The individual kanji, from left to right, mean sing (), dance (), and skill (). Kabuki is therefore
sometimes translated as "the art of singing and dancing". These are, however, ateji characters which
do not reflect actual etymology. The kanji of 'skill' generally refers to a performer in kabuki theatre.
Since the word kabuki is believed to derive from the verb kabuku, meaning "to lean" or "to be out of
the ordinary", kabuki can be interpreted as "avant-garde" or "bizarre" theatre.[1] The expression
kabukimono () referred originally to those who were bizarrely dressed and swaggered on a
street.

Hepatitis B

Health
Definition

Hepatitis B pertains to an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) which
affects the liver. It can cause both acute and chronic infections. Many people have no symptoms
during the initial infection. Some develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin,
tiredness, dark urine and abdominal pain. Often these symptoms last a few weeks and rarely does
the initial infection result in death. It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin. In those who
get infected around the time of birth 90% develop chronic hepatitis B while less than 10% of those
infected after the age of five do. Most of those with chronic disease have no symptoms; however,
cirrhosis and liver cancer may eventually develop. These complications result in the death of 15 to
25% of those with chronic disease.

The virus is transmitted by exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. Infection around the time of
birth or from contact with other people's blood during childhood is the most frequent method by
which hepatitis B is acquired in areas where the disease is common. In areas where the disease is
rare, intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse are the most frequent routes of infection. Other
risk factors include working in healthcare, blood transfusions, dialysis, living with an infected person,
travel in countries where the infection rate is high, and living in an institution. Tattooing and
acupuncture led to a significant number of cases in the 1980s; however, this has become less
common with improved sterility. The hepatitis B viruses cannot be spread by holding hands, sharing
eating utensils, kissing, hugging, coughing, sneezing, or breastfeeding. The infection can be
diagnosed 30 to 60 days after exposure. Diagnosis is typically by testing the blood for parts of the
virus and for antibodies against the virus. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.

Prevention and Cure

Safe and effective vaccines provide protection against hepatitis B for 15 years and possibly much
longer. Currently, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that all newborns and
individuals up to 18 years of age and adult participating at risk of infection be vaccinated. Three
injections over a six to 12 month period are required to provide full protection.
In General:
Wash your hands after going to the bathroom and before fixing food or eating.
Use latex condoms, which may lower the risk of transmission.
Avoid tap water when traveling to certain countries or regions. Ask your doctor about risks
before you travel or call the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at 877-FYI-TRIP.
Don't share drug needles.
Don't share personal itemssuch as toothbrushes, razors and nail clipperswith an infected
person.

Physical Education

Basic Dance Steps

Dance Step

Parallel Tortillier

2/4, 3/4 or 4/4

Pivot Turn

2/4

No. of counts or
M per step
1M
1 ct.
1, 2 or 3 cts.
1 ct.
as many as
required
as many as
required
2M or 4M

Touch Step

2/4 or 3/4

1, 2 or 3 cts

Change Step
Waltz turn

2/4 or 3/4
2/4 or 3/4

1M
2M

Waltz step

2/4 or 3/4

2M

Stamping

2/4 or 3/4

1M

Slide (glide)
Skip
Bleking
Gallop
Mincing

Music Used
2/4
2/4
2/4
2/4
2/4

or
or
or
or
or

3/4
6/8
3/4
6/8
3/4

Step Pattern
slide, close
step and hop
heel-place, close
step and cut
step, step, step
and so on
pivot and turn
heels, pivot
Step, ball and turn,
step,
ball and turn and
so on.
Touch , close
Step close Step
Execute 2 waltz
steps to make a
turn
Step R; step L
close to R in rear;
step R
Stamp(R) (L) and
close to supporting
foot(L) (R)

Padyak

- to stamp or tap with one foot and the weight of the body is on the other foot

Saludo

- it means to bow

Arms in Lateral Position

Set

- both arms are in one side at shoulder level, either right or left

- a dance formation of two or more couples

Bend

- to move the body or part of the body around wide axis

Leap

- to spring one foot and land on the other foot

Hilongos National Vocational School

Hilongos, Leyte

Projects
in
MAPEH 8

Submitted By:
Lowell F. Casinillo

Submitted To
Mrs. Susan L.
Florida