A car covered 130 miles using 4 gallons of diesel.

What distance would the same car cover, under similar conditions, on
6.7 gallons?
Solution
The number of miles covered using 1 gallon is given by
(130 / 4) = 32.5 miles/gallon
Using 6.5 gallons, the car will cover
6.7 * 32.5 = 217.75 miles
If plotted in the same rectangular system of axis, the graphs of f(x) = | |x| - 4 | and g(x) = 2 will have
A) no points of intersection
B) 1 point of intersection
C) 2 points of intersection
D) 3 points of intersection
E) 4 points of intersection
Solution
Shown below is the graph of ||x|-4| by steps. First top left is the V-shaped graph of |x|, then below is the graph of |x|-4
which is the graph of |x| shifted 4 units down. Top right is the graph of ||x| - 4| which is the graph of |x|-4 where the part of
the graph below the x axis is reflected on the x axis to make it positive or zero. Finally the graph of ||x| - 4| and that of y =
2 shows that there are 4 points of intersection.

Which of the following is the largest?

A) 125%
B) 1.25
C) 1 + 1/3
D) 4/3
E) 0.0015/0.001
Solution
Convert all given quantities into decimal numbers
A) 125% = 125/100 = 1.25
B) 1.25 = 1.25
C) 1 + 1/3 = 1.333...
D) 4/3 = 1.333...
E) 0.0015/0.001 = 1.5/1 = 1.5
The largest of all given quantities is 0.0015/0.001

1. | |- 10 - 19| - 20 | = ?
Solution
First calculate |- 10 - 19|
|- 10 - 19| = |-29| = 29
Substitute |- 10 - 19| by 29 in the given expression and calculate

| |- 10 - 19| - 20 | = |29 - 20| = |9| = 9

2. The algebraic expression x / (x + 2) is undefined if x =

Solution
Since division by 0 is not allowed in mathematics, the given expression is undefined for any value that makes its
denominator equal to 0. The denominator of the given expression is equal to 0 if
x + 2 =0 or x = - 2
The given expression is undefined if x = -2

3. (5 - 7)(5 + 7) = ?
Solution
We first expand the given expression using the identity (x - y)(x + y) = x 2 - x2 and then simplify
(5 - 7)(5 + 7) = (5)2 - (7)2 = 5 - 7 = - 2

4. In the figure below the sides AB and AC of triangle ABC have equal lengths. Find the size of angle ABC.
.

Solution
The size of angle BAC is equal to 46 since it is a vertical angle to the given angle of size 46. We now use the
fact that the sum of all angles in a triangle is equal to 180.
size of angle ABC + size of angle ACB + 46 = 180
Since AB and AC have equal lengths, triangle ABC is isosceles and therefore angles ABC and ACB are equal in
size. Hence
2 (size of angle ABC) + 46 = 180
size of angle ABC = (180 - 46) / 2 = 67

5. If y = 10 in the figure below, what is the value of x?

.

Solution
The sum of all three angles in a triangle is equal to 180. Hence
(4x + 4y) + (x + 3y) + (x + 2y) = 180
Group like terms
6x + 9y = 180
Substitute y by 10 in the equation and solve for x.
6x + 9(10) = 180
6x = 180 - 90 = 90
x = 15

6. By what percent will the volume of a rectangular solid increase if its length, width and height increase by 25%
each?
Solution
Let L, W and H be the length, width and height of the rectangular solid. The volume V is given by
V=LWH
When L, W and H are increased by 25%, they become
L = L + 25%L = L(1 + 25/100) = L(1 + 0.25) = 1.25 L
W = 1.25 W
H = 1.25 H
The volume V2 after the increase is given by
V2 = (1.25 L) (1.25 W) (1.25 H) = 1.253 L W H
Find the percentage P of increase of the volume as follows
P = (V2 - V) / V = (1.253 L W H - L W H) / L W H =
L W H (1.253 - 1) / L W H

= 1.253 - 1 = 0.95 (rounded to the nearest hundredth)

= 95%

7. What is the average of all prime numbers between 20 and 40?

Solution
The prime numbers between 20 and 40 are
23, 29, 31 and 37
Their average is equal to
(23 + 29 + 31 + 37) / 4 = 30
1. If w is the average (arithmetic mean) of the numbers a, b, c and d, then the average of m(a + k), m(b + k), m(c +
k) and m(d + k) is given by

Solution
w is the mean of a, b, c and d is written as
w = (a + b + c + d) / 4
w is the average W of m(a + k), m(b + k), m(c + k) and m(d + k) is given by
W = [ m(a + k) + m(b + k) + m(c + k) + m(d + k) ] / 4
W = m [ a + b + c + d + 4 k] / 4 = m [a + b + c + d ] / 4 + m k
= m (w + k)
If w is the average of a, b, c and d, then the average W of m(a + k), m(b + k), m(c + k) and m(d + k) is given by
W = m (w + k)

2. What is the ratio of the area of the larger circle to the area of the smaller circle such that the radius of the larger
circle is three times the radius of the smaller circle?
Solution
Let r and R be the radii of the smaller and larger circles respectively. The radius of the larger circle is three times
the radius of the smaller circle leads to
R = 3r
Areas A1 of smaller and A2 of larger circles are given by
A1 = Pi r2

A2 = Pi R2 = Pi (3r)2 = 9 Pi r2
ratio R of areas larger / smaller is equal to
R = 9 Pi r2 / Pi r2 = 9

A group of 20 employees in a company have an average (arithmetic mean) salary of $35,000 while a second
group of 30 employees in the same company have an average salary of $40,000. What is the average salary of
the 50 employees making the two groups?
Solution
Let S1 be the total salary of the group of 20 employess. Hence
35,000 = S1 / 20
S1 = 20 * 35,000 = $700,000
Let S2 be the total salary of the group of 30 employess. Hence
40,000 = S2 / 30
S2 = $1,200,000
The average of all 50 employers is given by
(700,000 + 1,200,000) / 50 = $38,000

3. Which of the following is equal to 48

A) 16
B) 34
C) 43
D) 183
E) 24
Solution
Rewrite the given expression using the fact that 48 = 3 16
48 = (3 16)
Use the formula (a b) = a a to rewite (3 16) as
48 = (3 16) = 3 16
= 4 3

4. The sizes of the interior angles A, B and C of a triangle are in the ratio 2:4:3. What is the measure, in degrees, of
the smallest angle?

Solution
Since the three angles are in the ration 2:4:3, their sizes they may be written in the form
Size of A = 2 k , Size of B = 4 k and size of C = 3 k , where k is a constant.
The sum of the angles of a ny triangle is equal to 180; hence
2 k + 4 k + 3 k = 180
Solve for k
9 k = 180 , k = 20
The smallest angle is A and its size is equal to 2 k
2 k = 2 20 = 40

5. If n is even and m is odd, then which of the following is true?

A) n + m is even
B) n - m is even
C) n * m is odd
D) n2 + m2 + 1 is even
E) 2n + 3m + 1 is odd
Solution
If n is even, it can be written as follows
n = 2 k , where k is an integer
If m is odd, it can be written as follows
m = 2 K + 1 , where K is an integer
We now express n + m in terms of k and K
n + m = 2 k + 2 K + 1 = 2(k + K) + 1
n + m is odd
We now express n - m in terms of k and K
n - m = 2 k - (2 K + 1) = 2 k - 2 K - 1
n - m = 2 (k - K) - 1
n - m is odd
We now express n * m in terms of k and K
n * m = (2 k)(2 K + 1) = 2( k(2K + 1) )
n * m is even
We now express n2 + m2 + 1 in terms of k and K

n2 + m2 + 1 = (2 k)2 + (2 K + 1)2 + 1 = 4 k2 + 4 K2 + 4 K + 1 + 1
= 2 ( 2 k2 + 2 K2 + 2 K + 1)
n2 + m2 + 1 is even
Statement D is true.

6. 5100 + 2550 + 3(12534 / 25) = Solution

Use the facts that 25 = 52 and 125 = 53 to rewrite the given expression as follows
5100 + 2550 + 3(12534 / 25) = 5100 + (52)50 + 3( (53)34 / (52))
Use formula for exponents to simplify
= 5100 + 5100 + 3( 5102 / 52)
= 5100 + 5100 + 3( 5100)
= 5 * 5100
= 5101

7. [ 6x10 - 2x9 ] / (9x2 - 1) =

Solution
Factor numerator as follows
6x10 - 2x9 = 2x9 (3x - 1)
Factor denominator as follows
9x2 - 1 = (3x - 1)(3x + 1)
Substitute numerator and denominator by their factored forms and simplify the given expression
[ 6x10 - 2x9 ] / (9x2 - 1) = [2x9 (3x - 1) ] / [(3x - 1)(3x + 1)]
= 2x9 / (3x + 1)

8. (- 2x + 6)2 =
Solution

Expand by multiplication or using the identity (x + y) 2 = x2 + 2 x y + y2.

(- 2x + 6)2 = (-2x)2 + 2 (-2x)(6) + 62
= 4 x2 - 24 x + 36

9. The sum of all interior angle of a regular polygon is 1800. How many sides does this polygon have?
Solution
The sum of all interior angles of a polygon of n sides is given by.
(n - 2) * 180
and is equal to 1800. Hence
(n - 2) * 180 = 1800
Solve for n
(n - 2) = 10
n = 12
10. Which of the following would be the value of the digit B so that the number 3B324 is divisible by 6?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4
F) 5
G) 6
H) 7
I) 8
J) 9

Solution
For a number to be divisible by 6, it must be divisible by 2 and 3. All the given numbers above are divisible by 2.
We need to select values of B such the numbers are divisible by 3. For a number to be divisible 3, the sum of its
digits must be divisible by 3. Hence
3 + B + 3 + 2 + 4 = 12 + B
The values of B that make 12 + B divisible by 3 are
0, 3, 6 and 9
The answer to the above question is
A,D,G,J

11. Which of these in NOT a prime number?

A) 27
B) 13
C) 43
D) 49
E) 119
F) 1111
Solution
A prime number is a number that has two factors only 1 and itself. Let us write the above numbers and list their
factors, then decide which are not prime.
Factors of 27 are 1 , 3 , 9 , 27
Factors of 13 are 1 , 13
Factors of 43 are 1 , 43
Factors of 49 are 1 , 7 , 49
Factors of 119 are 1 , 7 , 17 , 119
Factors of 1111 are 1 , 11 , 101 , 1111
According to the definition above, 27, 49, 119 and 1111 are prime numbers. The answer to the above questions
is:
A, D, E, F

12. If a, b, c and d are real numbers of a date set such that a < b < c < d, which of the following statement is always
true?
A) The average (arithmetic mean) of a, b, c and d is smaller than d
B) The average of a, b, c and d is greater than d
C) The average of a, b, c and d is greater than a
D) Three times the average of a, b, c and d is greater than d
Solution
The average of a set of non equal numbers is always greater than the smallest data value in the set and smaller
than the largest value in the set. Hence in this case the average of a, b, c and d is less than d and greater than a.
Hence
Statement A is always true
Statement B is always false
Statement C is always true
Statement D is not always true. Explanation with counter example: Let
a = 0, b = 1, c = 3 and d = 100.
Find the mean m of a, b, c and d.
m = (0 + 1 + 3 + 100) / 4 = 26.
Three times the average = 3 * 26 = 78 and is not greater than d = 100.
Answer to above question:
A,C

13. If x is distant by 5 units from -1, what are the possible values of x?
A) 4
B) - 4
C) - 6
D) 6
E) 5
Solution
The distance on a number line between x and -1 is given by.
|x - (-1)| = |x + 1|
The values of x that make.
|x + 1| = 5 are x = 4 and x = -6
The answer to the above question is.
A,C

14. Which of these fractions are equivalent to 6 / 8?

A) 30 / 40
B) 4 / 5
C) 12 / 16
D) 3 / 4
E) 99 / 132
F) 4 / 3
Solution
We first reduce the fraction 6 / 8
6/8=3/4
We reduce the given fraction in order to find which is equivalent to 3 / 4
30 / 40 = 3 / 4 (divide numerator and denominator by 10)
4 / 5 cannot be further reduced
12 / 16 = 3 / 4 (divide numerator and denominator by 4)
3 / 4 cannot be further reduced
99 / 132 = 3 / 4 (divide numerator and denominator by 33)
4 / 3 cannot be further reduced
Answer to given question
A,C,D,E

15. Which of the triangles below, defined by their three sides, are right triangles?
A) 1 , 2 , 3
B) 6 , 8 , 10
C) 1.2 , 1.6 , 2.0
D) 3 , 5 , 34
E) 10 , 12 , 20
Solution
If a, b and c are the sides of a right triangle and c has the largest length, then a,b and c must satisfy Pythagora's
theorem as follows
a 2 + b 2 = c2
We now check if each of the given sides above satisfy Pythagora's theorem
1 , 2 , 3: 12 + 22 = 32 ; 1 + 2 = 9 ; Not Satisfied
6 , 8 , 10: 62 + 82 = 102 ; 36 + 64 = 100 ; Satisfied
1.2 , 1.6 , 2.0: 1.22 + 1.62 = 2.02 ; 1.44 + 2.56 = 4.0 ; Satisfied
3 , 5 , 34: 32 + 52 = (34)2 ; 9 + 25 = 34 ; Satisfied
10 , 12 , 20: 102 + 122 = 202 ; 100 + 144 = 400 ; Not Satisfied
The answer to the above question is
B,C,D

16. The lengths of the sides AB and AC of triangle ABC are both equal to 10 and the size of the interior angle at
vertex A of triangle ABC is equal to 30. Which is true about triangle ABC?
A) Angles ABC and ACB are equal in size.
B) Angle ABC has a size of 30
C) Angle ACB has a size of 75
D) The area of triangle ABC is equal to 25
Solution
Triangle ABC has 2 sides of equal length is therefore isosceles and angles ABC and ACB are equal in size.
Statement A is true
The sum of all three angles ia 180. Hence.
size of ABC + size of ACB + 30 = 180

angles ABC and ACB are equal in size, hence.

2(size of ABC) + 30 = 180

size of ABC = (180 - 30) / 2 = 75

Statement B is false
angles ABC and ACB are equal in size, hence.
size of ACB = 75 , statement C is true
The area of a triangle may be calculated using two sides and the angle between them as follows.
(1/2) sin (30) 10 * 10 = (1/2)(1/2)10*10 = 25 , statement D is true.
The answer to the above question is.
A,C,D

17. Which of the following is true?

A) x2 > 0 for all real values of x.
B) | x | > 0 for all real values of x.
C) x2 + 1 > 0 for all real values of x.
D) | x + 1| > 0 for all real values of x.
E) | x | + 1 > 0 for all real values of x.
Solution
For x = 0
x2 = 0 and | x | = 0 , and therefore both statement A and B are false.
The square of a real number is either positive or zero and if you add any positive number to a square such x 2 + 1
it becomes greater than 0.
Statment C is true.
If x = -1, then
| x + 1| = 0, Statment D is false.
The absolute value of a real number is either positive or zero and if you add any positive number to an absolute
value such | x | + 1 it becomes greater than 0.
Statment E is true.
The answer to the given question is.
C,E

18. Which of the following is true for all real numbers x and y?
A) |- x - y| = |x + y|
B) |x - y| = |x + y|

C) |y - x| = |x - y|
D) |- x + y| = |x - y|
Solution
|- x - y| may be written as
|- x - y| = |-(x + y)|
Apply the fact that | - x | = | x | to simplify
|- x - y| = |-(x + y)| = | x + y | , statement A is true
If x = 6 and y = 9, then
|x - y| = |6 - 9| = 3 and |x + y| = |6 + 9| = 15 , statement B in not true
|y - x| may be written as
|y - x| = |-(x - y) | = |x - y| , statement C is true
|- x + y| may be written as
|- x + y| = | -(x - y) | = |x - y| , statement D is true

The answer to the above question is

A,C,D

19. a, b, c, d, e, f, and h are numbers such that a b c = 100, a d e = 0 and b f h = 0. Which of the following
could be true?
A) a = 0
B) d = 0 or f = 0
C) d e not equal to 0
D) f = 0 or h = 0
E) f not equal to 0 and h not equal to 0
Solution
Since a b c = 100, none of the numbers a, b or c is equal to 0.
Statement A is false
Since a d e = 0 and b f h = 0, d may be equal to 0 or f may be equal to 0.
Statement B is true
Since a d e = 0 and a not equal to 0, d e must be equal to 0.
Statement C is false
Since b f h = 0 and b not equal to 0, then either f equals 0 or h equals or both.
Statment D is true

The answer to the above question is.

B , C ,D
When solving quantitative comparison questions, you asked to compare two quantities Quantity A and Quantity B and then determine which of the
following statements describes the comparison:
(A) Quantity A is greater.
(B) Quantity B is greater.
(C) The two quantities are equal.
(D) The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

1.

Quantity A

Quantity B

2(3 + 4)2 + 10

2 + (3 + 4)2 + 10

2.
Solution
Evaluate expressions in A and B
A: 2(3 + 4)

3.

+ 10 = 2(7)2 + 10 = 2(49) + 10 = 108

B: 2 + (3 + 4)2 + 10 = 2 + 49 + 10 = 61
Quantity A is greater than quantity B
Answer (A)
4.

5.

6.

Quantity A

Quantity B

2310 + 2310 + 2310

3310

7.
Solution
Simplify expressions in A and B
A: 2310 + 2310 + 2310 = 2 ( 310 + 310 + 310 )
= 2 ( 3310 ) = 2311
B: 3310 = 311
Quantity A is greater than quantity B
Answer (A)

8.

9.

10.

Quantity A

Quantity B

25% of 300

Three quarters of 200

11.
Solution

12. Evaluate expressions in A and B

A: 25% of 300 = (25/100)300 = 25 300 / 100 = 75
B: Three quarters of 200 = (3/4) 200 = 150
Quantity B is greater than quantity A
Answer (B)
13.

14.

15.
ABC is a triangle such that the measure of angle A is 45. The measure of angle C is twice the measure of angle B.

Quantity A

Quantity B

The measure of angle A

The measure of angle B

16.
Solution
Quantity A is known. Let us calculate quantity B. The measure of angle C is twice the measure of angle B is translated as follows.
C=2B
The sum of the measures of the three angles A, B and C of the triangles is 180
A + B + C = 180
Substitute A by 45 and C by 2B in the above equation
45 + B + 2B = 180
Solve for B
3 B = 135
B = 135 / 3 = 45
The measures of angle A and B are equal

Answer (C)
17.

18.

19.

x is a variable that may take any real value.

Quantity A

Quantity B

x2 + 1

100x + 1

Solution
Evaluate expressions in A and B for different values of x.
x=0
A: x2 + 1 = 02 + 1 = 1
B: 100x + 1 = 100(0) + 1 = 1
x=1
A: x2 + 1 = 12 + 1 = 2
B: 100x + 1 = 100(1) + 1 = 101
We have tried two values of x 0 and 1 and they gave different conclusions. Therefore the relationship between the quantities in A and B cannot
be determined from the information given.
Answer (D)

20.

Quantity A

Quantity B

Area of rectangle of perimeter 240.

Area of square of perimeter 240

21.
Solution
Given the perimeter of a rectangle, we cannot calcualte its area and therefore the relationship between the quantities in A and B cannot be
determined from the information given.
Answer (D)
22.

23.

24.

x = - 10-2

Quantity A

Quantity B

x3

x2

Solution
Evaluate expressions in A and B for the given value of x
A: x3 = (- 10-2)3 = (-1)3(10-2)3
= - 10-6
B: x2 = (- 10-2)2 = (-1)2(10-2)2
= 10-4
Quantity B is greater than quantity A
Answer (B)

25.

Quantity A

Quantity B

The volume of a cylindrical tube of radius 1 cm and The Volume of a cylindrical container of radius 10 cm
a length of 100 m
and a length of 10 m
26.
Solution
Before we calculate the volume, we need to convert all given units to one single unit, cm in this case.
A: radius 1 cm , length = 100 m = 100 * 100 cm = 104 cm
B: radius 10 cm , length = 10 m = 10 * 100 cm = 103 cm
We now calculate the volume using the formula for the volume of a cylindrical tube: Pi * radius 2 * height.
A: Pi * 12 * 104 = 104 Pi
B: Pi * 102 * 103 = 105 Pi
The volume in B is greater than the volume in A.
Answer (B)

27.

28.

29.

0<x<1

Quantity A

Quantity B

1 / x2

1/x

Solution
Since x is positive, we can mutliply all terms of the given inequality 0 < x < 1 by x without changing the inequality symbols.
0*x < x*x < 1*x
Which simplifies to
0 < x2 < x
Again since x is positive, the inequality x2 < x gives an inequality of the reciprocals as follows
1 / x2 > 1 / x

Quantity A is greater than quantity B

Answer (A)

30.
A bag contains green, blue and yellow balls. The ratio of green to blue balls is 2:7. The ratio of green to yellow balls is 3:5.

Quantity A

Quantity B

Number of blue balls

Number of yellow balls

31.
Solution
Let g, b and y be the numbers of green, blue and yellow balls respectively. Using the given ratios, we can write the following fractions
g / b = 2 / 7 and g / y = 3 / 5
The first fraction gives
b/g=7/2
We now evaluate the product of fractions g / y and b / g as follows
(g / y) * (b / g) = (3 / 5) * (7 / 2)

Note that (g / y) * (b / g) simplifies to b / y, hence

b / y = 21 / 10
The above fraction indicates that the number of blue balls (A) is greater than the number of yellow balls (B).
Answer (A)

32. Working together, two water pumps A and B can fill a water tank in 3 hours. Working alone pump A can fill the tank
in 4 hours. How long does it take pump B, working alone, to fill the same tank?

Solution
Pump A can fill the tank in 4 hours, therefore the quarter of the tank is filled in one hour, hence the rate of pump A
in filling the tank is
1/4
If T is the number of hours for pump B to fill the tank, then its rate is
1/T
When working together for 3 hours both pumps are working at their rates to fill 1 tank. Hence
3(1 / 4) + 3(1 / T) = 1
The term 3(1 / 4) in the above equation is due to pump A working at its rate for 3 hours. The term 3(1 / T) is due to
pump B and the "1" on the right of the equation corresponds to 1 tank. We now solve the above equation for T
3(1 / T) = 1 - 3 / 4
3(1 / T) = 1 / 4
1 / T = 1 / 12
T = 12 hours

33. The values of x and y are related by the equation y = k / x, where k is a constant. If y = 45 when x = 3, what is the
value of x when y = 180?
Solution
"y = 45 when x = 3" is used to find the constant k by substituting y and x by their values in the equation y = k / x.
45 = k / 3
Solve for k
k = 3 * 45 = 135
We now use the same equation with known value of k to find x when y = 180 as follows
180 = 135 / x
Solve for x
x = 135 / 180 = 3 / 4

34. A rectangle has a length that is one third of its perimeter. The perimeter is 150 meters. What is the area of the
rectangle?
Solution
Let L, W and P be the length, width and perimeter of the rctangle. Hence "a rectangle has a length that is one
third of its perimeter" is translated as follows
L = P / 3 = 150 / 3 = 50
The perimeter P is given by the formula
P = 2L + 2W
Substitute P by 150 and L by 50 and solve for W
150 = 2 * 50 + 2 W
W = 25
The area A of the rectangle is given by
A = L W = 50 * 25 = 1250

35. The square of the sum of two numbers is 289. The product of the two numbers is 66. What is the sum of the
squares of the two numbers?
Solution
Let x and y be the two numbers. "The square of the sum of two numbers is 289" is translated as follows
(x + y)2 = 289
Expand the left side of the above equation
x2 + y2 + 2 x y = 289
x y is the product of the two numbers and is given. Hence
x2 + y2 + 2 (66) = 289
Which gives
x2 + y2 = 157
Hence the sum of the square of x and y is 157

36. In a certain country, in one year, 30% of the total money spent on energy was spent on generating electricity. If 30
billion dollars were spent on energy, how much money, in billions, was spent on generating electricity?
Solution
30% of the money spent on energy is given by
30% * 30 = 9

37. The sum of three consecutive odd integers is 249. Find the largest of these numbers.
Solution
Let x be the smallest of these numbers. x + 2 and x + 4 will the next two odd integers. Hence
x + (x + 2) + (x + 4) = 249
Solve for x the above equation.
3x + 2 + 4 = 249
3x = 243
x = 81
The largest of these numbers is x + 4 and its value is
x + 4 = 81 + 4 = 85

38. The sum of two numbers is 3.6 and the difference of these numbers is 1.2. Find the largest of these numbers.
Solution
Let x and y be the two numbers. Hence
x + y = 3.6 and x - y = 1.2
Solve the above system of equations by adding the left sides and right sides of the two equations
(x + y) + (x - y) = 3.6 + 1.2
2x = 4.8
x = 2.4
Use equation x + y = 3.6 to find y
y = 3.6 - 2.4 = 1.2

The largest of these numbers is 2.4

39. 20% of what number is 125?

Solution
Let x the number. Hence
20% x = 125
Solve for x
(20 / 100) x = 125
x = 125 * 100 / 20 = 625

40. The price of a shirt was first decreased by 10% and then decreased a second time by 15%. What was the original
price of the shirt if the final price is 22 dollars?(round answer to the nearest cent)
Solution
Let x be the original price. The price after the first reduction of 10% is given by
x - 10% x = x - (10/100)x = x - 0.1x
The price after the second reduction of 15% is given by
(x - 0.1x) - 15% (x - 0.1x) = x - 0.1x - (15/100)(x - 0.1x)
= x - 0.1x - 0.15(x - 0.1x)
= x - 0.1x - 0.15x + 0.015x
= 0.765x
The final price is 22 dollars. Hence
0.765x = 22
Solve for x
x = 28.7581
Rounded to the nearest cent, the original price x is equal to
28.76 dollars

41. The average of 1/2, 1/4, 2/3 and x is equal to 3/4. Find x.
Solution
The average of 1/2, 1/4, 2/3 and x is given by
(1/2 + 1/4 + 2/3 + x) / 4
and is equal to 3/4. Hence
(1/2 + 1/4 + 2/3 + x) / 4 = 3 / 4
Solve for x. First multiply both sides of the equation by 4 ans simplify
(1/2 + 1/4 + 2/3 + x) = 3 x = 3 - (1/2 + 1/4 + 2/3)
Set all fractions to common denominator
x = 36/12 - (6/12 + 3/12 + 8/12) = 36/12 - 17/12
x = 19/12