PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

PREDISPOSING FACTORS
Age of 5 years old, Gender (MALE), Family History of Colon and Lung Cancer
PRECIPITATING FACTORS
Chemical exposure of living area near 3 factories (Coca-cola, Nestle, & a Fabrications Factory), Lifestyle of eating processed food everyday
Alteration in DNA
Transformation of Non-Cancerous Cells to Cancerous Cells
Mutation of tumor suppressor genes
Inactivation of tumor suppressor proteins
Over production of growth factor (IL-3,
GM-CSF, M-CSF, G-CSF)
Change in cellular transcription and translation pathways
Dysfunction in the cells error detection and
correction mechanisms
Proliferation of abnormal cells
Attacks the bone marrow which produces blood
components such as the RBC, WBC, platelets,
etc
Normal bone marrow cells become abnormal bone
marrow cells
Cell production cycle continues
Production of the abnormal cells in the bone marrow

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Abnormal Cells overpower the normal cells in the bone

Medication:
marrow
Diphenyhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl) as Anti allergy for the BTWeakness,
Dyspnea,
Treatment:
Bone marrow activity suppression
Palmar and PeripheralPallor,
Whole Blood Transfusion of 296ml on 11/30/15
Alteration in the production of blood and blood
components (RBC, WBC, Platelets, Etc) or
Hematopoiesis

Pt was diagnosed with Acute Myelogenous

Medication:
hydrochloride
Leukemia on(Benadryl)
11/15/15 as Anti allergy for the BT
rsensitivity Reaction to Treatment: Febrile of 38Diphenyhydramine
to 39 degrees Celsius
Treatment:
Whole Blood
Transfusion
296ml
on 12/04/15
Abnormal
productionofblood
components
causing
destruction and loss of function in components

1.) Decreased production of

Medication:
Platelets
Paracetamol (Biogesic)

2.) Decreased production of

Leukocytes

Hypersensitivity Reaction to Treatment: Febrile of 38 to 39 degrees Celsius

Low platelet count

Laboratory and Diagnostic Results: CBC 11/30/15

Normal Value= Platelets: 150-390x109/L
Patients Reading= Platelets: 29 X 109/L (LOW)
Normal Value= Hgb: 10.50-13.50g/dL
Patients Reading= 6.30 g/dL (LOW)

Decreased function and ability

of the formation of blood clots

3.) Increased production of

Erythrocytes
Insufficient number of RBC and
insufficient hemoglobin count per
cell

Indication of Infection in the

body
Laboratory and Diagnostic Results: CBC 11/30/15
Normal Value= WBC: 6.00-17.00x109/L
Patients Reading= WBC: 56.9 X 109/L (HIGH)

Medication:
Paracetamol (Biogesic)
Laboratory and Diagnostic Results: CBC 11/30/15
Normal Value= RBC: 3.69-5.90x1012/L
Patients Reading= RBC: 2.19 X 1012/L (LOW)

Anemia

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AML spreads out to all bone marrow cells

Continuous proliferation of cancerous
cells in the bone marrow
Damage of surrounding blood vessels
Entry of malignant cells in the circulation
Invasion of surrounding tissues and organs

Lymph nodes
Lymphadenopathy

Spleen

Liver

Splenomegaly

Hepatomegaly

Abdominal Distention

No known treatment has been ordered by

admitting physician yet

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PREDISPOSING FACTORS
Age of 5 years old, Gender (MALE), Asian Race
PRECIPITATING FACTORS
Immature immune system, Small airways, weakened
immune system, Antibiotic Therapy

Microorganism was not specifically indicated by

physician
Micro-organsim enters the nose (nasal passage)

1st Complication

Passes through the larynx.

Pharynx, trachea
Microorganism enters and affects both airway and
lung parenchyma

Patient is diagnosed with Pneumonia

Lung Invasion

Airway Damage
Infiltration of Bronchi

Decreased RBC Count

Flattening of Epithelial Cells

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Infiltration of Bronchi

Infectious organism
stimulates bronchioles

Laboratory and Diagnostic Results: CBC 12/5/15

Normal Value= RBC: 3.69-5.90x1012/L
Patients Reading= RBC: 2.98 X 1012/L (LOW)

Macrophages and
leukocytes produce
mucus and phlegm

Body Malaise
Productive cough with
moderate hard yellowish
sputum

Alveolar collapses

Pyrogen levels increase in

the body

Fever
T: 38-39 Degrees Celsius

Medication:

Piperacillin-Tazobactam (Vigocid)
Clindamycin (Cleocin Pedia)

Medication:
Paracetamol (Biogesic)

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Normal host immunity disrupted, CD4 cell

count drops below 350

2nd Complication

C albican cause overgrowth of yeast on

the oral mucosa

Patient is diagnosed with Oral Thrush

Destruction of epithelial cells

Accumulation of bacteria, keratin, and

necrotic tissue

Mucosal Lesion present in and around the mouth

causing inflammation in the mucosa

Medication:
Nystatin (Mycostatin) Syrup (suspension)
Benzydamine (Difflam Spray)

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Patients medications trigger a GI side

effect
Drugs that caused diarrhea:

3rd Complication

Piperacillin-Tazobactam (Vigocid)
Nystatin (Mycostatin)
Clindamycin (Cleocin Pedia)

Drug induced diarrhea occurs

Normal Flora is disrupted

Increase of the normal flora in the
intestines
Shifting of normal flora levels leads to
gastrointestinal problems
Ineffective bowel movement and activity
Less absorption of fluid by the large
intestines
Soft Stool noted

Medication:

Racecadotril (Hidrasec)

Zinc Sulfate Syrup (E-Zinc)

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Legend:

DIAGNOSIS OF THE PATIENT

PRECIPITATING AND PREDISPOSING

FACTORS

LABORATORY AND DIAGNOSTIC TEST

RESULTS

MEDICATIONS AND TREATMENTS

SIGNS ANS SYMPTOMS

COMPLICATIONS

END OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

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