GTJ 205/4: Nursing Foundation I

Nursing Degree Year 2

Introduction
Concept to Medical Asepsis
JAYAH K. PUBALAN
NURSING PROGRAM
SCHOOL OF HEALTH SCIENCES
HEALTH CAMPUS, USM
KUBANG KERIAN

Objectives

describe the chain of infection

state the definition of medical asepsis
explain the principles of medical asepsis
identify the steps for the universal standard
precaution
demonstrate proper medical aseptic techniques

medical handwash technique

wear and remove mask
wear and remove protective gown
don and remove clean gloves
practice isolation technique

appreciate the importance of practicing correct

asepsis technique during nursing care.

Introduction

Nurses role
Quality care
Infection control principles
Safe environment
Chain of infection

Guess What

Microorganisms
Flora: adapted to live in specific areas
Resident Flora (normal) and Transient Flora
(Episodic)
Pathogens (disease-producing)
Virulence (frequency)

Strength to adhere
Ability to damage
Interfere regulating systems
Evade WBCs attack

Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protozoa & Rickettsia

Pathogenic Microorganisms
Bacteria small and one cell
Bacterial infections
Diarrhea
Pneumonia
Sinusitis
Urinary tract infections
Cellulitis
Meningitis
Gonorrhea
Otitis media
Impetigo

Viruses
Live only inside cell
Viral infections
Influenza
Measles
Common cold
Chickenpox
Hepatitis B
Genital herpes
HIV

Fungi
Grow in single cell as in yeast or colonies as
in molds
Immunologically impaired
Fungi infections
Infections of the hair
Nails
Mucous membranes

Protozoa
Single celled movable parasite
Food, water, insect bites
Protozoan infections
Malaria
Gastroenteritis
Vaginal infections

Rickettsia
Intracellular parasites
Living cells to reproduce
Rickettsia infections
Fleas
Ticks
Mites
Lice

Typus, Lyme disease

Rocky mountain spotted fever

Chain of Infection

Chain of Infection

Breaking the Chain of Infection

Intact immune system
Exercise
Immunization
Proper nutrition

Cleaning
Disinfection
Sterilization

Skin integrity
Sterile technique
Proper disposal of
sharps

Proper hygiene
Change dressings
Clean equipments
Clean linen

Wear gloves,
mask,gown
Medical asepsis
Surgical asepsis
Disposal items
Hand hygiene

Clean dressing
over wounds
Covering mouth
and nose when
cough/sneeze

Infection Control
Aseptic Techniques
Medical asepsis
Surgical asepsis

Medical asepsis to reduce the number,

growth, and spread of microorganisms
Also known as clean technique
Infection control by hand hygiene
Hand washing
Hand rub

Principles of Medical Asepsis

1. Wash hands frequently,
2. Keep soiled items and equipment from
touching the clothing
3. Do not place soiled bed linen/any other
items onto the floor
4. Avoid having client's cough, sneeze,
breath directly on others

Principles of Medical Asepsis

5. Move equipment away from you when
brushing, dusting
6. Avoid raising dust
7. Clean the least soiled areas first then more
soiled ones
8. Dispose of soiled/used items directly into
appropriate containers

Principles of Medical Asepsis

9. Pour liquids that are to be discarded directly into
the drain so as to avoid splattering in the sink
and onto you
10. Avoid leaning against sinks, or equipment

11. Avoid touching your eyes, face, nose or mouth

12. Use practices of personal grooming that help
prevent spreading microorganisms
13. Follow guidelines conscientiously for isolation or
barrier techniques as prescribed by your agency

Hand Washing
Hand washing
Washing hands with plain soap and water
Antiseptic handwash
Washing hands with water and soap or other
detergents containing a germ-killer
Alcohol-based handrub
Rubbing hands with an alcohol-containing
preparation to kill germs

Indications for Hand Hygiene

When hands are visibly dirty, contaminated, or
soiled, wash with plain soap and water or germkilling soap and water.
If hands are not visibly soiled, use an alcoholbased handrub for routinely decontaminating
hands.

5 Moments

Hand Wash

Hand Rub

Efficacy of Hand Hygiene

Preparations in Killing Bacteria

Good

Better

Plain Soap

Antimicrobial
soap

Best

Alcohol-based
handrub

Alcohol - Based Handrubs:

What benefits do they provide?
Require less time

More effective for standard handwashing

than soap
More accessible than sinks
Reduce bacterial counts on hands
Improve skin condition

Thank You

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